View source for Jmol-Application/C3/Surfaces-and-Orbitals/Kannada


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! <center>Time</center>
! <center>Narration</center>
|-
| 00:01
| '''Jmol Application''' (ಜೆ-ಮೊಲ್ ಅಪ್ಲಿಕೇಶನ್) ನಲ್ಲಿ, '''Surfaces and Orbitals''' (ಸರ್ಫೇಸಸ್ ಆಂಡ್ ಆರ್ಬಿಟಲ್ಸ್) ಎಂಬ ಈ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಗೆ ನಿಮಗೆ ಸ್ವಾಗತ. 
|-
| 00:07
|  ಈ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ನಲ್ಲಿ, ನಾವು:
|-
| 00:10
|  Create models of '''Alicyclic''' and '''Aromatic''' molecules.
|-
| 00:14
| Display different surfaces of molecules.
|-
| 00:18
|  Display Atomic and Molecular orbitals. ಇತ್ಯಾದಿಗಳನ್ನು ಕಲಿಯುವೆವು.
|-
| 00:22
|  ಈ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಅನ್ನು ಅನುಸರಿಸಲು, ನೀವು ಜೆ-ಮೊಲ್ ಅಪ್ಲಿಕೇಶನ್ ನಲ್ಲಿ, ಮೊಲೆಕ್ಯುಲರ್ ಮಾಡೆಲ್ ಗಳನ್ನು ಕ್ರಿಯೇಟ್ ಮತ್ತು ಎಡಿಟ್ ಮಾಡುವುದನ್ನು ತಿಳಿದಿರಬೇಕು. 
|-
| 00:29
| ಇಲ್ಲದಿದ್ದರೆ, ಸಂಬಂಧಪಟ್ಟ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಗಳನ್ನು ನಮ್ಮ ವೆಬ್ಸೈಟ್ ನಲ್ಲಿ ನೋಡಿ.
|-
| 00:35
| ಈ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಅನ್ನು ರೆಕಾರ್ಡ್ ಮಾಡಲು, ನಾನು:
|-
| 00:38
|  '''Ubuntu '''OS ಆವೃತ್ತಿ 12.04
|-
| 00:42
|  '''Jmol''' ಆವೃತ್ತಿ 12.2.2 ಹಾಗೂ
|-
| 00:45
|  '''Java (JRE)''' ಆವೃತ್ತಿ 7 ಇವುಗಳನ್ನು ಬಳಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದೇನೆ.
|-
|00:48
| ನಾನು ಒಂದು ಹೊಸ ‘ಜೆ-ಮೊಲ್ ಅಪ್ಲಿಕೇಶನ್’ ವಿಂಡೋಅನ್ನು ತೆರೆದಿದ್ದೇನೆ.
|-
| 00:52
| ಮೊದಲು, ‘ಸೈಕ್ಲೋಹೆಕ್ಸೇನ್’ನ ಒಂದು ಮಾಡೆಲ್ ಅನ್ನು  (cyclohexane) ನಾವು ರಚಿಸೋಣ. 
|-
| 00:56
| ಮಾಡೆಲ್-ಕಿಟ್ ಮೆನ್ಯುದ ಮೇಲೆ (modelkit menu) ಕ್ಲಿಕ್ ಮಾಡಿ. 
|-
| 00:59
| ಪ್ಯಾನೆಲ್ ನ ಮೇಲೆ ಮೀಥೇನ್ ನ ಒಂದು ಮಾಡೆಲ್ ಕಾಣಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತದೆ. 
|-
| 01:03
|To create '''cyclohexane, '''we have to make a '''hydrocarbon''' chain of six '''carbon''' atoms.
|-
|01:09
| We will substitute the '''hydrogen''' in the model with a '''methyl '''group. 
|-
| 01:13
| To do so, we will place the cursor on the '''hydrogen '''and click on it. 
|-
| 01:18
| This is a model of '''ethane''' on screen.
|-
| 01:21
| Repeat this step another 2 times and replace one '''hydrogen''' at a time with a '''methyl''' group.
|-
| 01:28
| Click on the '''hydrogens''' in such a way that the structure forms a circle. 
|-
| 01:33
| Now, rotate the structure on screen using the '''Rotate molecule '''tool.
|-
| 01:38
|This is the structure of '''butane''' on the panel.
|-
| 01:41
| Click on the '''modelkit menu.'''
|-
| 01:45
| Click on '''hydrogen''' on any of the '''carbon''' atoms present at the end of the chain.
|-
| 01:52
| Here is a model of '''pentane '''on the '''panel.'''
|-
| 01:55
| Click on one of the '''hydrogens,''' that is close to the end of the '''carbon '''chain.
|-
| 02:00
|  A model of '''cyclohexane''' is created on the '''panel.'''
|-
|02:04
|Use minimize option in the '''modelkit menu''' to optimize the structure.
|-
| 02:09
| The model of '''Cyclohexane''' is now, in its most stable “'''chair'''” '''conformation'''.
|-
|02:15
| Alternately, we can also use '''Drag to bond''' option in '''modelkit''' menu to create''' '''cyclic structures.
|-
| 02:24
| I will use a model of '''pentane''' to demonstrate this feature.
|-
| 02:29
| This is a model of '''pentane''' on the '''panel'''.
|-
| 02:32
| To convert this into '''cyclopentane''', select '''Drag to bond''' option from the '''modelkit''' menu.
|-
| 02:40
|Place the cursor on the '''carbon''' present at one end of the chain.
|-
| 02:45
| Hold down the mouse button.
|-
| 02:47
| Without releasing the mouse button, bring the cursor to the '''carbon '''present at the other end of the chain. 
|-
| 02:54
| Now release the mouse button.
|-
| 02:57
| We have a model of '''cyclopentane''' on the '''panel'''.
|-
| 03:01
| Now Let us go back to the '''Jmol panel '''with the model of '''cyclohexane'''. 
|-
| 03:06
| Let us now convert '''cyclohexane''' to a '''benzene''' ring.
|-
| 03:10
| We have to introduce double bonds at alternate positions in the '''cyclohexane '''ring.
|-
| 03:16
|Open the '''modelkit menu.'''
|-
| 03:19
|Place the cursor on the bond between any two '''carbon '''atoms and click on it.
|-
| 03:25
| We now have '''cyclohexene''' on the '''panel'''.
|-
| 03:29
| Next, we need to introduce two more double bonds in the structure, to convert it to '''benzene'''.
|-
| 03:36
|  Click on the bond between the next two alternate '''carbon''' atoms.
|-
| 03:41
| We have a model of '''benzene''' on the '''panel'''.
|-
|03:44
| Do the energy minimization to get a '''stable''' '''conformation'''.
|-
|03:49
| '''Surface topology''' of the molecules can be displayed by using''' Jmol Application.'''
|-
| 03:56
| To view different surfaces, open the pop-up menu.
|-
| 04:01
| Ensure that the '''modelkit menu''' is closed, if it is open.
|-
| 04:06
| Now, right-click on the '''panel''', to open the Pop-up menu. 
|-
| 04:10
| Scroll down and select '''"Surfaces"'''. 
|-
| 04:14
| A sub-menu opens with many options. 
|-
| 04:18
|  '''Dot Surface'''
|-
| 04:20
|  '''van der Waal's'''
|-
| 04:21
|  and some others.
|-
| 04:23
|  For demonstration purpose, I will select '''Molecular surface'''.
|-
| 04:28
| The model of '''Benzene'''  is displayed with a '''molecular surface.'''
|-
| 04:33
| Let us change it to another surface, say, '''Dot Surface.'''
|-
| 04:38
| So, open the Pop-up menu again, and choose '''Dot Surface'''.
|-
| 04:44
| We can also make the surfaces opaque or translucent.
|-
| 04:48
| To do so, open the Pop-up menu,
|-
| 04:52
|Scroll down to '''Surfaces''' and select '''Make Opaque''' options
|-
| 04:59
| Observe that the '''benzene '''model has become opaque.
|-
| 05:03
| To turn off the surface option, open the Pop-up menu, choose '''Surfaces'''. 
|-
| 05:10
|  scroll down to '''Off''' and click on it.
|-
| 05:15
| Now, we have a model of '''benzene''' without any surfaces.
|-
| 05:20
|  '''Jmol''' can display '''atomic''' and '''molecular orbitals''' of molecules.
|-
| 05:25
| '''Atomic orbitals''' can be displayed on screen by writing commands on the '''console'''.
|-
| 05:32
|  Open a new '''Jmol '''window by clicking on '''File '''and '''New'''.
|-
| 05:37
| Now open the '''console''' window by clicking on '''File '''and then on''' Console.'''
|-
| 05:43
|The''' console '''window opens on the screen.
|-
| 05:47
| I am using''' KMag Screen magnifier''' to magnify the '''console''' window.
|-
| 05:53
|  The command line for atomic orbitals starts with '''isosurface phase atomicorbital. '''
|-
| 06:00
| At the''' ($) dollar prompt''' type '''isosurface phase atomicorbital'''.
|-
| 06:06
| This is followed by '''quantum numbers n. l''' and '''m''' that are specific for each '''atomic orbital.'''
|-
| 06:14
|  To display ''''s' orbital. '''type 2 0 0
|-
| 06:20
|The Numbers 2, 0, 0 represent''' n, l '''and '''m quantum numbers '''respectively.
|-
| 06:27
| Press '''Enter''' key to execute the command.
|-
| 06:31
| We have '''s orbital''' displayed on the panel.
|-
| 06:35
| Here are few more examples of '''atomic orbitals '''and the corresponding '''script commands.'''
|-
|06:41
|The command line is same for all '''atomic orbitals.'''
|-
| 06:45
| To display the previous command on the '''console''', press up arrow key on the keyboard.
|-
| 06:51
|Edit '''n, l '''and '''m '''quantum numbers to  2 1 1.
|-
|06:58
| Press '''Enter '''key and see the ''''px' orbital '''on the '''Jmol panel.'''
|-
| 07:05
|  Press up arrow key again and edit '''n, l '''and '''m '''to 3  2 and -1.
|-
| 07:13
| Press '''Enter '''key and see the ''''dxy' orbital '''on the '''Jmol panel.'''
|-
| 07:19
| We can also save these images in different file formats like '''jpg, png''' or '''pdf'''. 
|-
| 07:27
| Here is a list of commands for all '''atomic orbitals (s, p, d, '''and '''f).'''
|-
| 07:35
| Shown on this slide are models of '''atomic orbitals.'''
|-
| 07:40
| They were created with the help of '''script commands '''written on the '''console'''.
|-
|07:45
| Here I have opened a new '''Jmol panel''' and '''console''' to show how to display '''molecular orbitals.'''
|-
| 07:53
| '''Hybridized molecular orbitals '''such as '''sp<sup>3</sup>, sp<sup>2 '''</sup>and '''sp '''can be displayed using '''Jmol.'''
|-
| 08:02
| We have a model of '''methane''' on the panel.
|-
| 08:06
|  '''Methane''' has '''molecular orbitals''' of the type '''sp<sup>3</sup>.'''
|-
|08:11
| '''Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals i.e. LCAO''' method is used to create '''molecular orbitals. '''
|-
| 08:21
| So, the command line starts with ''''lcaocartoon', '''followed by '''create '''and the name of the '''orbital.'''
|-
|08:30
| At the '''dollar prompt''' type''' lcaocartoon create sp3'''
|-
| 08:36
| Press '''Enter. '''
|-
| 08:38
| Observe the model of '''methane '''with '''sp3 hybridized molecular orbitals.'''
|-
| 08:45
|To display '''sp2 hybridized molecular orbitals,''' we will take '''ethene '''as an example. 
|-
|  08:52
|  This is a molecule of '''ethene''' on the '''panel.'''
|-
|08:56
| '''Ethene''' molecule has three '''sp2 hybridized molecular orbitals.''' They are named '''sp2a, sp2b '''and '''sp2c.'''
|-
| 09:08
|  At the '''dollar prompt''', type''' lcaocartoon create sp2a ''', press '''Enter.'''
|-
| 09:17
| Observe the '''sp2 '''orbital on the '''ethene''' model on the panel.
|-
| 09:22
|  Press up arrow key and change '''sp2a''' to '''sp2b, '''press '''Enter.'''
|-
| 09:31
|  Again, press up arrow key and change '''sp2b''' to '''sp2c,'''  press '''Enter.''' 
|-
| 09:41
|Finally for the''' pi bond, '''edit the name of the orbital as '''pz.'''
|-
|09:48
| On the '''panel,''' we have '''ethene''' molecule with all the '''molecular orbitals.'''
|-
| 09:55
| This slide shows examples of few other molecules with '''molecular orbitals.'''
|-
| 10:01
| Explore the website for '''Jmol Script '''documentation for more information. 
|-
| 10:08
| Let's summarize.
|-
| 10:10
| In this tutorial we have learnt to
|-
| 10:12
|  Create a model of '''cyclohexane''' and '''cyclopentane'''
|-
| 10:17
|  Create a model of '''benzene'''
|-
| 10:19
|  Display '''surface topology''' of molecules.
|-
|  10:23
|  We also learnt to
|-
| 10:24
| Display '''Atomic orbitals (s, p, d, f)'''
|-
| 10:29
| Display '''Molecular orbitals (sp3, sp2 and sp)''' by writing '''script commands''' on the '''console'''.
|-
| 10:38
|  ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಒಂದು ಅಸೈನ್ಮೆಂಟ್ ಇದೆ. 
|-
| 10:40
|  Create a model of '''2-Butene''' and display '''molecular orbitals.'''
|-
| 10:45
|  Explore''' lcaocartoon '''command to change the color and size of '''molecular orbitals.'''
|-
| 10:52
| ಕಮಾಂಡ್ ಗಳ ಲಿಸ್ಟ್ ಗಾಗಿ ಈ ಕೆಳಗಿನ ಲಿಂಕ್ ಅನ್ನು ನೋಡಿ. 
|-
| 10:57
|  ಈ ಕೆಳಗಿನ ಲಿಂಕ್ ನಲ್ಲಿ ಲಭ್ಯವಿರುವ ವಿಡಿಯೋಅನ್ನು ನೋಡಿ. 
 http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial
|-
| 11:01
| ಇದು ಸ್ಪೋಕನ್ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಪ್ರೋಜೆಕ್ಟ್ ನ ಸಾರಾಂಶವಾಗಿದೆ.
|-
| 11:04
| ನಿಮ್ಮಲ್ಲಿ ಸರಿಯಾದ ಬ್ಯಾಂಡ್ವಿಡ್ತ್ ಇಲ್ಲದಿದ್ದಲ್ಲಿ, ನೀವು ಇದನ್ನು ಡೌನ್ಲೋಡ್ ಮಾಡಿ ನೋಡಬಹುದು.
|-
| 11:09
| ‘ಸ್ಪೋಕನ್ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಪ್ರೊಜೆಕ್ಟ್’ ತಂಡವು:
|-
| 11:11
| |* ‘ಸ್ಪೋಕನ್ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್’ಗಳನ್ನು ಬಳಸಿ ಕಾರ್ಯಶಾಲೆಗಳನ್ನು ನಡೆಸುತ್ತದೆ.
|-
| 11:15
|* ‘ಆನ್ ಲೈನ್ ಟೆಸ್ಟ್’ ನಲ್ಲಿ ಉತ್ತೀರ್ಣರಾದವರಿಗೆ ಪ್ರಮಾಣಪತ್ರವನ್ನು ಕೊಡಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. 
|-
| 11:19
| ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಮಾಹಿತಿಗಾಗಿ, ದಯವಿಟ್ಟು ಇಲ್ಲಿಗೆ ಬರೆಯಿರಿ: 
contact@spoken-tutorial.org 
|-
|11:26
| ‘ಸ್ಪೋಕನ್ ಟ್ಯುಟೋರಿಯಲ್ ಪ್ರೊಜೆಕ್ಟ್’, ‘ಟಾಕ್ ಟು ಎ ಟೀಚರ್ ಪ್ರೊಜೆಕ್ಟ್’ ನ ಭಾಗವಾಗಿದೆ. 
|-
| 11:30
| ಇದು ICT, MHRD ಮೂಲಕ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಸಾಕ್ಷರತಾ ಮಿಷನ್, ಭಾರತ ಸರ್ಕಾರದಿಂದ ಬೆಂಬಲಿಸಲ್ಪಟ್ಟಿದೆ.
|-
| 11:37
| ಈ ಮಿಷನ್ನಿನ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಮಾಹಿತಿಯು ಕೆಳಗಿನ ಲಿಂಕ್ ನಲ್ಲಿ ಲಭ್ಯವಿದೆ:
[http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro]
|-
| 11:42
|  IIT Bombay ಯಿಂದ, ‘ಸ್ಕ್ರಿಪ್ಟ್’ನ ಅನುವಾದಕಿ ಸಂಧ್ಯಾ ಪುಣೇಕರ್ ಹಾಗೂ ಪ್ರವಾಚಕ…..
ವಂದನೆಗಳು.
|}