Difference between revisions of "Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Kangaroo-Mother-Care/English"

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Line 35: Line 35:
 
| Let us begin with the introduction of '''Kangaroo mother care'''?
 
| Let us begin with the introduction of '''Kangaroo mother care'''?
  
−
* As the name suggests-
+
As the name suggests -
−
** it involves, keeping the baby in skin to skin contact with the mother.
+
 
−
** and it is popularly known as '''KMC'''.
+
1. it involves, keeping the baby in skin to skin contact with the mother.
 +
 
 +
2. and it is popularly known as '''KMC'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 78: Line 80:
 
Image: A mother is breastfeeding the baby with an upward arrow.
 
Image: A mother is breastfeeding the baby with an upward arrow.
  
−
Image: Bonding between mother and baby
 
  
 
| Let’s discuss these components in detail.
 
| Let’s discuss these components in detail.
 
* The first component is skin to skin contact.
 
* The first component is skin to skin contact.
−
**it improves the '''letdown reflex '''and
+
**it improves the '''Let down reflex '''
−
**ultimately increases the breast milk production.
+
**and ultimately increases the breast milk production.
−
**'''Let down reflex '''has been explained in another tutorial of the same series.
+
 
 +
|-
 +
|Image: Bonding between mother and baby
 +
|'''Let down reflex '''has been explained in another tutorial of the same series.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 101: Line 105:
 
Image: Thermometer and new-born baby.
 
Image: Thermometer and new-born baby.
  
−
Image: Bacterias.
+
 
 +
| Next, let’s discuss the importance of '''Kangaroo care'''
 +
* Prolonged skin to skin contact during '''KMC''' helps maintain the baby's body temperature
 +
* and the baby feels more secure.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|Image: Bacterias.
  
 
GIF: Infant apnea.
 
GIF: Infant apnea.
  
 +
|'''KMC''' also decreases -
  
 +
1. the frequency of infection and
  
−
| Next, let’s discuss the importance of '''Kangaroo care'''
+
2. the rate of apnea in babies.
−
* Prolonged skin to skin contact during '''KMC''' helps maintain the baby's body temperature and
+
−
* The baby feels more secure.
+
−
*'''KMC''' also decreases
+
−
**the frequency of infection and
+
−
**the rate of apnea in babies.
+
  
−
Apnea is defined as long pauses in breathing.
+
*Apnea is defined as long pauses in breathing.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 122: Line 129:
 
|
 
|
 
Apart from these-
 
Apart from these-
−
* '''KMC''' improves the frequency and duration of breastfeeding and
+
* '''KMC''' improves the frequency and duration of breastfeeding  
−
* It strengthens the emotional bonding between the mother and her baby.
+
* And it strengthens the emotional bonding between the mother and her baby.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 137: Line 144:
 
to gain weight than any other conventional methods such as-
 
to gain weight than any other conventional methods such as-
 
* keeping the baby in radiant warmer.
 
* keeping the baby in radiant warmer.
−
* which create stress for the baby and the mother as well.
+
* which creates stress for the baby and the mother as well.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 143: Line 150:
  
 
|  
 
|  
−
* It also improves-
+
It also improves the satisfaction and confidence in the mother -
−
** the satisfaction and confidence in the mother
+
 
−
** as, she takes extra effort for her baby.
+
* as she takes extra effort for her baby.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 181: Line 188:
  
 
|  
 
|  
−
* He or she should not wear any jewellery, watches and threads.
+
He or she should not wear any jewellery, watches and threads -
−
** as these may become the barriers to maintain the hygiene and
+
*as these may become the barriers to maintain the hygiene  
−
** It can cause injury to the baby.
+
*and it can cause injury to the baby.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Image: Front open dress, sari-blouse
 
| Image: Front open dress, sari-blouse
  
−
| Now, let us discuss the type of clothes the provider should wear during '''KMC'''-
+
| Now, let us discuss the type of clothes the provider should wear during '''KMC''' -
  
−
* Clothes should be front open and lightweight.
+
* clothes should be front open and lightweight
−
* for example -
+
* for example, sari-blouse or front open gown
−
**sari-blouse or front open gown
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 218: Line 224:
  
 
|  
 
|  
−
* Whereas, the baby during '''KMC''' should-
+
Whereas, the baby during '''KMC''' should -
−
** wear a cap and a nappy.
+
 
−
* If the baby passes stool or urine during '''KMC''' then-
+
1. wear a cap and a nappy.
−
** she should be cleaned and dried thoroughly.
+
 
 +
2. if the baby passes stool or urine during '''KMC''' then -
 +
 
 +
*she should be cleaned and dried thoroughly.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 237: Line 246:
 
|Then, either a health worker or any family member should do -
 
|Then, either a health worker or any family member should do -
  
−
The following things, step-wise-
+
the following things, step-wise-
 
*By supporting the baby’s bottom and head-
 
*By supporting the baby’s bottom and head-
 
** place the baby between the mother’s bare breasts in an upright position.
 
** place the baby between the mother’s bare breasts in an upright position.
Line 245: Line 254:
 
| Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for '''KMC'''.
 
| Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for '''KMC'''.
 
| Make sure,
 
| Make sure,
−
* the baby’s head is slightly bending backward.
+
*the baby’s head is slightly bending backward.
−
* this position will keep the baby’s nose airways open and
+
−
* will allow the baby to make eye to eye contact with the mother.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for '''KMC'''.
+
|Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for '''KMC'''.
−
 
+
|This position will -
−
Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for '''KMC'''.
+
* keep the baby’s nose airways open
 +
* and will allow the baby to make eye to eye contact with the mother.
  
 
|  
 
|  
−
* Then bend the baby’s hips slightly outward.
+
 
−
* Remember -
+
|-
−
** to keep baby’s arms above the mother’s breast and
+
|Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for '''KMC'''.
−
** legs below the mother’s breast and
+
| Then bend the baby’s hips slightly outward.
−
** the baby’s abdomen on the chest of the mother.
+
 
 +
|-
 +
|Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for '''KMC'''.
 +
| Remember -
 +
*to keep baby’s arms above the mother’s breast and
 +
*legs below the mother’s breast and
 +
*the baby’s abdomen on the chest of the mother.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 270: Line 284:
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Image: A health worker is wrapping a cloth around the baby and torso of the mother.
+
| Image: A health worker is wrapping a cloth around the baby and abdomen of the mother.
  
 
| Then,
 
| Then,
Line 276: Line 290:
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Image: A health worker is wrapping a cloth around the baby and the mother’s torso for '''KMC'''.
+
| Image: A health worker is wrapping a cloth around the baby and the mother’s abdomen for '''KMC'''.
−
Image: A health worker is wrapping a cloth around the baby and the mother’s torso for '''KMC'''.
+
  
−
| While wrapping make sure-
+
 
−
* The centre of the cloth is on a baby and
+
| While wrapping make sure -
−
* Both ends of the cloth should pass through the armpits of the mother.
+
 
−
* And should cross at the back.
+
1. The center of the cloth is on a baby  
−
* After that bring the edges of the cloth in the front.
+
 
−
* Secure these edges of the cloth with a safe knot under the baby’s bottom.
+
2. And both ends of the cloth should -
−
* This is comfortable and helps support the baby.
+
*pass through the armpits of the mother
−
* Also it avoids slipping of the baby.
+
*and should cross at the back.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|Image: A health worker is wrapping a cloth around the baby and the mother’s abdomen for '''KMC'''.
 +
|3. After that bring the edges of the cloth in the front.
 +
4. Secure these edges of the cloth with a safe knot under the baby’s bottom.
 +
*This is comfortable and helps support the baby.
 +
*Also it avoids slipping of the baby.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 294: Line 314:
  
 
| Remember-
 
| Remember-
−
* As the mother becomes comfortable, she should learn to wrap the cloth by herself.
+
* as the mother becomes comfortable, she should learn to wrap the cloth by herself.
−
* The technique of self-wrapping during '''KMC''' will be explained in another tutorial of the same series.
+
 
−
* It will-
+
|-
−
** increase the mother’s confidence and
+
|Image: A mother is wrapping a cloth around herself and the baby for '''KMC'''.
−
** make her independent.
+
|The technique of -
 +
 
 +
Self-wrapping during '''KMC''' will be explained in another tutorial of the same series.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|Image: A mother is wrapping a cloth around herself and the baby for '''KMC'''.
 +
|It will increase the mother’s confidence and make her independent.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 304: Line 330:
  
 
|  
 
|  
−
* If mother is uncomfortable while using a cloth then she can use a stretchy band.
+
If mother is uncomfortable while using a cloth then she can use a stretchy band.
 
* It is easy and comfortable to use.
 
* It is easy and comfortable to use.
  
Line 312: Line 338:
 
Image: A health worker is adjusting the baby’s head.
 
Image: A health worker is adjusting the baby’s head.
  
−
Image: The baby is looking at the mother.
+
|While using a stretchy band-
 +
*adjust the edge of the band above the baby’s ear to support his head.
  
−
|  
+
|-
−
* While using a stretchy band-
+
|Image: The baby is looking at the mother.
−
** adjust the edge of the band above the baby’s ear to support his head.
+
|Then, tilt the baby’s head slightly-
−
* Then, tilt the baby’s head slightly-
+
* to allow the baby to breathe freely and
−
** to allow the baby to breathe freely and
+
* to make eye to eye contact with the mother as explained earlier.
−
** To make eye to eye contact with the mother as explained earlier.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 326: Line 352:
 
Image: Comfortably wrapped cloth with a green check mark.
 
Image: Comfortably wrapped cloth with a green check mark.
 
|  
 
|  
−
* The wrapped cloth or stretchy band should not be too tight or too loose.
+
The wrapped cloth or stretchy band should not be too tight or too loose.
−
* It should be comfortable enough for the baby to breathe freely.
+
* it should be comfortable enough for the baby to breathe freely.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 339: Line 365:
  
 
|  
 
|  
−
*Remember, while carrying a baby in '''KMC''' position, mother should be able to-
+
Remember, while carrying a baby in '''KMC''' position, mother should be able to-
−
** walk
+
* walk,
−
** stand
+
* stand,
−
** sit or
+
* sit or
−
** Involve in different activities.
+
* involve in different activities.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 352: Line 378:
 
|  
 
|  
 
* If a mother is very comfortable then-
 
* If a mother is very comfortable then-
−
she can even sleep during '''kangaroo care''' in a reclined or a semi-reclined position.
+
she can even sleep during '''Kangaroo care''' in a reclined or a semi-reclined position.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 360: Line 386:
  
 
| Now let’s discuss how to feed the baby during '''KMC'''-
 
| Now let’s discuss how to feed the baby during '''KMC'''-
−
* Either mother can feed the baby-
+
1. Either mother can feed the baby-
−
** by simply loosening the wrapped cloth and
+
* by simply loosening the wrapped cloth and
−
** positioning the baby for breastfeeding.
+
* positioning the baby for breastfeeding.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 370: Line 396:
  
 
| Or
 
| Or
−
* she can manually express the breast milk and
+
2. she can manually express the breast milk and
−
** feed the baby using a cup or spoon.
+
* feed the baby using a cup or spoon.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 379: Line 405:
 
* Each day baby should gain up to 25-30 grams of weight.
 
* Each day baby should gain up to 25-30 grams of weight.
 
* Expected weight gain of a baby in a month is up to 900 to 1,000 grams.
 
* Expected weight gain of a baby in a month is up to 900 to 1,000 grams.
−
* Hence, mother or health worker should monitor the weight of the baby during routine check-ups.
+
 
 +
|-
 +
|Image: A baby is kept on a digital weighing scale.
 +
|Hence, mother or health worker should -
 +
*monitor the weight of the baby during routine check-ups.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 388: Line 418:
 
Image: A health worker is guiding the mother.
 
Image: A health worker is guiding the mother.
  
−
Image: Correct latching.
 
 
|  
 
|  
−
* If the baby fails to gain sufficient weight-
+
If the baby fails to gain sufficient weight-
−
** health worker should monitor the breastfeeding technique of the mother or
+
* health worker should monitor the breastfeeding technique of the mother or
−
** check how many times the baby urinates
+
* check how many times the baby urinates
−
** also, guide the mother about the correct latching.
+
* also, guide the mother about the correct latching.
−
** Correct latching has been explained in an another tutorial in the same series.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Image: A mother is untieing the knot.
+
|Image: Correct latching.
 +
| Correct latching has been explained in an another tutorial in the same series.
  
−
Image: A mother is supporting the baby's bottom with one hand from outside of the wrapped cloth.
+
|-
 +
| Image: A mother is un-tying the knot.
  
−
Image: A mother is loosening the wrapped cloth.
+
Image: A mother is supporting the baby's bottom with one hand from outside of the wrapped cloth.
  
 
| Next,
 
| Next,
−
Let’s learn how to remove the baby from the wrapped cloth.
+
Let’s learn how to remove the baby from the wrapped cloth -
  
−
* Firstly, the mother should sit in the upright position.
+
1. firstly, the mother should sit in the upright position.
−
* Then, start untying the knot with one hand and
+
 
−
* support the baby’s bottom with other hand on the outside of wrapped cloth.
+
2. then, start untying the knot with one hand and
−
After that-
+
 
−
* Loosen the wrapped cloth with the same hand which was earlier used for untying the knot.
+
3. support the baby’s bottom with other hand on the outside of wrapped cloth.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|Image: A mother is loosening the wrapped cloth.
 +
|After that-
 +
* loosen the wrapped cloth with the same hand which was earlier used for untying the knot.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 416: Line 451:
  
 
| Then-
 
| Then-
−
* Shift the hand under the cloth which was supporting the baby’s bottom and
+
* shift the hand under the cloth which was supporting the baby’s bottom and
−
* Use the other hand to support the baby’s bottom from outside the cloth.
+
* use the other hand to support the baby’s bottom from outside the cloth.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 423: Line 458:
 
|  
 
|  
 
* Now, lift the baby up and free her from the wrapped cloth.
 
* Now, lift the baby up and free her from the wrapped cloth.
−
After that,
+
 
−
* Remember to hold the baby’s head in a way-
+
|-
−
** where the thumb is behind one ear and
+
|Image: A mother is removing the baby from the wrapped cloth.
−
** other fingers are around the other ear.
+
|After that, remember to hold the baby’s head in a way-
 +
* where the thumb is behind one ear and
 +
* other fingers are around the other ear.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 445: Line 482:
 
the mother should immediately consult the doctor and the health worker -
 
the mother should immediately consult the doctor and the health worker -
  
−
* If the baby is not alert and active.
+
* if the baby is not alert and active.
−
* If the baby is breathing too fast or taking too long pauses.
+
* if the baby is breathing too fast or taking too long pauses.
−
* If the baby’s lips or tongue turns blue and
+
* if the baby’s lips or tongue turns blue and
−
* If baby’s feet are cold
+
* if baby’s feet are cold
  
  

Revision as of 13:41, 5 February 2019

Visual Cue
Narration
Title Slide Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on Kangaroo mother care.
Image: Mother is holding the baby in the KMC position.

Image: Skin-to-skin contact with the mother.

Image: A mother is breastfeeding a baby.

Image: A grouped image of advantages of KMC.

Image: A grouped image of steps involved in KMC.

In this tutorial, we will learn -
  • What is Kangaroo mother care?
  • The components, importance and
  • Procedure of Kangaroo mother care
Image: Skin-to-skin contact with the mother.

Image: Kangaroo

Image: Kangaroo mother care

Let us begin with the introduction of Kangaroo mother care?

As the name suggests -

1. it involves, keeping the baby in skin to skin contact with the mother.

2. and it is popularly known as KMC.

Image: Delivery of a baby

Image: A baby kept on the weighing scale with a downward arrow.

Image: A healthy full-term baby.

Image: A baby with respiratory problems

Image: A baby kept in radiant warmer.

Remember,

KMC should be given as soon as the baby is born.

  • It is especially recommended for low birth weight babies-
    • whose birth weight is less than 2.5 kilograms and
    • who do not require continuous monitoring
  • However, it can be used for all normal, healthy full-term babies too.  
Image: Skin-to-skin contact.

Image: A mother is breastfeeding baby.

GIF: Clock animation.

KMC consists of two main components:
  • Continuous and prolonged skin to skin contact between the mother and her baby and
  • Exclusive breastfeeding
Image: A baby is placed on a mother’s upper abdomen in KMC position.

Image: Let down reflex

Image: A mother is breastfeeding the baby with an upward arrow.


Let’s discuss these components in detail.
  • The first component is skin to skin contact.
    • it improves the Let down reflex
    • and ultimately increases the breast milk production.
Image: Bonding between mother and baby Let down reflex has been explained in another tutorial of the same series.
Image: A health worker is monitoring the mother while breastfeeding.

GIF: Calendar animation.

The second component is exclusive breastfeeding.

Note that-

  • Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months.
Image: Skin-to-skin contact between the mother and the baby.

Image: Thermometer and new-born baby.


Next, let’s discuss the importance of Kangaroo care
  • Prolonged skin to skin contact during KMC helps maintain the baby's body temperature
  • and the baby feels more secure.
Image: Bacterias.

GIF: Infant apnea.

KMC also decreases -

1. the frequency of infection and

2. the rate of apnea in babies.

  • Apnea is defined as long pauses in breathing.
GIF: Animation of a clock to show the duration

Image: A mother is breastfeeding the baby.

Apart from these-

  • KMC improves the frequency and duration of breastfeeding
  • And it strengthens the emotional bonding between the mother and her baby.
Image: A mother carrying the baby in KMC position

Image: A baby kept in the radiant warmer

Image: A stressed mother and a baby

Image: KMC baby and stable baby

KMC also helps the baby-

to gain weight than any other conventional methods such as-

  • keeping the baby in radiant warmer.
  • which creates stress for the baby and the mother as well.
Image: A mother is looking(smiling) at the baby while carrying her in KMC position.

It also improves the satisfaction and confidence in the mother -

  • as she takes extra effort for her baby.
Image: The father carrying a baby in the KMC position.

Image: Other adult family member carrying a baby in the KMC position.

Interestingly, apart from mothers, KMC can be provided by-
  • Father or
  • Any adult family member too.
Image: Handwashing

Image: Daily bath

Image: Clipped fingernails

Image: Tied up hair

Image: Clean clothes

We will now discuss the points to be followed by KMC provider:

  • The KMC provider should be healthy and free from illness.
  • He or she should follow basic hygiene practices such as-
    • hand washing,
    • daily bath,
    • clipped fingernails,
    • tied up hair and
    • clean clothes.
Image: Jewellery, watches, threads, etc.

He or she should not wear any jewellery, watches and threads -

  • as these may become the barriers to maintain the hygiene
  • and it can cause injury to the baby.
Image: Front open dress, sari-blouse Now, let us discuss the type of clothes the provider should wear during KMC -
  • clothes should be front open and lightweight
  • for example, sari-blouse or front open gown
Image: Front open gown or blouse around the KMC wrap Note that,

The KMC provider should wear this front open gown or blouse around the KMC wrap.

Image: KMC binders.

GIF: Clock animation.

Image: Soft cotton fabric.

Kangaroo bags or binders can be bought from the market as well.
  • These are useful if KMC has to be done for an extended period.
  • Alternately, KMC provider can use soft clean cotton fabric.
Image: A mother is carrying the baby in KMC position where a baby has worn a cap and a nappy.

Image: A baby passing urine during KMC.

Image: A mother cleaning the baby’s bottom.

Whereas, the baby during KMC should -

1. wear a cap and a nappy.

2. if the baby passes stool or urine during KMC then -

  • she should be cleaned and dried thoroughly.
Image: A baby in KMC position.

Image: A mother is standing in an upright position.

Next, we will move onto the procedure of Kangaroo care in detail.
  • Firstly, the mother should stand in an upright position.
Image: A health worker is placing the baby on mother’s breast.

Image: A health worker is turning the baby’s head towards one side.

Then, either a health worker or any family member should do -

the following things, step-wise-

  • By supporting the baby’s bottom and head-
    • place the baby between the mother’s bare breasts in an upright position.
    • then, turn the baby’s head to one side.
Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for KMC. Make sure,
  • the baby’s head is slightly bending backward.
Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for KMC. This position will -
  • keep the baby’s nose airways open
  • and will allow the baby to make eye to eye contact with the mother.
Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for KMC. Then bend the baby’s hips slightly outward.
Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for KMC. Remember -
  • to keep baby’s arms above the mother’s breast and
  • legs below the mother’s breast and
  • the baby’s abdomen on the chest of the mother.
Image: Warm icon

Image: A health worker is placing a blanket on the baby. (KMC position)

Before wrapping with the cloth-
  • Cover the baby with a blanket if environment is cold.
  • It will keep the baby and the mother warm.
Image: A health worker is wrapping a cloth around the baby and abdomen of the mother. Then,
  • Wrap a cloth around the baby and mother’s chest and abdomen.
Image: A health worker is wrapping a cloth around the baby and the mother’s abdomen for KMC.


While wrapping make sure -

1. The center of the cloth is on a baby

2. And both ends of the cloth should -

  • pass through the armpits of the mother
  • and should cross at the back.
Image: A health worker is wrapping a cloth around the baby and the mother’s abdomen for KMC. 3. After that bring the edges of the cloth in the front.

4. Secure these edges of the cloth with a safe knot under the baby’s bottom.

  • This is comfortable and helps support the baby.
  • Also it avoids slipping of the baby.
Image: A mother is wrapping a cloth around herself and the baby for KMC.

Image: A Mother is looking at the baby.

Remember-
  • as the mother becomes comfortable, she should learn to wrap the cloth by herself.
Image: A mother is wrapping a cloth around herself and the baby for KMC. The technique of -

Self-wrapping during KMC will be explained in another tutorial of the same series.

Image: A mother is wrapping a cloth around herself and the baby for KMC. It will increase the mother’s confidence and make her independent.
Image: Stretchy band

If mother is uncomfortable while using a cloth then she can use a stretchy band.

  • It is easy and comfortable to use.
Image: A health worker is adjusting the edge of the wrap.

Image: A health worker is adjusting the baby’s head.

While using a stretchy band-
  • adjust the edge of the band above the baby’s ear to support his head.
Image: The baby is looking at the mother. Then, tilt the baby’s head slightly-
  • to allow the baby to breathe freely and
  • to make eye to eye contact with the mother as explained earlier.
Image: Too tight wrapped cloth and too loose wrapped cloth with a red cross mark.

Image: Comfortably wrapped cloth with a green check mark.

The wrapped cloth or stretchy band should not be too tight or too loose.

  • it should be comfortable enough for the baby to breathe freely.
Image: A KMC provider is standing.

Image: A KMC provider is walking.

Image: A KMC provider is sitting.

Image: A KMC provider is doing household chores.

Remember, while carrying a baby in KMC position, mother should be able to-

  • walk,
  • stand,
  • sit or
  • involve in different activities.
Image: A KMC provider is sleeping in a reclined position.

Image: A KMC provider is sleeping in a semi-reclined position.

  • If a mother is very comfortable then-

she can even sleep during Kangaroo care in a reclined or a semi-reclined position.

Image: A mother is loosening the wrap for breastfeeding.

Image: A mother is breastfeeding the baby

Now let’s discuss how to feed the baby during KMC-

1. Either mother can feed the baby-

  • by simply loosening the wrapped cloth and
  • positioning the baby for breastfeeding.
Image: A mother is manually expressing the breastmilk.

Image: A mother is feeding the baby using a cup and spoon.

Or

2. she can manually express the breast milk and

  • feed the baby using a cup or spoon.
Image: A baby is kept on a digital weighing scale. Remember,
  • Each day baby should gain up to 25-30 grams of weight.
  • Expected weight gain of a baby in a month is up to 900 to 1,000 grams.
Image: A baby is kept on a digital weighing scale. Hence, mother or health worker should -
  • monitor the weight of the baby during routine check-ups.
Image: A health worker is monitoring the breastfeeding technique of the mother.

Image: A mother is changing the nappy of the baby.

Image: A health worker is guiding the mother.

If the baby fails to gain sufficient weight-

  • health worker should monitor the breastfeeding technique of the mother or
  • check how many times the baby urinates
  • also, guide the mother about the correct latching.
Image: Correct latching. Correct latching has been explained in an another tutorial in the same series.
Image: A mother is un-tying the knot.

Image: A mother is supporting the baby's bottom with one hand from outside of the wrapped cloth.

Next,

Let’s learn how to remove the baby from the wrapped cloth -

1. firstly, the mother should sit in the upright position.

2. then, start untying the knot with one hand and

3. support the baby’s bottom with other hand on the outside of wrapped cloth.

Image: A mother is loosening the wrapped cloth. After that-
  • loosen the wrapped cloth with the same hand which was earlier used for untying the knot.
Image: A mother is shifting her hand inside the wrapped cloth. Then-
  • shift the hand under the cloth which was supporting the baby’s bottom and
  • use the other hand to support the baby’s bottom from outside the cloth.
Image: A mother is removing the baby from the wrapped cloth.
  • Now, lift the baby up and free her from the wrapped cloth.
Image: A mother is removing the baby from the wrapped cloth. After that, remember to hold the baby’s head in a way-
  • where the thumb is behind one ear and
  • other fingers are around the other ear.
Image: Inactive baby during KMC

GIF: Too long pauses during breathing

GIF: Too fast breathing.

Image: Baby’s lips and tongue

Image: Baby’s feet.

Image: A mother is talking to a doctor or health worker.

During KMC-

the mother should immediately consult the doctor and the health worker -

  • if the baby is not alert and active.
  • if the baby is breathing too fast or taking too long pauses.
  • if the baby’s lips or tongue turns blue and
  • if baby’s feet are cold


This brings us to the end of this tutorial on Kangaroo mother care.

Acknowledgement slide Thanks for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Bellatony911, Rajani st

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