R/C2/Lists-and-its-Operations/English

Title of script: Lists and its Operations

Author: Shaik Sameer (IIIT Vadodara) and Sudhakar Kumar (IIT Bombay)

Keywords: R, RStudio, lists, indexing, slicing, video tutorial

Visual Cue	Narration
Show slide Opening slide	Welcome to the spoken tutorial on Lists and its Operations.
Show slide Learning Objectives	In this tutorial, we will learn how to: Create a list in R Access the elements of a list Perform indexing on lists Combine two lists
Show slide Pre-requisites https://spoken-tutorial.org	To understand this tutorial, you should know, Data frames in R Matrices and vectors in R If not, please locate the relevant tutorials on R on this website.
Show slide System Specifications	This tutorial is recorded on Ubuntu Linux OS version 16.04 R version 3.4.4 RStudio version 1.1.456 Install R version 3.2.0 or higher.
Show slide Download files	For this tutorial, we will use, A data frame CaptaincyData.csv and A script file myList.R. Please download these files from the Code files link of this tutorial.
[Computer screen] Highlight CaptaincyData.csv and myList.R in the folder Lists	I have downloaded and moved these files to Lists folder. This folder is located in myProject folder on my Desktop. I have also set this folder as my Working Directory.
	Let us switch to RStudio.
Highlight myList.R in the Files window of RStudio	Open the script myList.R in RStudio.
Drag the boundary of the window.	I am resizing the Source window
Highlight the Source button	Run this script by clicking on Source button.
Highlight captaincy in the Source window	captaincy data frame opens in the Source window.
Highlight captaincy in the Source window	Now let us create a matrix from a subset of captaincy.
Highlight captaincy in the Source window	We will convert the values in first three rows of played, won and lost columns into a matrix.
Highlight myList.R in the Source window	Click on the script myList.R
[RStudio] subData <- captaincy[1:3, c("played", "won", "lost")] matrixA <- as.matrix(subData)	In the Source window, type the following commands. Press Enter. Press Enter at the end of every command.
Highlight as.matrix in the Source window	Remember, as.matrix function is used to convert subData into a matrix.
[RStudio] myVector <- c(1:5)	Now let us create a numeric vector myVector. In the Source window, type the following command.
Press Ctrl + S >> Ctrl + Enter	Save the script and run the last three lines of code by pressing Ctrl + Enter keys simultaneously.
Drag the boundary of the window	I am resizing the Source window
Highlight the objects in Environment window	The three objects subData, matrixA and myVector are loaded in our workspace.
	We will learn how to create a list in R by using the list function.
Show Slide List in R	A list is an R object. It has components of mixed data types like strings numbers vectors some other list inside it. A list can also contain a matrix or a function as its elements.
Show Slide List in R	A vector having all elements of the same type is called atomic vector, whereas A vector having elements of different types is called list.
	Let us switch to RStudio.
[RStudio] Highlight captaincy, matrixA and myVector in the Environment window	We will create a list containing captaincy, matrixA and myVector.
Drag the boundary of the window.	I am resizing the Source window
[RStudio] myList <- list(captaincy, matrixA, myVector)	In the Source window, type the following command.
Highlight myList in the Source window	Now, we will assign names to the elements of myList. For this, we will use names function.
[RStudio] names(myList) <- c("dataframe", "matrix", "vector")	In the Source window, type the following command.
Highlight dataframe in the Source window Highlight matrix in the Source window Highlight vector in the Source window	We will assign the following names, dataframe to captaincy. matrix to matrixA vector to myVector
[RStudio] print(myList)	In the Source window, now type print, myList in parentheses.
Highlight the output in the Console window. Drag the boundary of the console window.	Run the last three lines of code. I am resizing the Console window. In the Console window, three elements of myList are shown with their respective names. Hence, myList is a named list.
Highlight myList in the Source window	Now, we will learn how to access the elements of a list.
Drag the boundary of the console window.	I am resizing the Console window.
Cursor on the interface.	Elements of the list can be accessed by the index of the elements in the list. It is also known as indexing. In case of named lists, it can also be accessed by using the names.
Highlight dataframe in the Console window	Suppose we want to access the element named as dataframe of myList.
[RStudio] myList$dataframe	In the Source window, type myList dollar sign dataframe
Highlight Run button in the Source window	Run the current line.
Highlight the output in the Console window	captaincy dataframe, which is an element of myList, is shown on the Console.
	We can also access an element by using its index.
Highlight matrix in the Source window	Suppose we want to access the element named matrix of myList. Index of matrix is 2 in myList.
[RStudio] myList[2]	In the Source window, type myList and 2 in square brackets.
Highlight Run button in the Source window	Run the current line.
Highlight the output in the Console window	matrix element of myList is shown on the Console.
Highlight matrix in the Console window	Now, suppose we want to access the third column of matrix element of myList.
[RStudio] myList2[,3]	For this, we use double square brackets. In the Source window, type the following command.
[RStudio] Highlight 2 in the Source window	2 in double square brackets denotes that second element of myList is to be accessed.
[RStudio] Highlight [,3] in the Source window	comma 3 in single square brackets denotes that third column of second element is to be accessed. Remember we use single square bracket notation with two indices for indexing a data frame. First index and second index refer to row and column respectively. Also, leaving an index blank indicates that we want to keep all the elements in that dimension.
Highlight Run button in the Source window	Run the current line.
Highlight the output in the Console window	The elements of third column of matrix element are displayed on the Console.
	Now, let us learn how to combine two different lists.
[RStudio] listSimple <- list("One", "Two", "Three")	First, we will create a simple list. In the Source window, type the following command. Save the script and run the current line.
[RStudio] merged.list <- c(myList, listSimple) print(merged.list)	Now, we declare an object named merged dot list. It is used for storing the combined output of myList and listSimple. In the Source window, type the following commands.
[RStudio] Highlight the output in the Console window	Save the script and run the last three lines of code. I am maximizing the Console window. Now, scroll up to locate the output. The combined list is shown on the Console.
	Let us summarize what we have learnt.
Show Slide Summary	In this tutorial, we have learned how to Create a list in R Access the elements of a list Perform indexing on lists Combine two lists
Show Slide Assignment	We now suggest an assignment. Create a numeric vector c(1:5) and a 5 by 3 matrix with elements from 1 to 15. Create a named list with vector, matrix and iris data set. Retrieve the iris data set from the list using dollar operator and indexing method. State the differences between the results obtained by using dollar operator and indexing method of accessing iris. For solutions, please refer to the Additional Material section on this website.
Show slide About the Spoken Tutorial Project	The video at the following link summarises the Spoken Tutorial project. Please download and watch it.
Show slide Spoken Tutorial Workshops	We conduct workshops using Spoken Tutorials and give certificates. Please contact us.
Show Slide Forum to answer questions	Please post your timed queries in this forum.
Show Slide Forum to answer questions	Please post your general queries in this forum.
Show Slide Textbook Companion	The FOSSEE team coordinates the TBC project. For more details, please visit these sites.
Show Slide Acknowledgement	The Spoken Tutorial project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Govt. of India
Show Slide Thank You	The script for this tutorial was contributed by Shaik Sameer (FOSSEE Fellow 2018). This is Sudhakar Kumar from IIT Bombay signing off. Thanks for watching.

Contributors and Content Editors

Madhurig, Nancyvarkey, Sudhakarst