CSharp

C#

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Introduction to C#

C#, known as 'C sharp' is a a computer programming language developed by Microsoft Corporation, USA. It is fully object oriented language like Java, C++, Visual Basic, Cobol etc. It is a simple, efficient, type-safe language derived from the popular C and C++ languages. It is suitable for developing Web-based applications. C# is designed for building robust, reliable and durable component to handle real-world applications. C# is expected to play a major role in developing and co-operating networks of websites. C# is one of the programming languages designed for the Common Language Infrastructure. Common Language Infrastructure is open specification. It describes the executable code and runtime environment. Recent version of C# is 4.0 developed in April 2010. We have C# 1.0 version, 1.2 version, 2.0 version, 3.0 version as well. C# has a unified type system. A unified type system means that all types, including primitives such as integers, are subclasses of the System.Object class. For example, every type inherits a ToString() method. C# comp[ilers are : Microsoft Visual C#,  

Basic Level

1. Structure of C# program
   • The basic structure of C# program with an example
   • Example: My first C# program - to print a line
   • How to save the program
   • Use of public keyword.
   • The main() method.
   • How to Compiling a C# program
     csc filename.cs
   • How to Executing a C# program
     filename.cs
     
     
2. Variables & Data Types
   • Defines use of keywords as identifiers like int, float etc.
   • How values are stored in variables
     • Example : int a = 10;
       Value stored in a is 10.
   • Variables and Data Types
   • Declaration, Initialization and Scope of variables
     • Example : variablename = value;
   • Boxing and Unboxing
     • Example : We will box i
       int i = 123; object o = i;
       
       
3. Operators and Expressions
   • Understanding different operators
     • Arithmatic Operators     +, -, *, /, %, ++, --
       
     • Comparison Operators     ==, !=, <>, >, <, >=, <=
       
     • Logical Operators     && (AND), || (OR), ! (NOT)
   • Evaluation of expressions
   • Precedence of Arithmetic operators.
     • According to the priority
     • Example : High priority *, /, %, and Low priority +, -
   • Type Conversions- Converting numeric values to string and vice-versa.
     • Example : Converting short to an int. short a = 10; a = b; /*implicit conversion*/   
       Converting numeric values to string. int m = 20; string s = m.Tostring();
   • Operator Precedence and Associativity- when more than one operator is evaluated
     
     
4. Decision Making and Branching
   • if statement - used to execute a specified condition
     • Syntax :
       if(condition)
       {
       true statement;
       }
   • if-else - used to executes a single statement or a group of statements
     • Syntax :
       if(condition)
       {
       true statement1;
       }
       else
       {
       false statement;
       }
   • Nested if-elses -
     • Syntax :
       if(condition)
       {
       true statement1;
       }
       else
       {
       if(condition)
       {
       true statement2;
       }
       else
       {
       false statement;
       }
       }
   • switch statement - use this statement to make a decision from a number of choices
     • Syntax :
       switch(integer expression)
       {
       case1 :
       execute statement1;
       case2 :
       execute statement2;
       default :
       execute this statement;
       }
   • Use of ?: operator - use this statement for making two way decisions
     • Syntax :
       expression1 ? expression2 : expression3
       
       
5. Looping
   • for loop -used when you know in advance how many times the script should run.
     • Syntax :
       for(initialization; condition; increment \ decrement)
       {
       code to be executed
       }
   • while loop - executes a block of code while a condition is true.
     • Syntax :
       while(test condition)
       {
       code to be executed
       }
   • do-while loop - executes he body of the loop before test condition
     • Syntax :
       do
       {
       code to be executed
       }
       while(test condition);
   • foreach loop - enables us to iterate the elements in array
     • Syntax : foreach(type variable in expression) \*in is a keyword*\
       {
       code to be executed
       }
   • Jumps in loops - skipping a part of a loop
     
     
6. Methods in C#
   • Declaring, Invoking and Nesting of Methods
   • Pass by Value & Pass by Reference
   • Method Overloading
     
     
7. Handling Arrays
   • Creating, Declaring, Initializing Arrays
   • One Dimensional Arrays & Two Dimensional Arrays
   • ArrayList Class
     
     
8. Manipulating Strings
   • Creating, Inserting & Comparing Strings
   • Arrays of Strings

Contributors and Content Editors

Minal