Jmol-Application/C3/Surfaces-and-Orbitals/Kannada

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Time
Narration
00:01 Jmol Application (ಜೆ-ಮೊಲ್ ಅಪ್ಲಿಕೇಶನ್) ನಲ್ಲಿ, Surfaces and Orbitals (ಸರ್ಫೇಸಸ್ ಆಂಡ್ ಆರ್ಬಿಟಲ್ಸ್) ಎಂಬ ಈ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಗೆ ನಿಮಗೆ ಸ್ವಾಗತ.
00:07 ಈ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ನಲ್ಲಿ, ನಾವು:
00:10 Create models of Alicyclic and Aromatic molecules.
00:14 Display different surfaces of molecules.
00:18 Display Atomic and Molecular orbitals. ಇತ್ಯಾದಿಗಳನ್ನು ಕಲಿಯುವೆವು.
00:22 ಈ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಅನ್ನು ಅನುಸರಿಸಲು, ನೀವು ಜೆ-ಮೊಲ್ ಅಪ್ಲಿಕೇಶನ್ ನಲ್ಲಿ, ಮೊಲೆಕ್ಯುಲರ್ ಮಾಡೆಲ್ ಗಳನ್ನು ಕ್ರಿಯೇಟ್ ಮತ್ತು ಎಡಿಟ್ ಮಾಡುವುದನ್ನು ತಿಳಿದಿರಬೇಕು.
00:29 ಇಲ್ಲದಿದ್ದರೆ, ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಗಳನ್ನು ನಮ್ಮ ವೆಬ್ಸೈಟ್ ನಲ್ಲಿ ನೋಡಿ.
00:35 ಈ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಅನ್ನು ರೆಕಾರ್ಡ್ ಮಾಡಲು, ನಾನು:
00:38 Ubuntu OS ಆವೃತ್ತಿ 12.04
00:42 Jmol ಆವೃತ್ತಿ 12.2.2 ಹಾಗೂ
00:45 Java (JRE) ಆವೃತ್ತಿ 7 ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಬಳಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದೇನೆ.
00:48 ನಾನು ಒಂದು ಹೊಸ ‘ಜೆ-ಮೊಲ್ ಅಪ್ಲಿಕೇಶನ್’ ವಿಂಡೋಅನ್ನು ತೆರೆದಿದ್ದೇನೆ.
00:52 ಮೊದಲು, ‘ಸೈಕ್ಲೋಹೆಕ್ಸೇನ್’ನ ಒಂದು ಮಾಡೆಲ್ ಅನ್ನು (cyclohexane) ನಾವು ರಚಿಸೋಣ.
00:56 ಮಾಡೆಲ್-ಕಿಟ್ ಮೆನ್ಯುದ ಮೇಲೆ (modelkit menu) ಕ್ಲಿಕ್ ಮಾಡಿ.
00:59 ಪ್ಯಾನೆಲ್ ನ ಮೇಲೆ ಮೀಥೇನ್ ನ ಒಂದು ಮಾಡೆಲ್ ಕಾಣಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತದೆ.
01:03 To create cyclohexane, we have to make a hydrocarbon chain of six carbon atoms.
01:09 We will substitute the hydrogen in the model with a methyl group.
01:13 To do so, we will place the cursor on the hydrogen and click on it.
01:18 This is a model of ethane on screen.
01:21 Repeat this step another 2 times and replace one hydrogen at a time with a methyl group.
01:28 Click on the hydrogens in such a way that the structure forms a circle.
01:33 Now, rotate the structure on screen using the Rotate molecule tool.
01:38 This is the structure of butane on the panel.
01:41 Click on the modelkit menu.
01:45 Click on hydrogen on any of the carbon atoms present at the end of the chain.
01:52 Here is a model of pentane on the panel.
01:55 Click on one of the hydrogens, that is close to the end of the carbon chain.
02:00 A model of cyclohexane is created on the panel.
02:04 Use minimize option in the modelkit menu to optimize the structure.
02:09 The model of Cyclohexane is now, in its most stable “chairconformation.
02:15 Alternately, we can also use Drag to bond option in modelkit menu to create cyclic structures.
02:24 I will use a model of pentane to demonstrate this feature.
02:29 This is a model of pentane on the panel.
02:32 To convert this into cyclopentane, select Drag to bond option from the modelkit menu.
02:40 Place the cursor on the carbon present at one end of the chain.
02:45 Hold down the mouse button.
02:47 Without releasing the mouse button, bring the cursor to the carbon present at the other end of the chain.
02:54 Now release the mouse button.
02:57 We have a model of cyclopentane on the panel.
03:01 Now Let us go back to the Jmol panel with the model of cyclohexane.
03:06 Let us now convert cyclohexane to a benzene ring.
03:10 We have to introduce double bonds at alternate positions in the cyclohexane ring.
03:16 Open the modelkit menu.
03:19 Place the cursor on the bond between any two carbon atoms and click on it.
03:25 We now have cyclohexene on the panel.
03:29 Next, we need to introduce two more double bonds in the structure, to convert it to benzene.
03:36 Click on the bond between the next two alternate carbon atoms.
03:41 We have a model of benzene on the panel.
03:44 Do the energy minimization to get a stable conformation.
03:49 Surface topology of the molecules can be displayed by using Jmol Application.
03:56 To view different surfaces, open the pop-up menu.
04:01 Ensure that the modelkit menu is closed, if it is open.
04:06 Now, right-click on the panel, to open the Pop-up menu.
04:10 Scroll down and select "Surfaces".
04:14 A sub-menu opens with many options.
04:18 Dot Surface
04:20 van der Waal's
04:21 and some others.
04:23 For demonstration purpose, I will select Molecular surface.
04:28 The model of Benzene is displayed with a molecular surface.
04:33 Let us change it to another surface, say, Dot Surface.
04:38 So, open the Pop-up menu again, and choose Dot Surface.
04:44 We can also make the surfaces opaque or translucent.
04:48 To do so, open the Pop-up menu,
04:52 Scroll down to Surfaces and select Make Opaque options
04:59 Observe that the benzene model has become opaque.
05:03 To turn off the surface option, open the Pop-up menu, choose Surfaces.
05:10 scroll down to Off and click on it.
05:15 Now, we have a model of benzene without any surfaces.
05:20 Jmol can display atomic and molecular orbitals of molecules.
05:25 Atomic orbitals can be displayed on screen by writing commands on the console.
05:32 Open a new Jmol window by clicking on File and New.
05:37 Now open the console window by clicking on File and then on Console.
05:43 The console window opens on the screen.
05:47 I am using KMag Screen magnifier to magnify the console window.
05:53 The command line for atomic orbitals starts with isosurface phase atomicorbital.
06:00 At the ($) dollar prompt type isosurface phase atomicorbital.
06:06 This is followed by quantum numbers n. l and m that are specific for each atomic orbital.
06:14 To display 's' orbital. type 2 0 0
06:20 The Numbers 2, 0, 0 represent n, l and m quantum numbers respectively.
06:27 Press Enter key to execute the command.
06:31 We have s orbital displayed on the panel.
06:35 Here are few more examples of atomic orbitals and the corresponding script commands.
06:41 The command line is same for all atomic orbitals.
06:45 To display the previous command on the console, press up arrow key on the keyboard.
06:51 Edit n, l and m quantum numbers to 2 1 1.
06:58 Press Enter key and see the 'px' orbital on the Jmol panel.
07:05 Press up arrow key again and edit n, l and m to 3 2 and -1.
07:13 Press Enter key and see the 'dxy' orbital on the Jmol panel.
07:19 We can also save these images in different file formats like jpg, png or pdf.
07:27 Here is a list of commands for all atomic orbitals (s, p, d, and f).
07:35 Shown on this slide are models of atomic orbitals.
07:40 They were created with the help of script commands written on the console.
07:45 Here I have opened a new Jmol panel and console to show how to display molecular orbitals.
07:53 Hybridized molecular orbitals such as sp3, sp2 and sp can be displayed using Jmol.
08:02 We have a model of methane on the panel.
08:06 Methane has molecular orbitals of the type sp3.
08:11 Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals i.e. LCAO method is used to create molecular orbitals.
08:21 So, the command line starts with 'lcaocartoon', followed by create and the name of the orbital.
08:30 At the dollar prompt type lcaocartoon create sp3
08:36 Press Enter.
08:38 Observe the model of methane with sp3 hybridized molecular orbitals.
08:45 To display sp2 hybridized molecular orbitals, we will take ethene as an example.
08:52 This is a molecule of ethene on the panel.
08:56 Ethene molecule has three sp2 hybridized molecular orbitals. They are named sp2a, sp2b and sp2c.
09:08 At the dollar prompt, type lcaocartoon create sp2a , press Enter.
09:17 Observe the sp2 orbital on the ethene model on the panel.
09:22 Press up arrow key and change sp2a to sp2b, press Enter.
09:31 Again, press up arrow key and change sp2b to sp2c, press Enter.
09:41 Finally for the pi bond, edit the name of the orbital as pz.
09:48 On the panel, we have ethene molecule with all the molecular orbitals.
09:55 This slide shows examples of few other molecules with molecular orbitals.
10:01 Explore the website for Jmol Script documentation for more information.
10:08 Let's summarize.
10:10 In this tutorial we have learnt to
10:12 Create a model of cyclohexane and cyclopentane
10:17 Create a model of benzene
10:19 Display surface topology of molecules.
10:23 We also learnt to
10:24 Display Atomic orbitals (s, p, d, f)
10:29 Display Molecular orbitals (sp3, sp2 and sp) by writing script commands on the console.
10:38 ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಒಂದು ಅಸೈನ್ಮೆಂಟ್ ಇದೆ.
10:40 Create a model of 2-Butene and display molecular orbitals.
10:45 Explore lcaocartoon command to change the color and size of molecular orbitals.
10:52 ಕಮಾಂಡ್ ಗಳ ಲಿಸ್ಟ್ ಗಾಗಿ ಈ ಕೆಳಗಿನ ಲಿಂಕ್ ಅನ್ನು ನೋಡಿ.
10:57 ಈ ಕೆಳಗಿನ ಲಿಂಕ್ ನಲ್ಲಿ ಲಭ್ಯವಿರುವ ವಿಡಿಯೋಅನ್ನು ನೋಡಿ.

http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial

11:01 ಇದು ಸ್ಪೋಕನ್ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಪ್ರೋಜೆಕ್ಟ್ ನ ಸಾರಾಂಶವಾಗಿದೆ.
11:04 ನಿಮ್ಮಲ್ಲಿ ಸರಿಯಾದ ಬ್ಯಾಂಡ್ವಿಡ್ತ್ ಇಲ್ಲದಿದ್ದಲ್ಲಿ, ನೀವು ಇದನ್ನು ಡೌನ್ಲೋಡ್ ಮಾಡಿ ನೋಡಬಹುದು.
11:09 ‘ಸ್ಪೋಕನ್ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಪ್ರೊಜೆಕ್ಟ್’ ತಂಡವು:
11:11 * ‘ಸ್ಪೋಕನ್ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್’ಗಳನ್ನು ಬಳಸಿ ಕಾರ್ಯಶಾಲೆಗಳನ್ನು ನಡೆಸುತ್ತದೆ.
11:15 * ‘ಆನ್ ಲೈನ್ ಟೆಸ್ಟ್’ ನಲ್ಲಿ ಉತ್ತೀರ್ಣರಾದವರಿಗೆ ಪ್ರಮಾಣಪತ್ರವನ್ನು ಕೊಡಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ.
11:19 ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಮಾಹಿತಿಗಾಗಿ, ದಯವಿಟ್ಟು ಇಲ್ಲಿಗೆ ಬರೆಯಿರಿ:

contact@spoken-tutorial.org

11:26 ‘ಸ್ಪೋಕನ್ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಪ್ರೊಜೆಕ್ಟ್’, ‘ಟಾಕ್ ಟು ಎ ಟೀಚರ್ ಪ್ರೊಜೆಕ್ಟ್’ ನ ಭಾಗವಾಗಿದೆ.
11:30 ಇದು ICT, MHRD ಮೂಲಕ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಸಾಕ್ಷರತಾ ಮಿಷನ್, ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರದಿಂದ ಬೆಂಬಲಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟಿದೆ.
11:37 ಈ ಮಿಷನ್ನಿನ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಮಾಹಿತಿಯು ಕೆಳಗಿನ ಲಿಂಕ್ ನಲ್ಲಿ ಲಭ್ಯವಿದೆ:

[1]

11:42 IIT Bombay ಯಿಂದ, ‘ಸ್ಕ್ರಿಪ್ಟ್’ನ ಅನುವಾದಕಿ ಸಂಧ್ಯಾ ಪುಣೇಕರ್ ಹಾಗೂ ಪ್ರವಾಚಕ…..

ವಂದನೆಗಳು.

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