Difference between revisions of "PhET/C2/Build-an-Atom/English-timed"

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|00:01
 
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| Welcome to this tutorial on ''''Build an Atom' simulation'''.  
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| Welcome to this tutorial on '''Build an Atom simulation'''.  
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|00:06
 
|00:06
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| Here I am using-
 
| Here I am using-
  
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'''Ubuntu Linux OS''' version 14.04
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Ubuntu Linux OS version 14.04
  
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'''Java''' version 1.7.0
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Java version 1.7.0
  
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'''Firefox Web Browser''' Version 53.02.2.
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Firefox Web Browser Version 53.02.2.
  
 
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|7. Represent the atomic symbols.
 
|7. Represent the atomic symbols.
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8. Create isotopes of an element.
 
8. Create isotopes of an element.
  
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|Nucleus may also contain neutrons. Neutron has same mass as proton but it has no charge.
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|Nucleus may also contain neutrons.  
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Neutron has same mass as proton but it has no charge.
  
 
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|At the bottom of the screen, you will see '''Show''' box. In the box, click on '''Stable/Unstable''' check box.
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|At the bottom of the screen, you will see '''Show''' box.  
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In the box, click on '''Stable/Unstable''' check box.
  
 
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| Let us start by building '''Hydrogen''' atom. From the '''Proton''' container, click on the '''Proton'''.
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| Let us start by building '''Hydrogen''' atom.  
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From the '''Proton''' container, click on the '''Proton'''.
  
 
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| Hydrogen atom is the simplest of all elements. It has one electron in the first orbit and one proton in the nucleus.  
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| Hydrogen atom is the simplest of all elements.  
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It has one electron in the first orbit and one proton in the nucleus.  
  
 
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| Drag an '''Electron''' and place in the first orbit. By default, the orbits are shown as circular dashed lines.
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| Drag an '''Electron''' and place in the first orbit.  
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By default, the orbits are shown as circular dashed lines.
  
 
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|Under '''Model''' heading, click on '''Cloud''' radio button. This will show the orbit as electron cloud.
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|Under '''Model''' heading, click on '''Cloud''' radio button.  
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This will show the orbit as electron cloud.
  
 
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|Add one more '''Electron''' in the 1st orbit. Now it is a '''Neutral''' atom but the atom is still labeled as '''Unstable'''.
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|Add one more '''Electron''' in the 1st orbit. Now it is a '''Neutral''' atom but the atom is still labelled as '''Unstable'''.
  
 
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| Remove one '''Proton''', one '''Electron''' and 2 '''Neutrons''' from the '''Helium''' atom. Now we have hydrogen atom, also called '''Protium'''.
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| Remove one '''Proton''', one '''Electron''' and 2 '''Neutrons''' from the '''Helium''' atom.  
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Now we have hydrogen atom, also called '''Protium'''.
  
 
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|Click on '''reset''' button at the bottom-right corner. This will reset the screen to default settings.  
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|Click on '''reset''' button at the bottom-right corner.  
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This will reset the screen to default settings.  
  
 
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|07:24
 
|07:24
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| Next, click on '''Symbol''' screen at the bottom of the interface. Using this screen, students can interpret atomic symbols.  
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| Next, click on '''Symbol''' screen at the bottom of the interface.  
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Using this screen, students can interpret atomic symbols.  
  
 
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|07:39
 
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|Atom of every element is represented by a '''symbol'''. It gives information about atomic number, mass number and charge.  
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|Atom of every element is represented by a '''symbol'''.  
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 +
It gives information about atomic number, mass number and charge.  
  
 
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|07:52
 
|07:52
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|The subscript number is called the atomic number. The superscript number is called the '''mass number'''.
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|The subscript number is called the atomic number.  
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The superscript number is called the '''mass number'''.
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Charge on the atom is shown on the top-right corner.  
 
Charge on the atom is shown on the top-right corner.  
  
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|Click on '''Game''' screen at the bottom of the interface. Four different games are available.
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|Click on '''Game''' screen at the bottom of the interface.
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Four different games are available.
  
 
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| A timer and a sound button are provided at the bottom-left corner of the screen.
 
| A timer and a sound button are provided at the bottom-left corner of the screen.
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Click on the timer button to enable the timer before the game starts.
 
Click on the timer button to enable the timer before the game starts.
  
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|10:04
 
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| The '''Spoken Tutorial Project '''team: conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and gives certificates on passing online tests. For more details, please write to us.
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| The '''Spoken Tutorial Project '''team: conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and gives certificates on passing online tests.  
 +
 
 +
For more details, please write to us.
  
 
|-
 
|-

Revision as of 17:01, 9 August 2018

Time Narration
00:01 Welcome to this tutorial on Build an Atom simulation.
00:06 In this tutorial, we will

demonstrate Build an Atom, Interactive PhET simulation.

00:13 To follow this tutorial, learners should be familiar with topics in high school science.
00:20 Here I am using-

Ubuntu Linux OS version 14.04

Java version 1.7.0

Firefox Web Browser Version 53.02.2.

00:36 Using this simulation, students will be able to:

1. Build an atom using protons, neutrons and electrons.

00:46 2. Identify an element and its position on the periodic table.
00:52 3.Determine whether an atom is neutral or an ion.

4. Predict the charge.

01:00 5. Determine the mass of an atom or ion.

6. Determine the stability of atom or ion created.

01:10 7. Represent the atomic symbols.

8. Create isotopes of an element.

01:17 Atoms are fundamental building blocks of matter.
01:21 Each atom consists of a small, dense, positively-charged nucleus.
01:27 Nucleus is surrounded by much lighter, negatively-charged electrons.
01:33 Nucleus may also contain neutrons.

Neutron has same mass as proton but it has no charge.

01:42 Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom defines the chemical element.
01:48 Chemical properties of an element arise due to number & arrangement of electrons.
01:55 Let us get started.
01:57 Use the given link to download the simulation.

http://phet.colorado.edu

02:01 I have already downloaded Build an Atom simulation to my Downloads folder.
02:07 To open the simulation, right click on build-an-atom_en.html file.
02:13 Select Open With Firefox Web Browser option. File opens in the browser.
02:21 This is the interface of Build-an-Atom simulation.
02:26 The interface has 3 screens-

Atom, Symbol and Game.

02:33 Let us begin our simulation with Atom screen.
02:37 Click on Atom screen.
02:40 Using this screen, students can- build atoms, determine the identity, net-charge and mass of an atom.
02:51 Atom screen shows a Bohr's model of an atom.
02:56 It shows position of nucleus and 2 orbits.
03:01 At the bottom of the screen, there are 3 containers with Protons, Neutrons and Electrons.
03:09 On the right-side, there are 3 panels- Element, Net charge and Mass Number.
03:18 To open the panel, click on the green plus sign located on top-right corner on each panel.
03:26 This allows you to view the changes as you change the number of particles.
03:33 At the bottom of the screen, you will see Show box.

In the box, click on Stable/Unstable check box.

03:42 The top left corner of the screen shows a box.
03:47 It shows the number of Protons, Neutrons and Electrons, we have used to create the atom.
03:56 Let us start by building Hydrogen atom.

From the Proton container, click on the Proton.

04:04 Drag and drop on the X mark, which represents the nucleus of an atom.
04:10 Simultaneously observe the changes in each of the panels.
04:16 Hydrogen atom is the simplest of all elements.

It has one electron in the first orbit and one proton in the nucleus.

04:27 Drag an Electron and place in the first orbit.

By default, the orbits are shown as circular dashed lines.

04:36 Under Model heading, click on Cloud radio button.

This will show the orbit as electron cloud.

04:44 Click on Orbits radio button to show the default orbits.
04:49 Observe all the panels on the screen.
04:53 Element box shows Hydrogen as Element.
04:57 Net charge is zero and is labeled as neutral atom. Mass number is one.
05:06 It also shows that the atom is Stable.
05:10 Now add one more Proton to the nucleus. The atom is shown as Unstable Helium Ion.
05:18 Add one more Electron in the 1st orbit. Now it is a Neutral atom but the atom is still labelled as Unstable.
05:28 Add a Neutron to the nucleus. The atom is now Stable.
05:34 The Mass Number shows 3, but we know that atomic mass of helium is 4. So, add another Neutron to the nucleus.
05:44 This completes the atomic structure of Helium atom.
05:49 Helium atom has 2 Protons, 2 Neutrons and 2 Electrons.
05:55 We can add Neutrons to the nucleus, to create isotopes of the same element.
06:01 Atoms of the same element that differ in neutrons are called isotopes.
06:07 Isotopes of same element have same chemical properties.
06:12 Remove one Proton, one Electron and 2 Neutrons from the Helium atom.

Now we have hydrogen atom, also called Protium.

06:25 Let us create isotopes of Hydrogen.
06:29 Hydrogen has three isotopes. Protium, Deuterium and Tritium.
06:36 Nucleus of Protium contains only one Proton.
06:39 Deuterium has one Proton and one Neutron. Tritium has one Proton and 2 Neutrons.
06:48 Add one Neutron to the nucleus. Deuterium atom is created.
06:55 It is Stable. Add another Neutron to the nucleus to create tritium. Tritium is unstable, as shown here.
07:06 As an assignment:

create a neutral carbon atom. Show isotopes of carbon.

07:14 Click on reset button at the bottom-right corner.

This will reset the screen to default settings.

07:24 Next, click on Symbol screen at the bottom of the interface.

Using this screen, students can interpret atomic symbols.

07:34 Notice that a Symbol panel is added on the screen.
07:39 Atom of every element is represented by a symbol.

It gives information about atomic number, mass number and charge.

07:52 The subscript number is called the atomic number.

The superscript number is called the mass number.

Charge on the atom is shown on the top-right corner.

08:06 The number of protons in an atom is its atomic number.
08:11 The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is its mass number.
08:18 Add Protons, Neutrons and Electrons to the atom.
08:24 Observe the Symbol panel.
08:26 Note the change in name of Element, atomic number, Mass Number and charge.
08:34 Now we will move on to the Game screen.
08:36 Click on Game screen at the bottom of the interface.

Four different games are available.

08:45 These games will test the knowledge gained using this simulation.
08:50 A timer and a sound button are provided at the bottom-left corner of the screen.

Click on the timer button to enable the timer before the game starts.

09:02 We can also control the sound by clicking on the sound symbol.
09:08 Click on each game screen and explore.
09:17 In this tutorial, we have learnt:

how to use Build an Atom, interactive PhET simulation.

09:24 Using this simulation, we have learnt to -

1. Build models of Hydrogen and Helium atoms.

2. Add or remove electrons to create ions.

3. Add or remove neutrons to create isotopes.

09:38 As an assignment:

create a neutral oxygen atom.

09:43 Add two electrons to the neutral atom.

Observe the change in parameters on various panels.

Try to remove electrons from the inner shells, observe the results.

09:56 The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. Please download and watch it.
10:04 The Spoken Tutorial Project team: conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and gives certificates on passing online tests.

For more details, please write to us.

10:18 Please post your timed queries on this forum.
10:22 This project is partially funded by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers and Teaching.
10:30 Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India. More information on this mission is available at this link.
10:41 This tutorial is contributed by Snehalatha kaliappan and Meenal Ghoderao, from IIT Bombay. Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Madhurig, PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Sandhya.np14, Snehalathak

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