Difference between revisions of "PhET/C2/Build-an-Atom/English-timed"

From Script | Spoken-Tutorial
Jump to: navigation, search
 
(4 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 5: Line 5:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|00:01
 
|00:01
−
| Welcome to this tutorial on ''''Build an Atom' simulation'''.  
+
| Welcome to this tutorial on '''Build an Atom simulation'''.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|00:06
 
|00:06
 
|In this tutorial, we will  
 
|In this tutorial, we will  
−
demonstrate '''Build an Atom, Interactive PhET simulation'''.  
+
demonstrate '''Build an Atom''', Interactive '''PhET simulation'''.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|00:13
+
|00:14
 
| To follow this tutorial, learners should be familiar with topics in high school science.  
 
| To follow this tutorial, learners should be familiar with topics in high school science.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|00:20
+
|00:21
 
| Here I am using-
 
| Here I am using-
  
−
'''Ubuntu Linux OS''' version 14.04
+
Ubuntu Linux OS version 14.04
  
−
'''Java''' version 1.7.0
+
|-
 +
|00:28
 +
| Java version 1.7.0
  
−
'''Firefox Web Browser''' Version 53.02.2.
+
|-
 +
|00:33
 +
| Firefox Web Browser Version 53.02.2
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|00:36
+
|00:39
−
|  Using this simulation, students will be able to:
+
|  Using this simulation, students will be able to: Build an atom using protons, neutrons and electrons.
−
build an atom using protons, neutrons and electrons,
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|00:46
+
|00:49
−
| identify an element and its position on the periodic table,
+
| Identify an element and its position on the periodic table.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|00:52
+
|00:55
−
| determine whether an atom is neutral or an ion, predict the charge, 
+
| Determine whether an atom is neutral or an ion.
 +
 
 +
Predict the charge.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|01:00
+
|01:03
−
|determine the mass of an atom or ion, determine the stability of atom or ion created,
+
| Determine the mass of an atom or ion.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|01:10
+
|01:07
−
|represent the atomic symbols, create isotopes of an element.
+
| Determine the stability of atom or ion created.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|01:17
+
|01:12
 +
| Represent the atomic symbols.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|01:15
 +
|  Create isotopes of an element.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|01:19
 
| Atoms are fundamental building blocks of matter.
 
| Atoms are fundamental building blocks of matter.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|01:21
+
|01:23
 
|Each atom consists of a small, dense, positively-charged nucleus.
 
|Each atom consists of a small, dense, positively-charged nucleus.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|01:27
+
|01:30
 
|Nucleus is surrounded by much lighter, negatively-charged electrons.
 
|Nucleus is surrounded by much lighter, negatively-charged electrons.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|01:33
+
|01:37
−
|Nucleus may also contain neutrons. Neutron has same mass as proton but it has no charge.
+
|Nucleus may also contain neutrons.  
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|01:41
 +
| Neutron has same mass as proton but it has no charge.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|01:42
+
|01:47
 
| Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom defines the chemical element.
 
| Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom defines the chemical element.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|01:48
+
|01:53
 
| Chemical properties of an element arise due to number & arrangement of electrons.
 
| Chemical properties of an element arise due to number & arrangement of electrons.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|01:55
+
|02:00
 
|  Let us get started.
 
|  Let us get started.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|01:57
+
|02:03
 
|  Use the given link to download the simulation.  
 
|  Use the given link to download the simulation.  
−
[http://phet.colorado.edu/ http://phet.colorado.edu]
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|02:01
+
|02:07
 
| I have already downloaded '''Build an Atom''' simulation to my '''Downloads''' folder.
 
| I have already downloaded '''Build an Atom''' simulation to my '''Downloads''' folder.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|02:07
+
|02:15
−
| To open the simulation, right click on '''build-an-atom_en.html''' file.
+
| To open the simulation, right click on '''build-an-atom html''' file.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|02:13
+
|02:21
 
| Select '''Open With Firefox Web Browser''' option. File opens in the browser.  
 
| Select '''Open With Firefox Web Browser''' option. File opens in the browser.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|02:21
+
|02:29
 
| This is the interface of '''Build-an-Atom''' simulation.
 
| This is the interface of '''Build-an-Atom''' simulation.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|02:26
+
|02:34
 
| The interface has 3 screens-  
 
| The interface has 3 screens-  
  
Line 103: Line 120:
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|02:33
+
|02:42
 
|Let us begin our simulation with '''Atom''' screen.
 
|Let us begin our simulation with '''Atom''' screen.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|02:37
+
|02:46
 
| Click on '''Atom''' screen.  
 
| Click on '''Atom''' screen.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|02:40
+
|02:49
 
|Using this screen, students can- build atoms, determine the identity, net-charge and mass of an atom.
 
|Using this screen, students can- build atoms, determine the identity, net-charge and mass of an atom.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|02:51
+
|03:00
−
|'''Atom''' screen shows a Bohr's model of an atom.
+
|'''Atom''' screen shows a '''Bohr's''' model of an atom.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|02:56
+
|03:05
 
|It shows position of nucleus and 2 orbits.
 
|It shows position of nucleus and 2 orbits.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|03:01
+
|03:10
 
|At the bottom of the screen, there are 3 containers with  '''Protons''',  '''Neutrons''' and '''Electrons'''.
 
|At the bottom of the screen, there are 3 containers with  '''Protons''',  '''Neutrons''' and '''Electrons'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|03:09
+
|03:18
 
| On the right-side, there are 3 panels- '''Element''', '''Net charge''' and '''Mass Number'''.
 
| On the right-side, there are 3 panels- '''Element''', '''Net charge''' and '''Mass Number'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|03:18
+
|03:27
 
|To open the panel, click on the green plus sign located on top-right corner on each panel.
 
|To open the panel, click on the green plus sign located on top-right corner on each panel.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|03:26
+
|03:35
 
|This allows you to view the changes as you change the number of particles.
 
|This allows you to view the changes as you change the number of particles.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|03:33
+
|03:41
−
|At the bottom of the screen, you will see '''Show''' box. In the box, click on '''Stable/Unstable''' check box.
+
|At the bottom of the screen, you will see '''Show''' box.  
 +
 
 +
In the box, click on '''Stable/Unstable''' check box.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|03:42
+
|03:52
 
|The top left corner of the screen shows a box.  
 
|The top left corner of the screen shows a box.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|03:47
+
|03:56
 
|It shows the number of '''Protons''', '''Neutrons''' and '''Electrons''', we have used to create the atom.
 
|It shows the number of '''Protons''', '''Neutrons''' and '''Electrons''', we have used to create the atom.
 +
 
|-
 
|-
−
|03:56
+
|04:05
−
| Let us start by building '''Hydrogen''' atom. From the '''Proton''' container, click on the '''Proton'''.
+
| Let us start by building '''Hydrogen''' atom.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|04:04
+
|04:09
 +
| From the '''Proton''' container, click on the '''Proton'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|04:14
 
|Drag and drop on the '''X''' mark, which represents the nucleus of an atom.
 
|Drag and drop on the '''X''' mark, which represents the nucleus of an atom.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|04:10
+
|04:20
 
|Simultaneously observe the changes in each of the panels.
 
|Simultaneously observe the changes in each of the panels.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|04:16
+
|04:27
−
| Hydrogen atom is the simplest of all elements. It has one electron in the first orbit and one proton in the nucleus.  
+
| Hydrogen atom is the simplest of all elements.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|04:27
+
|04:32
−
| Drag an '''Electron''' and place in the first orbit. By default, the orbits are shown as circular dashed lines.
+
| It has one electron in the first orbit and one proton in the nucleus.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|04:36
+
|04:39
−
|Under '''Model''' heading, click on '''Cloud''' radio button. This will show the orbit as electron cloud.
+
| Drag an '''Electron''' and place in the first orbit.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|04:44
 
|04:44
 +
| By default, the orbits are shown as circular dashed lines.
 +
 +
|-
 +
|04:50
 +
|Under '''Model''' heading, click on '''Cloud''' radio button.
 +
 +
|-
 +
|04:55
 +
| This will show the orbit as electron cloud.
 +
 +
|-
 +
|04:59
 
|Click on '''Orbits''' radio button to show the default orbits.
 
|Click on '''Orbits''' radio button to show the default orbits.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|04:49
+
|05:05
−
| Observe all the '''panel'''s on the '''screen'''.
+
| Observe all the '''panels''' on the '''screen'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|04:53
+
|05:09
 
|'''Element''' box shows '''Hydrogen''' as '''Element'''.
 
|'''Element''' box shows '''Hydrogen''' as '''Element'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|04:57
+
|05:13
−
|'''Net charge''' is zero and is labeled as neutral atom. '''Mass number''' is one.
+
|'''Net charge''' is zero and is labeled as neutral atom.  
 +
 
 +
'''Mass number''' is one.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|05:06
+
|05:22
 
|It also shows that the atom is '''Stable'''.
 
|It also shows that the atom is '''Stable'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|05:10
+
|05:26
 
| Now add one more '''Proton''' to the nucleus. The atom is shown as '''Unstable Helium Ion'''.
 
| Now add one more '''Proton''' to the nucleus. The atom is shown as '''Unstable Helium Ion'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|05:18
+
|05:35
−
|Add one more '''Electron''' in the 1st orbit. Now it is a '''Neutral''' atom but the atom is still labeled as '''Unstable'''.
+
|Add one more '''Electron''' in the 1st orbit.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|05:28
+
|05:40
 +
|Now it is a '''Neutral''' atom but the atom is still labelled as '''Unstable'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|05:47
 
|Add a '''Neutron''' to the nucleus. The atom is now '''Stable'''.  
 
|Add a '''Neutron''' to the nucleus. The atom is now '''Stable'''.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|05:34
+
|05:53
 
|The '''Mass Number''' shows 3, but we know that atomic mass of helium is 4.  So, add another '''Neutron''' to the nucleus.  
 
|The '''Mass Number''' shows 3, but we know that atomic mass of helium is 4.  So, add another '''Neutron''' to the nucleus.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|05:44
+
|06:04
 
|This completes the atomic structure of '''Helium''' atom.
 
|This completes the atomic structure of '''Helium''' atom.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|05:49
+
|06:09
 
|Helium atom has 2 Protons, 2 Neutrons and 2 Electrons.  
 
|Helium atom has 2 Protons, 2 Neutrons and 2 Electrons.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|05:55
+
|06:16
 
| We can add '''Neutrons''' to the nucleus, to create isotopes of the same element.
 
| We can add '''Neutrons''' to the nucleus, to create isotopes of the same element.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|06:01
+
|06:23
 
|Atoms of the same element that differ in neutrons are called isotopes.  
 
|Atoms of the same element that differ in neutrons are called isotopes.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|06:07
+
|06:29
 
|Isotopes of same element have same chemical properties.
 
|Isotopes of same element have same chemical properties.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|06:12
+
|06:35
−
| Remove one '''Proton''', one '''Electron''' and 2 '''Neutrons''' from the '''Helium''' atom. Now we have hydrogen atom, also called '''Protium'''.
+
| Remove one '''Proton''', one '''Electron''' and 2 '''Neutrons''' from the '''Helium''' atom.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|06:25
+
|06:43
 +
| Now we have hydrogen atom, also called '''Protium'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|06:49
 
| Let us create '''isotopes''' of '''Hydrogen'''.
 
| Let us create '''isotopes''' of '''Hydrogen'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|06:29
+
|06:53
 
| '''Hydrogen''' has three isotopes. '''Protium''', '''Deuterium''' and '''Tritium'''.
 
| '''Hydrogen''' has three isotopes. '''Protium''', '''Deuterium''' and '''Tritium'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|06:36
+
|07:00
 
|Nucleus of '''Protium''' contains only one '''Proton'''.
 
|Nucleus of '''Protium''' contains only one '''Proton'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|06:39
+
|07:04
−
|'''Deuterium''' has one '''Proton''' and one '''Neutron'''. '''Tritium''' has one '''Proton''' and 2 '''Neutrons'''.
+
|'''Deuterium''' has one '''Proton''' and one '''Neutron'''.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|06:48
+
|07:09
 +
| '''Tritium''' has one '''Proton''' and 2 '''Neutrons'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|07:15
 
| Add one '''Neutron''' to the nucleus. '''Deuterium''' atom is created.  
 
| Add one '''Neutron''' to the nucleus. '''Deuterium''' atom is created.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|06:55
+
|07:22
−
|It is '''Stable'''. Add another '''Neutron''' to the nucleus to create '''tritium'''. '''Tritium''' is unstable, as shown here.
+
|It is '''Stable'''. Add another '''Neutron''' to the nucleus to create '''tritium'''.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|07:06
+
|07:29
−
| As an assignment:
+
| '''Tritium''' is unstable, as shown here.
−
create a neutral carbon atom. Show isotopes of carbon.  
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|07:14
+
|07:34
−
|Click on '''reset''' button at the bottom-right corner. This will reset the screen to default settings.  
+
| As an assignment: Create a neutral carbon atom. Show isotopes of carbon.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|07:24
+
|07:43
−
| Next, click on '''Symbol''' screen at the bottom of the interface. Using this screen, students can interpret atomic symbols.  
+
|Click on '''reset''' button at the bottom-right corner.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|07:34
+
|07:48
 +
| This will reset the screen to default settings.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|07:53
 +
| Next, click on '''Symbol''' screen at the bottom of the interface.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|07:59
 +
| Using this screen, students can interpret atomic symbols.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|08:05
 
| Notice that a '''Symbol''' panel is added on the screen.
 
| Notice that a '''Symbol''' panel is added on the screen.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|07:39
+
|08:10
−
|Atom of every element is represented by a '''symbol'''. It gives information about atomic number, mass number and charge.  
+
|Atom of every element is represented by a '''symbol'''.  
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|08:15
 +
| It gives information about atomic number, mass number and charge.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|08:23
 +
|The subscript number is called the atomic number.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|08:27
 +
| The superscript number is called the '''mass number'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|07:52
+
|08:32
−
|The subscript number is called the atomic number. The superscript number is called the '''mass number'''.
+
| Charge on the atom is shown on the top-right corner.  
−
Charge on the atom is shown on the top-right corner.  
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|08:06
+
|08:37
 
| The number of protons in an atom is its atomic number.
 
| The number of protons in an atom is its atomic number.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|08:11
+
|08:42
 
|The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is its mass number.
 
|The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is its mass number.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|08:18
+
|08:49
 
|  Add '''Protons''', '''Neutrons''' and '''Electrons''' to the atom.
 
|  Add '''Protons''', '''Neutrons''' and '''Electrons''' to the atom.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|08:24
+
|08:55
 
|Observe the '''Symbol''' panel.
 
|Observe the '''Symbol''' panel.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|08:26
+
|08:58
 
|Note the change in name of '''Element''', atomic number, '''Mass Number''' and charge.
 
|Note the change in name of '''Element''', atomic number, '''Mass Number''' and charge.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|08:34
+
|09:06
 
| Now we will move on to the '''Game''' screen.
 
| Now we will move on to the '''Game''' screen.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|08:36
+
|09:10
−
|Click on '''Game''' screen at the bottom of the interface. Four different games are available.
+
|Click on '''Game''' screen at the bottom of the interface.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|08:45
+
|09:15
 +
| Four different games are available.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|09:18
 
|These games will test the knowledge gained using this simulation.
 
|These games will test the knowledge gained using this simulation.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|08:50
+
|09:24
 
| A timer and a sound button are provided at the bottom-left corner of the screen.
 
| A timer and a sound button are provided at the bottom-left corner of the screen.
−
Click on the timer button to enable the timer before the game starts.
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|09:02
+
|09:31
 +
| Click on the timer button to enable the timer before the game starts.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|09:37
 
|We can also control the sound by clicking on the sound symbol.
 
|We can also control the sound by clicking on the sound symbol.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|09:08
+
|09:42
 
| Click on each game screen and explore.
 
| Click on each game screen and explore.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|09:17
+
|09:50
−
| In this tutorial, we have learnt:
+
| In this tutorial, we have learnt: how to use '''Build an Atom''', interactive PhET simulation.
−
how to use '''Build an Atom''', interactive PhET simulation.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|09:24
+
|09:59
−
| Using this simulation, we have learnt to -
+
| Using this simulation, we have learnt to - Build models of Hydrogen and Helium atoms.
  
−
build models of Hydrogen and Helium atoms,
+
|-
 +
|10:07
 +
|  Add or remove electrons to create ions.
  
−
add or remove electrons to create ions,
+
|-
−
 
+
| 10:11
−
add or remove neutrons to create isotopes.
+
| Add or remove neutrons to create isotopes.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|09:38
+
|10:16
−
| As an assignment:
+
| As an assignment: create a neutral oxygen atom.
−
create a neutral oxygen atom.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|09:43
+
|10:21
 
|Add two electrons to the neutral atom.
 
|Add two electrons to the neutral atom.
  
−
Observe the change in parameters on various panels.
+
|-
 +
|10:25
 +
| Observe the change in parameters on various panels.
  
−
Try to remove electrons from the inner shells, observe the results.
+
|-
 +
|10:30
 +
| Try to remove electrons from the inner shells, observe the results.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|09:56
+
|10:37
 
| The video at the following link summarizes the '''Spoken Tutorial''' project. Please download and watch it.
 
| The video at the following link summarizes the '''Spoken Tutorial''' project. Please download and watch it.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|10:04
+
|10:46
−
| The '''Spoken Tutorial Project '''team: conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and gives certificates on passing online tests. For more details, please write to us.
+
| The '''Spoken Tutorial Project '''team: conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and gives certificates on passing online tests.  
 +
 
 +
For more details, please write to us.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|10:18
+
|11:00
 
| Please post your timed queries on this forum.
 
| Please post your timed queries on this forum.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|10:22
+
|11:04
 
| This project is partially funded by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers and Teaching.
 
| This project is partially funded by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers and Teaching.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|10:30
+
|11:12
 
| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India. More information on this mission is available at this link.
 
| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India. More information on this mission is available at this link.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|10:41
+
|11:24
 
| This tutorial is contributed by Snehalatha kaliappan and Meenal Ghoderao, from IIT Bombay. Thank you for joining.  
 
| This tutorial is contributed by Snehalatha kaliappan and Meenal Ghoderao, from IIT Bombay. Thank you for joining.  
 +
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}

Latest revision as of 16:37, 22 November 2019

Time Narration
00:01 Welcome to this tutorial on Build an Atom simulation.
00:06 In this tutorial, we will

demonstrate Build an Atom, Interactive PhET simulation.

00:14 To follow this tutorial, learners should be familiar with topics in high school science.
00:21 Here I am using-

Ubuntu Linux OS version 14.04

00:28 Java version 1.7.0
00:33 Firefox Web Browser Version 53.02.2
00:39 Using this simulation, students will be able to: Build an atom using protons, neutrons and electrons.
00:49 Identify an element and its position on the periodic table.
00:55 Determine whether an atom is neutral or an ion.

Predict the charge.

01:03 Determine the mass of an atom or ion.
01:07 Determine the stability of atom or ion created.
01:12 Represent the atomic symbols.
01:15 Create isotopes of an element.
01:19 Atoms are fundamental building blocks of matter.
01:23 Each atom consists of a small, dense, positively-charged nucleus.
01:30 Nucleus is surrounded by much lighter, negatively-charged electrons.
01:37 Nucleus may also contain neutrons.
01:41 Neutron has same mass as proton but it has no charge.
01:47 Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom defines the chemical element.
01:53 Chemical properties of an element arise due to number & arrangement of electrons.
02:00 Let us get started.
02:03 Use the given link to download the simulation.


02:07 I have already downloaded Build an Atom simulation to my Downloads folder.
02:15 To open the simulation, right click on build-an-atom html file.
02:21 Select Open With Firefox Web Browser option. File opens in the browser.
02:29 This is the interface of Build-an-Atom simulation.
02:34 The interface has 3 screens-

Atom, Symbol and Game.

02:42 Let us begin our simulation with Atom screen.
02:46 Click on Atom screen.
02:49 Using this screen, students can- build atoms, determine the identity, net-charge and mass of an atom.
03:00 Atom screen shows a Bohr's model of an atom.
03:05 It shows position of nucleus and 2 orbits.
03:10 At the bottom of the screen, there are 3 containers with Protons, Neutrons and Electrons.
03:18 On the right-side, there are 3 panels- Element, Net charge and Mass Number.
03:27 To open the panel, click on the green plus sign located on top-right corner on each panel.
03:35 This allows you to view the changes as you change the number of particles.
03:41 At the bottom of the screen, you will see Show box.

In the box, click on Stable/Unstable check box.

03:52 The top left corner of the screen shows a box.
03:56 It shows the number of Protons, Neutrons and Electrons, we have used to create the atom.
04:05 Let us start by building Hydrogen atom.
04:09 From the Proton container, click on the Proton.
04:14 Drag and drop on the X mark, which represents the nucleus of an atom.
04:20 Simultaneously observe the changes in each of the panels.
04:27 Hydrogen atom is the simplest of all elements.
04:32 It has one electron in the first orbit and one proton in the nucleus.
04:39 Drag an Electron and place in the first orbit.
04:44 By default, the orbits are shown as circular dashed lines.
04:50 Under Model heading, click on Cloud radio button.
04:55 This will show the orbit as electron cloud.
04:59 Click on Orbits radio button to show the default orbits.
05:05 Observe all the panels on the screen.
05:09 Element box shows Hydrogen as Element.
05:13 Net charge is zero and is labeled as neutral atom.

Mass number is one.

05:22 It also shows that the atom is Stable.
05:26 Now add one more Proton to the nucleus. The atom is shown as Unstable Helium Ion.
05:35 Add one more Electron in the 1st orbit.
05:40 Now it is a Neutral atom but the atom is still labelled as Unstable.
05:47 Add a Neutron to the nucleus. The atom is now Stable.
05:53 The Mass Number shows 3, but we know that atomic mass of helium is 4. So, add another Neutron to the nucleus.
06:04 This completes the atomic structure of Helium atom.
06:09 Helium atom has 2 Protons, 2 Neutrons and 2 Electrons.
06:16 We can add Neutrons to the nucleus, to create isotopes of the same element.
06:23 Atoms of the same element that differ in neutrons are called isotopes.
06:29 Isotopes of same element have same chemical properties.
06:35 Remove one Proton, one Electron and 2 Neutrons from the Helium atom.
06:43 Now we have hydrogen atom, also called Protium.
06:49 Let us create isotopes of Hydrogen.
06:53 Hydrogen has three isotopes. Protium, Deuterium and Tritium.
07:00 Nucleus of Protium contains only one Proton.
07:04 Deuterium has one Proton and one Neutron.
07:09 Tritium has one Proton and 2 Neutrons.
07:15 Add one Neutron to the nucleus. Deuterium atom is created.
07:22 It is Stable. Add another Neutron to the nucleus to create tritium.
07:29 Tritium is unstable, as shown here.
07:34 As an assignment: Create a neutral carbon atom. Show isotopes of carbon.
07:43 Click on reset button at the bottom-right corner.
07:48 This will reset the screen to default settings.
07:53 Next, click on Symbol screen at the bottom of the interface.
07:59 Using this screen, students can interpret atomic symbols.
08:05 Notice that a Symbol panel is added on the screen.
08:10 Atom of every element is represented by a symbol.
08:15 It gives information about atomic number, mass number and charge.
08:23 The subscript number is called the atomic number.
08:27 The superscript number is called the mass number.
08:32 Charge on the atom is shown on the top-right corner.
08:37 The number of protons in an atom is its atomic number.
08:42 The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is its mass number.
08:49 Add Protons, Neutrons and Electrons to the atom.
08:55 Observe the Symbol panel.
08:58 Note the change in name of Element, atomic number, Mass Number and charge.
09:06 Now we will move on to the Game screen.
09:10 Click on Game screen at the bottom of the interface.
09:15 Four different games are available.
09:18 These games will test the knowledge gained using this simulation.
09:24 A timer and a sound button are provided at the bottom-left corner of the screen.
09:31 Click on the timer button to enable the timer before the game starts.
09:37 We can also control the sound by clicking on the sound symbol.
09:42 Click on each game screen and explore.
09:50 In this tutorial, we have learnt: how to use Build an Atom, interactive PhET simulation.
09:59 Using this simulation, we have learnt to - Build models of Hydrogen and Helium atoms.
10:07 Add or remove electrons to create ions.
10:11 Add or remove neutrons to create isotopes.
10:16 As an assignment: create a neutral oxygen atom.
10:21 Add two electrons to the neutral atom.
10:25 Observe the change in parameters on various panels.
10:30 Try to remove electrons from the inner shells, observe the results.
10:37 The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. Please download and watch it.
10:46 The Spoken Tutorial Project team: conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and gives certificates on passing online tests.

For more details, please write to us.

11:00 Please post your timed queries on this forum.
11:04 This project is partially funded by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers and Teaching.
11:12 Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India. More information on this mission is available at this link.
11:24 This tutorial is contributed by Snehalatha kaliappan and Meenal Ghoderao, from IIT Bombay. Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Madhurig, PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Sandhya.np14, Snehalathak

Retrieved from "https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=PhET/C2/Build-an-Atom/English-timed&oldid=50017"