Difference between revisions of "Biopython/C2/Manipulating-Sequences/Khasi"

From Script | Spoken-Tutorial
Jump to: navigation, search
(Created page with "{| Border=1 |'''Time''' |'''Narration''' |- | 00:01 | Welcome to this tutorial on '''Manipulating Sequences.''' (Ngi pdiang sngewbha ia phi sha kane ka tutorial jong ka '''M...")
 
 
(3 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
{| Border=1
 
−
|'''Time'''
 
−
|'''Narration'''
 
  
 +
{| border=1
 +
| '''Time'''
 +
| '''Narration'''
 +
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 00:01
+
| 00:01  
−
| Welcome to this tutorial on '''Manipulating Sequences.'''
+
| Ngi pdiang sngewbha ia phi sha kane ka tutorial halor ka '''Manipulating Sequences.'''
−
(Ngi pdiang sngewbha ia phi sha kane ka tutorial jong  ka '''Manipulating Sequences.''')
+
−
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 00:06
+
| 00:06  
−
| In this tutorial, we will use '''Biopython''' tools: To generate a random DNA sequence
+
| Ha kane ka tutorial, ngin pyndonkam ki tools ka '''Biopython''': Ban pynmih ia u random DNA sequence
−
(Ha kane ka tutorial, ngin pyndonkam ki tools ka '''Biopython''': Ban pynmih ia u random DNA sequence)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:13
 
| 00:13
−
| Slice a DNA sequence at specified locations
+
| Phiah ia u DNA sequence ha ki jaka ba lah buh
−
(Phiah ia u DNA sequence ha ki jaka ba lah bynshet )
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:17
 
| 00:17
−
| Join two sequences together to form a new sequence that is to concatenate
+
| Pyndait lang ia artylli ki sequences ban pynlong kawei ka sequence ba thymmai
−
(Pyndait lang ia artylli ki sequences ban pynlong kawei ka sequence ba thymmai)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:22
 
| 00:22
−
| Find the length of the sequence
+
| Wad ia ka jingjrong jong ka sequence
−
(Wad ia ka jingjrong jong ka sequence)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:26
 
| 00:26
−
| Count the number of individual '''base'''s or part of the '''string'''
+
| Niew ia ki number jong ki  '''base''' lane ki dkhot jong u '''string'''
−
( Niew ia ki number jong ki  '''base''' s  lane ki dkhot jong u '''string''')
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:31
 
| 00:31
−
| Find a particular base or part of the string.
+
| Wad ia u base ba la thmu lane bynta jong u string
−
(Wad ia u base uba bniah  lane bynta jong u string)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:35
 
| 00:35
−
| Convert a '''sequence object''' to a mutable sequence object.
+
| Pynkylla ia ka '''sequence object''' sha ka mutable sequence object
−
(Pynkylla ia ka '''sequence object''' sha ka mutable sequence object)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:40
 
| 00:40
−
| To follow this tutorial, you should be familiar with undergraduate Biochemistry or Bioinformatics
+
| Ban bud ia kane ka tutorial, phi dei ban tip bha ia ka undergraduate Biochemistry lane Bioinformatics
−
(Ban sngewthuh  ia kane ka tutorial, phi dei ban long kiba shemphang ha  ka undergraduate Biochemistry lane Bioinformatics)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:47
 
| 00:47
−
|and basic Python programming.
+
| Bad ka basic Python programming
−
(Bad ka basic Python programming)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  00:51
 
|  00:51
−
|If not, refer to the '''Python''' tutorials at the given link.
+
| Lada em, peit ia ki tutorials '''Python''' ha ka link ba la ai
−
(lem kumta, pyndonkam da ka nuksa  '''Python''' ha ka link ba bud )
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:56
 
| 00:56
−
| To record this tutorial, I am using: * '''Ubuntu OS''' version 14.10
+
| Ban record ia kane ka tutorial, nga pyndonkam da ka * '''Ubuntu OS''' version 14.10
−
(Ban record ia kane ka nuksa , nga pyndonkam da ka * '''Ubuntu OS''' version 14.10)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 01:03
 
| 01:03
 
| '''Python''' version 2.7.8
 
| '''Python''' version 2.7.8
−
('''Python''' version 2.7.8)
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 01:07
 
| 01:07
 
| '''Ipython interpreter''' version 2.3.0
 
| '''Ipython interpreter''' version 2.3.0
−
('''Ipython interpreter''' version 2.3.0)
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 01:12
 
| 01:12
−
|'''Biopython''' version 1.64.
+
| '''Biopython''' version 1.64.
−
('''Biopython''' version 1.64.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 01:16
 
| 01:16
−
|Let me open the '''terminal''' and start '''ipython interpreter'''.
+
| To ngin ia plie iaka '''terminal''' bad sdang ia ka '''ipython interpreter'''
−
(To ngin ia plie iaka '''terminal''' bad sdang ia ka '''ipython interpreter''')
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 01:21
 
| 01:21
−
|Press '''Ctrl, Alt''' and '''t''' keys simultaneously.
+
| Nion lang ia u '''Ctrl, Alt''' and '''t''' key
−
(Nion sah  ia u '''Ctrl, Alt''' and '''t''' key)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|01:26
 
|01:26
−
|At the prompt, type: "ipython" and press '''Enter'''.
+
| Ha ka prompt, type: "ipython" bad sa nion '''Enter'''
−
(Ha ka prompt, type: "ipython" bad sa nion '''Enter''')
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 01:31
 
| 01:31
−
|'''Ipython''' prompt appears on the screen.
+
| Ka '''Ipython''' prompt kan sa mih ha ka screen
−
(Ka '''Ipython''' prompt kan sa mih ha ka screen)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 01:35
 
| 01:35
−
|Using Biopython, we can generate a '''sequence object''' for a random DNA sequence of any specified length.
+
| Da kaba pyndonkam ia ka Biopython, ngi lah ban pynmih ia ka '''sequence object''' na ka bynta ka random DNA sequence ha kano kano ka jingjrong   
−
(Da kaba pyndonkam ia ka Biopython, ngi lah ban pynmih ia ka '''sequence object''' na ka bynta ka random DNA sequence ha kano kano ka jingjrong)  
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 01:44
 
| 01:44
−
|Let us now generate a sequence object for a DNA sequence of 20 bases.
+
| To mynta ngin ia pynmih ia ka sequence object na ka bynta ka DNA sequence kaba 20 bases
−
(To ngin ia pynmih ia ka sequence object na ka bynta ka DNA sequence kaba 20 bases)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|01:50
+
| 01:50
−
|At the prompt, type: "import random", press '''Enter'''.
+
| Ha ka prompt, type: "import random", bad nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Ha ka prompt, type: "import random", bad nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 01:56
 
| 01:56
−
| Next, import '''Seq '''module from '''Bio '''package.
+
| Nangta, import '''Seq '''module na '''Bio '''package.
−
(Nangta, import '''Seq '''module na '''Bio '''package.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 02:01
 
| 02:01
−
|Often '''Seq''' is pronounced as '''seek'''.
+
| Bunsien '''Seq''' ngi ju pronounce kum '''seek'''.
−
(Barabor  '''Seq''' ngi shait ong  '''seek'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 02:06
 
| 02:06
−
| At the prompt, type: '''From Bio dot Seq import Seq'''. Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Ha ka prompt, type: '''From Bio dot Seq import Seq'''. Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Ha ka prompt, type: '''From Bio dot Seq import Seq'''. Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 02:15
 
| 02:15
−
| We will use '''Bio.Alphabet''' module to specify the alphabets in the DNA sequence.
+
| Ngin pyndonkam da ka '''Bio.Alphabet''' module ban pyntikna ia ki alphabets ha ka DNA sequence
−
(Ngin pyndonkam da ka '''Bio.Alphabet''' module ban pyntikna ia ki alphabets ha ka DNA sequence)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 02:22
 
| 02:22
−
| Type: '''from Bio dot Alphabet import generic underscore dna.''' Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Type: '''from Bio dot Alphabet import generic underscore dna.''' Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Type: '''from Bio dot Alphabet import generic underscore dna.''' Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 02:32
 
| 02:32
−
| Type the following '''command''' to create a sequence object for the random DNA sequence.
+
| Type ia ki '''command''' harum ban shna ia ka sequence object na ka bynta ka randon DNA sequence.  
−
(Type kumne harum '''command''' ban shna ia ka sequence object na ka bynta ka DNA sequence. )
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 02:38
 
| 02:38
−
|Store the sequence in a variable '''dna1'''.
+
|  Buh ia ka sequence ha ka variable '''dna1'''
−
(Pynlang ia ka sequence ha ka variable '''dna1''')
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 02:42
 
| 02:42
−
|Please note: in this command, use two single quotes instead of a double quote. Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Sngewbha peit: ha kane ka command, pyndonkam ar tylli ki single quotes ha ka jaka ka double quote. Nion '''Enter'''
−
(Sngewbha peit: ha kane ka command, pyndonkam ar tylli ki single quotes ha ka jaka ka double quote. Nion '''Enter''')
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 02:50
 
| 02:50
−
| For the output, type: '''dna1'''. Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Na ka bynta ka output, type: '''dna1'''. Nion '''Enter'''
−
(Na ka bynta ka output, type: '''dna1'''. Nion '''Enter''')
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 02:55
 
| 02:55
−
| The output shows the '''sequence object''' for the random DNA sequence.
+
| Ka output ka pyni ia ka '''sequence object''' na ka bynta ka random DNA sequence.  
−
(Ka output ka pyni ia ka '''sequence object''' na ka bynta ka random DNA sequence. )
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:00
 
| 03:00
−
| If you want a new sequence, press up-arrow key to get the same command as above. Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Lada phi kwah ka sequence ba thymmai, nion u up-arrow key ban ioh ia ka juh ka command kum haneng. Nion '''Enter'''.  
−
(Lada phi kwah ka sequence ba thymmai, nion u up-arrow key ban ioh ia ka juh ka command kum haneng. Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:11
 
| 03:11
−
|For the output, type the variable name '''dna1.''' Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Na ka bynta ka output, type ia ka kyrteng ka variable '''dna1.''' Nion '''Enter'''
−
(Na ka bynta ka output, type ia ka kyrteng ka variable '''dna1.''' Nion '''Enter''')
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:17
 
| 03:17
−
| The output shows a new DNA sequence which is different from the first one.
+
| Ka output ka pyni iaka DNA sequence ba thymmai kaba pher na kaba nyngkong.
−
(Ka output ka pyni iaka DNA sequence ba thymmai kaba pher na kaba nyngkong.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:23
 
| 03:23
−
| About '''Sequence Objects''':
+
| Shaphang ka '''Sequence Objects'''
−
(Shaphang ka '''Sequence Objects''')
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:25
 
| 03:25
−
|The '''sequence objects''' usually act like normal '''Python string'''s.
+
| Ka '''sequence objects''' ha ka jingshisha ka long kum ka '''Python string'''s.
−
(Ka '''sequence objects''' ha ka jingshisha ka long beit  '''Python string'''s.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:30
 
| 03:30
−
|So, follow the normal conventions as you do for Python strings.
+
| Te, bud beit ia ka rukom leh kumba leh ia ka Python strings.
−
(Te, bud beit ia ka rukom leh kumba leh ia ka Python strings.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:35
 
| 03:35
−
|In Python, we count the characters in the string starting from 0, instead of 1.
+
| Ha ka Python, ngi niew ia ki characters ha ka string kaba sdang na 0, ha jaka u 1.
−
(Ha ka Python, ngi niew ia ki characters ha ka string kaba sdang na 0, ha jaka u 1.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:41
 
| 03:41
−
|The first character in the sequence is position zero.
+
| U character ba nyngkong ha ka sequence u dei u zero.
−
(U character ba nyngkong ha ka sequence u dei u zero.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:45
 
| 03:45
−
| Back to the terminal.
+
| Phai biang sha ka terminal.
−
(Phai biang sha ka terminal.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:47
 
| 03:47
−
|Often you may need to work with only a part of the sequence.
+
| Teng teng ngi hap ban trei tang shi bynta jong ka sequence
−
(Teng teng ngi hap ban trei tang shi bynta jong ka sequence)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:52
 
| 03:52
−
|Now, let's see how to extract parts of the string and store them as sequence objects.
+
| Mynta, ngin ia peit kumno ban sei ia ki bynta jong ka string bad buh ia ki kum ki sequence objects.
−
(Mynta, ngin ia peit kumno ban sei ia ki dkhot  jong ka string bad buh ia ki kum ki sequence objects.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:58
 
| 03:58
−
|For example, we will '''slice''' the DNA sequence at two positions.
+
| Nuksa, ngin '''slice''' ia ka DNA sequence ha ki ar bynta.
−
(Nuksa, ngin '''slice''' ia ka DNA sequence ha ki ar bynta.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 04:04
 
| 04:04
−
|First, between bases 6 and 7.
+
| Nyngkong, hapdeng ki bases 6 bad 7.
−
(Nyngkong, hapdeng ki bases 6 bad 7.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 04:08
 
| 04:08
−
|This will extract a fragment from the beginning of the sequence to the 6th base in the sequence.
+
| Kane kan sei ia ka fragment na kaba sdang jong ka sequence sha ka base ba 6 ha ka sequence.
−
(Kane kan sei ia ka fragment na kaba sdang jong ka sequence sha ka base ba 6 ha ka sequence.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 04:15
 
| 04:15
−
| The second slice will be between bases 11 and 12.
+
| Ka slice ba ar kan dei hapdeng ka bases 11 bad 12.
−
(Ka slice ba ar kan dei hapdeng ka bases 11 bad 12.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 04:20
 
| 04:20
−
|The second fragment will be from the 12th base to the end of the sequence.
+
| Ka fragment ba ar kan dei na ka base ba 12 shaduh ba kut jong ka sequence.
−
(Ka fragment ba ar kan dei na ka base ba 12 shaduh ba kut jong ka sequence.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 04:26
 
| 04:26
−
| Type the following command, at the prompt, to extract the first fragment.
+
| Type ia ka command ba harum, ha ka prompt, ban sei ia ka fragment ba nyngkong.  
−
(Type ia ka command ba harum, ha ka prompt, ban sei ia ka fragment ba nyngkong.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 04:31
 
| 04:31
−
|'''String1 equal to dna1 within brackets 0 colon 6.'''
+
| '''String1 equal to dna1 within brackets 0 semi-colon 6.'''
−
('''String1 equal to dna1 within brackets 0 colon 6.''')
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 04:39
 
| 04:39
−
|'''string1''' is the variable to store the first fragment.
+
| '''string1''' ka dei ka variable ban lum ia ka fragment ba nyngkong.
−
('''string1''' ka dei ka variable ban lum ia ka fragment ba nyngkong.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 04:43
 
| 04:43
−
|The rest of the command follows as in normal Python.
+
| Ki command ba bud kin long beit kum ha ka Python.
−
(Ki command ba bud kin long beit kum ha ka Python.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 04:47
 
| 04:47
−
|Enclosed in these brackets are the start and the stop positions separated by a colon.
+
| Hapoh kine ki brackets dei ki jaka ba sdang bad ba sangeh ba ba la pyniakhlad da u colon.
−
(Hapoh kine ki brackets dei ki jaka ba sdang bad ba kut  ba shah phiah  da u colon.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 04:53
 
| 04:53
−
|The positions are inclusive of the start but exclusive of the stop position. Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Kine ki jaka ki kynthup lang ia kaba sdang hynrei khlem kynthup ïaki ha ka jaka ba sangeh. Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Kine ki jaka (positions)  ki lum lang ha  kaba sdang hynrei kim shah lum shuh ha kaba kut  . Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 05:01
 
| 05:01
−
| To view the output, type: "string1", press '''Enter'''.
+
| Ban peit ia ka output, type: "string1", nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Ban peit ia ka output, type: "string1", nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 05:04
 
| 05:04
−
|The output shows the first fragment as the sequence object.
+
| Ka output ka pyni ia ka fragment ba nyngkong kum ka sequence object.
−
(Ka output ka pyni ia ka fragment ba nyngkong kum ka sequence object.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 05:10
 
| 05:10
−
| To extract the second string from the sequence, press up-arrow key and '''edit''' the command as follows:
+
| Ban sei ia ka string ba ar na ka sequence, nion ia u up-arrow key bad '''edit''' ia ka command kumne harum:  
−
(Ban sei ia ka string ba ar na ka sequence, nion ia u up-arrow key bad '''edit''' ia ka command kumne harum: )
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 05:17
 
| 05:17
−
|Change the name of the variable to '''string2''' and positions to '''11 '''and '''20'''.
+
| Pynkylla ia ka ka kyrteng jong u variable sha ka '''string2''' bad jaka sha u '''11 '''bad '''20'''.   
−
(Pynkylla ia ka ka kyrteng jong u variable sha ka '''string2''' bad jaka sha u '''11 '''bad '''20'''.)  
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 05:24
 
| 05:24
−
| For the output, type: "string2". Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Na ka bynta ka output, type: "string2". Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Na ka bynta ka output, type: "string2". Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 05:30
 
| 05:30
−
|Now we have the 2nd fragment also as a sequence object.
+
| Mynta ngi ioh ia ka fragment ba ar ruh kum ka sequence object.
−
(Mynta ngi ioh ia ka fragment ba ar ruh kum ka sequence object.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 05:34
 
| 05:34
−
| Let us concatenate, that is, add the two '''strings '''together to form a new fragment.
+
| To ngin pynlong ïaki kawei, kata, ban pyndait lang ia baroh ar ki '''strings ''' ban pynlong u fragment ba thymmai.
−
(To ngin ia lum lang , kata, ban pyndait lang ia baroh ar ki '''strings ''' ban ioh  u fragment ba thymmai.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 05:42
 
| 05:42
−
|Store the new sequence in a variable '''dna2'''.
+
| Buh ia ka sequence ba thymmai ha ka variable '''dna2'''.
−
(Buh ia ka sequence ba thymmai ha ka variable '''dna2'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 05:46
 
| 05:46
−
|Type: '''dna2 equal to string1 plus string2'''. Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Type: '''dna2 equal to string1 plus string2'''. Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Type: '''dna2 equal to string1 plus string2'''. Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 05:53
 
| 05:53
−
|Please note: we cannot add sequences with incompatible alphabets.
+
| Sngewbha kynmaw ba: ngim lah ban thep ki sequence da ki alphabets ki bym iahap.
−
(Sngewbha tip ba : ngim lah ban iasnoh ia  ki sequence bad ki alphabets ki bym iahap.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 05:59
 
| 05:59
−
|That is, we cannot concatenate a DNA sequence and a protein sequence to form a new sequence.
+
| Kata ka mut, ngim lah ban pynlong kawei ia ka DNA sequence bad ka protein sequence ban ioh ia ka sequence ba thymmai.
−
(Kata ka mut, ngim lah ban lum  ia ka DNA sequence bad ka protein sequence ban ioh ia ka sequence ba thymmai.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 06:07
 
| 06:07
−
|The two sequences must have the same alphabet attribute.
+
| Ki ar tylli ki sequences ki dei ban don kajuh ka alphabet attribute.
−
(Ki ar tylli ki sequences ki dei ban don kajuh ka alphabet attribute.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 06:12
 
| 06:12
−
| To view the output, type: "dna2". Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Ban peit ia ka output, type: "dna2". Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Ban peit ia ka output, type: "dna2". Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 06:17
 
| 06:17
−
|The output shows a new sequence which is a combination of '''string1''' and '''string2.'''
+
| Ka output ka pyni ia ka sequence ba thymmai kaba dei ka jing pyndait lang jong u '''string1''' bad '''string2.'''
−
(Ka output ka pyni ia ka sequence ba thymmai kaba dei ka jinglum kyllum  jong u '''string1''' bad '''string2.''')
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 06:23
 
| 06:23
−
| To find the length of the new sequence, we will use '''len '''function.
+
| Ban ioh ia ka jingjrong jong ka sequence ba thymmai, ngin pyndonkam da ka '''len '''function.  
−
(Ban ioh ia ka jingjrong jong ka sequence ba thymmai, ngin pyndonkam da ka '''len '''function.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 06:29
 
| 06:29
−
| Type: "len" within parenthesis "dna2". Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Type: "len" hapoh parenthesis"dna2". Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Type: "len" hapoh parenthesis"dna2". Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 06:34
 
| 06:34
−
|Output shows the sequence as 15 bases long.
+
| Ka output ka pyni ia ka sequence kaba jrong 15 bases.
−
(Ka output ka pyni ia ka sequence kaba jrong 15 bases.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 06:39
 
| 06:39
−
| We can also count the number of individual bases present in the sequence.
+
| Ngi lah ruh ban niew ia ka jingdon jong ki bases bapher bapher ha ka sequence.  
−
(Ngi lah ruh ban niew ia ka jingdon jong ki bases bapher bapher ha ka sequence.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 06:44
 
| 06:44
−
|To do so, we will use '''count()''' function.
+
| Ban leh ia kane, ngin pyndonkam da ka '''count ''' function.
−
(Ban leh ia kane, ngin pyndonkam da ka '''count()''' function.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 06:47
 
| 06:47
−
|For example- to count the number of alanines present in the sequence, type the following command: '''dna2 dot count''' within parenthesis within double quotes alphabet A.
+
| Kum ka nuksa – ban niew ia ka jingdon jong u alanines ba don ha ka sequence, ngi type ia ka command ka ba harum: '''dna2 dot count''' hapoh parenthesis hapoh double quotes alphabet A.  
−
(Nuksa  – ban niew ia ka jingdon jong u alanines ba don ha ka sequence, ngi type ia ka command ka ba harum: '''dna2 dot count''' hapoh parenthesis hapoh double quotes alphabet A. )
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 07:02
 
| 07:02
−
|Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 07:04
 
| 07:04
−
|The output shows the number of alanines present in the sequence '''dna2'''.
+
| Ka output ka pyni ia ka jingdon jong u alanines ha ka sequence '''dna2'''.
−
(Ka output ka pyni ia ka jingdon jong u alanines ha ka sequence '''dna2'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 07:10
 
| 07:10
−
| To find a particular base or part of the string, we will use '''find()''' function.
+
| Ban shem ia u jait base ne u dkhot jong u string, ngin pyndonkam da u '''find ''' function.
−
(Ban wad  ia u jait base ne u dkhot jong u string, ngin pyndonkam da u '''find()''' function.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 07:16
 
| 07:16
−
|Type: '''dna2 dot find''' within parenthesis within double quotes "GC". Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Type: '''dna2 dot find''' hapoh parenthesis hapoh double quotes "GC". Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Type: '''dna2 dot find''' hapoh parenthesis hapoh double quotes "GC". Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 07:26
 
| 07:26
−
|The output indicates the position of the first instance of the appearance of '''GC''' in the string.
+
| Ka output ka pyni ia ka jaka ba nyngkong kaba mih ka '''GC''' ha u string.
−
(Ka output ka pyni ia ka jaka ba nyngkong kaba mih ka '''GC''' ha u string.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 07:32
 
| 07:32
−
| Normally a sequence object cannot be edited.
+
| Ha ka jingshisha ia ka sequence object um ju lah ban pynkylla.
−
(Ha ka jingshisha ia ka sequence object um ju lah ban pynkylla.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 07:35
 
| 07:35
−
|To edit a sequence, we have to convert it to the mutable sequence object.
+
| Ban pynkylla ia ka sequence, ngi dei ban pynkylla iaka sha ka mutable sequence object.
−
(Ban pynkylla ia ka sequence, ngi hap  ban pynkylla sha ka mutable sequence object.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 07:41
 
| 07:41
−
|To do so, type: '''dna3 equal to dna2 dot to mutable''' open and close parenthesis. Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Ban leh ia kane, type: '''dna3 equal to dna2 dot to mutable''' plie bad khang ia u parenthesis. Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Ban leh ia kane, type: '''dna3 equal to dna2 dot to mutable''' plie bad khang ia u parenthesis. Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 07:52
 
| 07:52
−
| For the output, type: '''dna3'''. Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Na ka bynta ka output, type: '''dna3''' Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Na ka bynta ka output, type: '''dna3''' Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 07:55
 
| 07:55
−
| Now the sequence object can be edited.
+
| Mynta ngin sa lah ban pynkylla ia ka sequence object.
−
(Mynta ngin sa lah ban pynkylla ia ka sequence object.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 07:59
 
| 07:59
−
|Let us replace a '''base''' from the sequence.
+
| To ngin ia bujli ia u '''base''' na ka sequence.
−
(To ngin ia weng/bujli ia u '''base''' na ka sequence.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 08:01
 
| 08:01
−
|For example- to replace a base present at 5th position to alanine, type: '''dna3 within brackets 5 equal to within double quotes alphabet A.'''  Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Kum ka nuksa – ban bujli ia u base uba don ha ka jaka ba 5 sha ka alanine, type: '''dna3 within brackets 5 equal to within double quotes alphabet A.'''  Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Nuksa  – ban weng/bujli ia u base uba don ha ka jaka ba 5 sha ka alanine, type: '''dna3 within brackets 5 equal to within double quotes alphabet A.'''  Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 08:19
 
| 08:19
−
|For the output, type: '''dna3'''. Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Na ka bynta ka output, type: '''dna3'''. Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Na ka bynta ka output, type: '''dna3'''. Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 08:24
 
| 08:24
−
|Observe the output. The '''cytosine''' at position 5 is replaced with '''alanine'''.
+
| Khmih thuh ia ka output. Ka '''cytosine''' ha ka jaka ba 5 la shah bujli da u '''alanine'''.
−
(Ha khmih  ia ka output. Ka '''cytosine''' ha ka jaka ba 5 la shah bujli da u '''alanine'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 08:31
 
| 08:31
−
| To replace a part of the '''string''', type the following command.
+
| Ban bujli ia ka shi bynta jong u '''string''', type ia ka command ba harum.
−
(Ban weng  i bynta jong u '''string''', type ia ka command ba harum.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 08:35
 
| 08:35
−
|'''Dna3 within brackets 6 colon 10 equal to within double quotes ATGC.''' Press '''Enter'''.
+
| '''Dna3 within brackets 6 colon 10 equal to within double quotes ATGC.''' Nion '''Enter'''.
−
('''Dna3 within brackets 6 colon 10 equal to within double quotes ATGC.''' Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 08:45
 
| 08:45
−
|For the output, type: '''dna3'''. Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Na ka bynta ka output, type: '''dna3'''. Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Na ka bynta ka output, type: '''dna3'''. Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 08:52
 
| 08:52
−
|The output shows the 4 bases from the position  6 to 9 are replaced with new bases '''ATGC'''.
+
| Ka output ka pyni ia ki 4 tylli ki bases na ka jaka ba 6 haduh 9 kiba shah bujli da ki bases '''ATGC''' ba thymmai.  
−
(Ka output ka pyni ia ki 4 bases na ka jaka ba 6 haduh 9 kiba shah bujli da ki bases '''ATGC''' ba thymmai.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 09:01
 
| 09:01
−
| Once you have edited your sequence object, convert it back to the “read only” form.
+
| Shisien ba phi lahdep dep pynkylla ia ka sequence object, pynkylla biang ia ka sha ka “read only” form.
−
(Marsien  dep pynkylla ia ka sequence object, pynkylla biang ia ka sha ka “read only” form.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 09:07
 
| 09:07
−
|Type the following '''dna4 equal to dna3 dot to seq open and close parenthesis'''. Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Type kumne harum'''dna4 equal to dna3 dot to seq open and close parenthesis'''. Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Type kumne harum'''dna4 equal to dna3 dot to seq open and close parenthesis'''. Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 09:19
 
| 09:19
−
|For the output, type: '''dna4.''' Press '''Enter'''.
+
| Na ka bynta ka output, type: '''dna4.''' Nion '''Enter'''.
−
(Na ka bynta ka output, type: '''dna4.''' Nion '''Enter'''.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 09:25
 
| 09:25
−
| Let's summarize.
+
| To ngin batai lyngkot
−
(To ngin ia khmih ia kiba ngi lah kdew haneng )
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 09:27
 
| 09:27
−
|In this tutorial, we have learnt to: *  Generate a random DNA sequence
+
| Ha kane ka tutorial, ngi lah pule ban *  Generate a random DNA sequence
−
(Ha kane ka jingbatai (tutorial) , ngi lah nang  ban *  Generate a random DNA sequence)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 09:32
 
| 09:32
−
| Slice a DNA sequence at specified locations
+
| Slice ia ka DNA sequence ha ki jaka ba lah buh.
−
(Pynpra  ia ka DNA sequence ha ki jaka ba lah buh.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 09:36
 
| 09:36
−
| Join two sequences together to form a new sequence, that is, to concatenate.
+
| Pyndait lang ar tylli ki sequence ban ioh ia ka sequence ba thymmai, kata ka mut, ban pynlong kawei.
−
(Pyndait lang ar tylli ki sequence ban ioh ia ka sequence ba thymmai, kata ka mut, ban lum lang .)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 09:43
 
| 09:43
−
| We have also learnt how to: * use '''len, count''' and '''find''' functions
+
| Ngi lah pule ruh kumno ban: * use '''len, count''' bad '''find''' functions.
−
(Ngi lah nang  ruh kumno ban: * use '''len, count''' bad '''find''' functions.)
+
−
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 09:49
 
| 09:49
−
| convert a sequence object to a mutable sequence object and replace a base or part of the string.
+
| Ban pynkylla ia ka sequence object sha ka mutable sequence object bad ban bujli ia u base lane shi bynta jong u string.
−
(Ban pynkylla ia ka sequence object sha ka mutable sequence object bad ban bujli ia u base lane bynta jong u string.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 09:57
 
| 09:57
−
|For the assignment, generate a random '''DNA sequence''' of 30 bases.
+
| Na ka bynta ka assignment, wad ia uno uno u '''DNA sequence''' uba 30 bases.
−
(Na ka bynta ka assignment, wad ia uno uno u '''DNA sequence''' uba 30 bases.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 10:02
 
| 10:02
−
|Using Biopython tools, calculate the GC percentage and molecular weight of the sequence.
+
| Da kaba pyndonkam da u Biopython tools, khein ia ka GC percentage bad molecular weight jong ka sequence.  
−
(Da kaba pyndonkam da u Biopython tools, khein ia ka GC percentage bad molecular weight jong ka sequence.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 10:09
 
| 10:09
−
|Your completed assignment will be as follows.
+
| Ka assignment ba lah dep jong phi kan long kumne harum.
−
(Ka assignment ba lah dep jong phi kan long kumne harum.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 10:13
 
| 10:13
−
|The output shows the '''GC''' content as percentage.
+
| Ka output ka pyni ia ka '''GC'''content ha ka percentage.
−
(Ka output kan  pyni ia ka '''GC'''content ha ka percentage.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 10:18
 
| 10:18
−
| The output shows the molecular weight of the DNA sequence.
+
| Ka output ka pyni ia ka molecular weight jong ka DNA sequence.
−
(Ka output kan  pyni ia ka molecular weight jong ka DNA sequence.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 10:23
 
| 10:23
−
| This video summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
+
| Kane ka video ka batai lyngkot ia ka Spoken Tutorial project.  
−
(Kane ka video ka lum kyllum  ia ka Spoken Tutorial project.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 10:26
 
| 10:26
−
|If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
+
| Lada phim don ka bandwidth ba biang, phi lah ban download bad peit ia ka.
−
(Lada phim don ka bandwidth ba biang, phi lah ban download bad peit ia ka.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 10:30
 
| 10:30
−
| We conduct workshops and give certificates.
+
| Ngi pynlong workshops bad ai certificates.
−
(Ngi ju pynlong ia ki  workshops bad sam ruh ia ki  certificates.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 10:32
 
| 10:32
−
|Please contact us.
+
| Sngewbha thoh sha ngi
−
(Sngewbha pyntip ia  ngi)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 10:35
 
| 10:35
−
| Spoken-Tutorial project is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
+
| Ia ka Spoken-Tutorial project la kyrshan da ka National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
−
(Ia ka Spoken-Tutorial project la kyrshan da ka National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 10:43
 
| 10:43
−
| This is Snehalatha from '''IIT Bombay''', signing off. Thank you for joining.
+
| ïa kane ka script la pynkylla sha ka Ktien Khasi da u Yuwanki Yolande Kharlukhi na Shillong, Bad ma nga u Hezekiah Lyngdoh, ngan pynkut noh. Khublei ba phi la ïasnoh lang.
−
(Nga dei ka Snehalatha na '''IIT Bombay''', signing off. Khublei shibun )
+
−
|}
+

Latest revision as of 11:36, 21 June 2018

Time Narration
00:01 Ngi pdiang sngewbha ia phi sha kane ka tutorial halor ka Manipulating Sequences.
00:06 Ha kane ka tutorial, ngin pyndonkam ki tools ka Biopython: Ban pynmih ia u random DNA sequence
00:13 Phiah ia u DNA sequence ha ki jaka ba lah buh
00:17 Pyndait lang ia artylli ki sequences ban pynlong kawei ka sequence ba thymmai
00:22 Wad ia ka jingjrong jong ka sequence
00:26 Niew ia ki number jong ki base lane ki dkhot jong u string
00:31 Wad ia u base ba la thmu lane bynta jong u string
00:35 Pynkylla ia ka sequence object sha ka mutable sequence object
00:40 Ban bud ia kane ka tutorial, phi dei ban tip bha ia ka undergraduate Biochemistry lane Bioinformatics
00:47 Bad ka basic Python programming
00:51 Lada em, peit ia ki tutorials Python ha ka link ba la ai
00:56 Ban record ia kane ka tutorial, nga pyndonkam da ka * Ubuntu OS version 14.10
01:03 Python version 2.7.8
01:07 Ipython interpreter version 2.3.0
01:12 Biopython version 1.64.
01:16 To ngin ia plie iaka terminal bad sdang ia ka ipython interpreter
01:21 Nion lang ia u Ctrl, Alt and t key
01:26 Ha ka prompt, type: "ipython" bad sa nion Enter
01:31 Ka Ipython prompt kan sa mih ha ka screen
01:35 Da kaba pyndonkam ia ka Biopython, ngi lah ban pynmih ia ka sequence object na ka bynta ka random DNA sequence ha kano kano ka jingjrong
01:44 To mynta ngin ia pynmih ia ka sequence object na ka bynta ka DNA sequence kaba 20 bases
01:50 Ha ka prompt, type: "import random", bad nion Enter.
01:56 Nangta, import Seq module na Bio package.
02:01 Bunsien Seq ngi ju pronounce kum seek.
02:06 Ha ka prompt, type: From Bio dot Seq import Seq. Nion Enter.
02:15 Ngin pyndonkam da ka Bio.Alphabet module ban pyntikna ia ki alphabets ha ka DNA sequence
02:22 Type: from Bio dot Alphabet import generic underscore dna. Nion Enter.
02:32 Type ia ki command harum ban shna ia ka sequence object na ka bynta ka randon DNA sequence.
02:38 Buh ia ka sequence ha ka variable dna1
02:42 Sngewbha peit: ha kane ka command, pyndonkam ar tylli ki single quotes ha ka jaka ka double quote. Nion Enter
02:50 Na ka bynta ka output, type: dna1. Nion Enter
02:55 Ka output ka pyni ia ka sequence object na ka bynta ka random DNA sequence.
03:00 Lada phi kwah ka sequence ba thymmai, nion u up-arrow key ban ioh ia ka juh ka command kum haneng. Nion Enter.
03:11 Na ka bynta ka output, type ia ka kyrteng ka variable dna1. Nion Enter
03:17 Ka output ka pyni iaka DNA sequence ba thymmai kaba pher na kaba nyngkong.
03:23 Shaphang ka Sequence Objects
03:25 Ka sequence objects ha ka jingshisha ka long kum ka Python strings.
03:30 Te, bud beit ia ka rukom leh kumba leh ia ka Python strings.
03:35 Ha ka Python, ngi niew ia ki characters ha ka string kaba sdang na 0, ha jaka u 1.
03:41 U character ba nyngkong ha ka sequence u dei u zero.
03:45 Phai biang sha ka terminal.
03:47 Teng teng ngi hap ban trei tang shi bynta jong ka sequence
03:52 Mynta, ngin ia peit kumno ban sei ia ki bynta jong ka string bad buh ia ki kum ki sequence objects.
03:58 Nuksa, ngin slice ia ka DNA sequence ha ki ar bynta.
04:04 Nyngkong, hapdeng ki bases 6 bad 7.
04:08 Kane kan sei ia ka fragment na kaba sdang jong ka sequence sha ka base ba 6 ha ka sequence.
04:15 Ka slice ba ar kan dei hapdeng ka bases 11 bad 12.
04:20 Ka fragment ba ar kan dei na ka base ba 12 shaduh ba kut jong ka sequence.
04:26 Type ia ka command ba harum, ha ka prompt, ban sei ia ka fragment ba nyngkong.
04:31 String1 equal to dna1 within brackets 0 semi-colon 6.
04:39 string1 ka dei ka variable ban lum ia ka fragment ba nyngkong.
04:43 Ki command ba bud kin long beit kum ha ka Python.
04:47 Hapoh kine ki brackets dei ki jaka ba sdang bad ba sangeh ba ba la pyniakhlad da u colon.
04:53 Kine ki jaka ki kynthup lang ia kaba sdang hynrei khlem kynthup ïaki ha ka jaka ba sangeh. Nion Enter.
05:01 Ban peit ia ka output, type: "string1", nion Enter.
05:04 Ka output ka pyni ia ka fragment ba nyngkong kum ka sequence object.
05:10 Ban sei ia ka string ba ar na ka sequence, nion ia u up-arrow key bad edit ia ka command kumne harum:
05:17 Pynkylla ia ka ka kyrteng jong u variable sha ka string2 bad jaka sha u 11 bad 20.
05:24 Na ka bynta ka output, type: "string2". Nion Enter.
05:30 Mynta ngi ioh ia ka fragment ba ar ruh kum ka sequence object.
05:34 To ngin pynlong ïaki kawei, kata, ban pyndait lang ia baroh ar ki strings ban pynlong u fragment ba thymmai.
05:42 Buh ia ka sequence ba thymmai ha ka variable dna2.
05:46 Type: dna2 equal to string1 plus string2. Nion Enter.
05:53 Sngewbha kynmaw ba: ngim lah ban thep ki sequence da ki alphabets ki bym iahap.
05:59 Kata ka mut, ngim lah ban pynlong kawei ia ka DNA sequence bad ka protein sequence ban ioh ia ka sequence ba thymmai.
06:07 Ki ar tylli ki sequences ki dei ban don kajuh ka alphabet attribute.
06:12 Ban peit ia ka output, type: "dna2". Nion Enter.
06:17 Ka output ka pyni ia ka sequence ba thymmai kaba dei ka jing pyndait lang jong u string1 bad string2.
06:23 Ban ioh ia ka jingjrong jong ka sequence ba thymmai, ngin pyndonkam da ka len function.
06:29 Type: "len" hapoh parenthesis"dna2". Nion Enter.
06:34 Ka output ka pyni ia ka sequence kaba jrong 15 bases.
06:39 Ngi lah ruh ban niew ia ka jingdon jong ki bases bapher bapher ha ka sequence.
06:44 Ban leh ia kane, ngin pyndonkam da ka count function.
06:47 Kum ka nuksa – ban niew ia ka jingdon jong u alanines ba don ha ka sequence, ngi type ia ka command ka ba harum: dna2 dot count hapoh parenthesis hapoh double quotes alphabet A.
07:02 Nion Enter.
07:04 Ka output ka pyni ia ka jingdon jong u alanines ha ka sequence dna2.
07:10 Ban shem ia u jait base ne u dkhot jong u string, ngin pyndonkam da u find function.
07:16 Type: dna2 dot find hapoh parenthesis hapoh double quotes "GC". Nion Enter.
07:26 Ka output ka pyni ia ka jaka ba nyngkong kaba mih ka GC ha u string.
07:32 Ha ka jingshisha ia ka sequence object um ju lah ban pynkylla.
07:35 Ban pynkylla ia ka sequence, ngi dei ban pynkylla iaka sha ka mutable sequence object.
07:41 Ban leh ia kane, type: dna3 equal to dna2 dot to mutable plie bad khang ia u parenthesis. Nion Enter.
07:52 Na ka bynta ka output, type: dna3 Nion Enter.
07:55 Mynta ngin sa lah ban pynkylla ia ka sequence object.
07:59 To ngin ia bujli ia u base na ka sequence.
08:01 Kum ka nuksa – ban bujli ia u base uba don ha ka jaka ba 5 sha ka alanine, type: dna3 within brackets 5 equal to within double quotes alphabet A. Nion Enter.
08:19 Na ka bynta ka output, type: dna3. Nion Enter.
08:24 Khmih thuh ia ka output. Ka cytosine ha ka jaka ba 5 la shah bujli da u alanine.
08:31 Ban bujli ia ka shi bynta jong u string, type ia ka command ba harum.
08:35 Dna3 within brackets 6 colon 10 equal to within double quotes ATGC. Nion Enter.
08:45 Na ka bynta ka output, type: dna3. Nion Enter.
08:52 Ka output ka pyni ia ki 4 tylli ki bases na ka jaka ba 6 haduh 9 kiba shah bujli da ki bases ATGC ba thymmai.
09:01 Shisien ba phi lahdep dep pynkylla ia ka sequence object, pynkylla biang ia ka sha ka “read only” form.
09:07 Type kumne harumdna4 equal to dna3 dot to seq open and close parenthesis. Nion Enter.
09:19 Na ka bynta ka output, type: dna4. Nion Enter.
09:25 To ngin batai lyngkot
09:27 Ha kane ka tutorial, ngi lah pule ban * Generate a random DNA sequence
09:32 Slice ia ka DNA sequence ha ki jaka ba lah buh.
09:36 Pyndait lang ar tylli ki sequence ban ioh ia ka sequence ba thymmai, kata ka mut, ban pynlong kawei.
09:43 Ngi lah pule ruh kumno ban: * use len, count bad find functions.
09:49 Ban pynkylla ia ka sequence object sha ka mutable sequence object bad ban bujli ia u base lane shi bynta jong u string.
09:57 Na ka bynta ka assignment, wad ia uno uno u DNA sequence uba 30 bases.
10:02 Da kaba pyndonkam da u Biopython tools, khein ia ka GC percentage bad molecular weight jong ka sequence.
10:09 Ka assignment ba lah dep jong phi kan long kumne harum.
10:13 Ka output ka pyni ia ka GCcontent ha ka percentage.
10:18 Ka output ka pyni ia ka molecular weight jong ka DNA sequence.
10:23 Kane ka video ka batai lyngkot ia ka Spoken Tutorial project.
10:26 Lada phim don ka bandwidth ba biang, phi lah ban download bad peit ia ka.
10:30 Ngi pynlong workshops bad ai certificates.
10:32 Sngewbha thoh sha ngi
10:35 Ia ka Spoken-Tutorial project la kyrshan da ka National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
10:43 ïa kane ka script la pynkylla sha ka Ktien Khasi da u Yuwanki Yolande Kharlukhi na Shillong, Bad ma nga u Hezekiah Lyngdoh, ngan pynkut noh. Khublei ba phi la ïasnoh lang.

Contributors and Content Editors

Hezekiah2016, PoojaMoolya

Retrieved from "https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Biopython/C2/Manipulating-Sequences/Khasi&oldid=43501"