GChemPaint/C2/Formation-of-molecules/Gujarati

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Time Narration
00:01 નમસ્તે મિત્રો,
00:02 GChemPaint. માં અણુની રચના પરનાં આ ટ્યુટોરીયલમાં સ્વાગત છે.
00:08 આ ટ્યુટોરીયલમાં, આપણે આપેલ વિશે શીખીશું,
00:11 *
00:14 * વર્તમાન એલિમેન્ટ બદલાતા
00:16 * Add Alkyl groups ઉમેરતા
00:18 * carbon chain ને ઉમેરો અને ફેરફાર કરતા .
00:21 અહી હું વાપરી રહ્યી છું: Ubuntu Linux OS આવૃત્તિ. 12.04 GChemPaint આવૃત્તિ 0.12.10
00:33 આ ટ્યુટોરીયલનાં અનુસરણ માટે તમે પરિચિત હોવા જોઈએ ,
00:38 GChemPaint કેમિકલ સ્ટ્રક્ચર એડિટર.
00:41

જો નથી , સંદર્ભિત ટ્યુટોરીયલો માટે, કૃપા કરી અમારી વેબસાઈટની મુલાકાત લો.

00:47 અહી સ્ટ્રક્ચરોની સ્લાઈડ છે Propane, Butane અને Heptane.
00:54 સ્લાઈડ માં બતાવ્યા પ્રમાણે Propane અને Butane સ્ટ્રક્ચર સાથે મેં નવું GChemPaint એપ્લીકેશન ખોલ્યું છે.
01:03 ચાલો ટર્મિનલ Carbon પરમાણું ને Butane સ્ટ્રક્ચરમાં Chlorine પરમાણું સાથે બદલીશું.
01:10 આ માટે હું Periodic table combo બટન નો ઉપયોગ કરીશ.
01:15 Current element ડ્રોપ-ડાઉન એરો બટન પર ક્લિક કરો.
01:19 આ બટન ને Periodic table combo બટન કહેવાય છે.
01:23 Modern periodic table આંતરિકની નોંધ લો.
01:27 ટેબલ પરથી Cl પર ક્લિક કરો.
01:30 ટૂલ બોક્ક્ષમાં Cl ની નોંધ લો.
01:33 Add or modify an atom ટૂલ પર ક્લિક કરો.
01:37 Clorine (Cl) પરમાણું ને બદલવા માટે ટર્મિનલ પરમાણું પર ક્લિક કરો.
01:43 નવું સ્ટ્રક્ચર મેળવ્યું છે તે છે 1,2-Dichloroethane.
01:48 ચાલો સ્ટ્રક્ચરની નીચે તેનું નામ લખીએ.
01:52 Add or modify a text ટૂલ પર ક્લિક કરો.
01:56 ટેક્સ્ટ ટૂલ્સ પ્રોપર્ટી પેજ ખુલે છે.
01:59 Click on the Display area below the structure.
02:03 You can see the blinking cursor enclosed in a green box.
02:08 Type 1,2-Dichloroethane in the box .
02:14 Click on Select one or more objects tool, to close the text tool's property page.
02:21 Next let's replace the central Carbon atom in Propane structure with Oxygen atom.
02:28 Place the cursor near the central atom of Propane structure.
02:33 Press capital O.
02:35 A Sub-menu with O and Os opens.
02:39 Select O.
02:40 Carbon and Hydrogen atoms will be replaced by Oxygen atom.
02:46 The new structure obtained is Dimethylether.
02:51 Let's write its name below the structure.
02:54 Click on Add or modify a text tool.
02:58 Click on the Display area below the structure.
03:01 Type Dimethylether in the box.
03:06 Let's save the file now.
03:08 Click on Save the current file icon on the toolbar
03:12 Save as dialog box opens.
03:15 Enter the file name as Chloroethane-ether.
03:20 Click on Save button.
03:23 Let's Click on Close button to close the window.
03:27 Here is an assignment
03:29 Draw 'Ethane and Pentane structures.
03:32 Replace one Carbon atom of Ethane with Br.
03:36 Replace the terminal Carbon atoms of Pentane with I.
03:41 Your completed assignment should look like this.
03:45 Now I will explain about Alkyl groups.
03:49 Alkyl group is a fragment of Alkane.
03:53 For example: Methyl CH3 is a fragment of Methane CH4
04:00 Successive members of an Alkyl group differ by a CH2 group.
04:06 Homologues of the Alkyl group series include,
04:10 Methyl CH3
04:15 Ethyl C2H5
04:20 Propyl C3H7
04:23 Butyl C4H9 and so on.
04:29 I have opened a new GChemPaint application with Heptane structure.
04:35 Now I will demonstrate how to number the carbon chain positions.
04:40 Numbering helps to identify the chain positions.
04:44 Click on Add or modify a text tool.
04:48 Click on the Display area near the first chain position.
04:52 Enter 1 in the green box.
04:55 Next, click near the second chain position.
04:59 Enter 2 in the box.
05:02 Likewise I will number the other chain positions as 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.
05:13 Now let's branch Heptane using Alkyl groups at various positions.
05:19 Let us add a Methyl group to the third position.
05:24 Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one tool.
05:30 Click on the position.
05:32 Observe the change in the atoms.
05:36 Let us add an Ethyl group on the fifth position.
05:40 Click on Add a chain tool.
05:43 Click on the position.
05:46 Next I will display atoms on all positions.
05:51 Right-click on the position.
05:53 A Submenu opens
05:55 Select Atom and then click on Display symbol.
05:59 Likewise I will display atoms at other positions.
06:06 Let's see how many times we can branch at one position.
06:12 Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one tool.
06:18 Click on the fourth position.
06:21 Click again.
06:23 Observe the branching in the Carbon chain.
06:27 Try to click for the third time.
06:30 We do not see the branching.
06:33 Note that branching is possible only twice at each position.
06:39 This is because it satisfies Carbon's tetra valency.
06:43 To save the file, Press CTRL+ S.
06:47 Save as dialog box, opens.
06:50 Enter the file name as Alkyl Groups.
06:53 Click on Save button.
06:57 Let's Summarize what we have learnt.
07:00 In this tutorial we have learnt to,
07:03 * Add and modify structure of compounds
07:07 * Change current element
07:09 * Add Alkyl groups
07:12 * Add and modify carbon chain
07:15 As an assignment,
07:16 Draw Octane structure .
07:18 Add Propyl and Butyl groups at the fourth and fifth positions of the chain.
07:25 Your completed assignment should look like this.
07:29 Watch the video available at this URL http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial
07:33 It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project
07:38 If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it
07:42 The Spoken Tutorial Project Team Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials
07:47 Gives certificates to those who pass an online test
07:51 For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org
07:57 Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project
08:02 It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD,

Government of India

08:09 More information on this Mission is available at this link http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro
08:15 This brings us to the end of this tutorial.
08:19 Animation is done by Udhaya Chandrika.
08:22 This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay signing off. Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Jyotisolanki, PoojaMoolya