Git/C3/Working-with-Remote-Repositories/English-timed
From Script | Spoken-Tutorial
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| 00:01 | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on Working with Remote Repositories. |
| 00:06 | In this tutorial, we will learn - What is Remote repository and |
| 00:12 | How to synchronize data to the Remote repository |
| 00:16 | For this tutorial, I am using Ubuntu Linux 14.04 |
| 00:22 | Git 2.3.2 |
| 00:25 | gedit Text Editor and |
| 00:28 | Firefox web browser |
| 00:30 | You can use any editor and web browser of your choice. |
| 00:36 | For this tutorial, you will need a working Internet connection. |
| 00:41 | You should also have knowledge of basics of Git commands. |
| 00:46 | If not, for relevant Git tutorials, please visit the link shown. |
| 00:52 | First let us understand what is a Remote repository. |
| 00:56 | A repository which is hosted on the internet or any network is called Remote repository. |
| 01:04 | Using this centralized repository, people can collaborate on a project from anywhere in the world, at anytime. |
| 01:13 | Say, for example, there are 3 users who want to work jointly in the same repository. |
| 01:21 | Git allows them to take a copy of the Remote repository into their local system. |
| 01:28 | This will be done using clone command. |
| 01:31 | Then they can work offline with the local repository. |
| 01:36 | Once the work is satisfied, they have to synchronize it back to the main repository. |
| 01:43 | This will be done using Push and pull commands. |
| 01:48 | You will understand the full process at the end of this tutorial. |
| 01:53 | First we will open our GitHub repository which we created earlier. |
| 01:59 | In the right side, we can see the URL of this repository. |
| 02:05 | Let’s copy this URL. |
| 02:08 | We are going to make a copy of this repository using the URL to create a local repository. |
| 02:16 | Let’s open the terminal. |
| 02:18 | Let us understand now how two users can work in the same Remote repository. |
| 02:24 | For this, I have already created two directories named User1 and User2 on my Desktop. |
| 02:33 | Please do so on your Desktop also. |
| 02:36 | In the same terminal, I will open the directories in 2 different tabs. |
| 02:43 | In the first tab, type cd space User1 |
| 02:49 | To open second tab, click on File menu and select Open Tab. |
| 02:55 | In the second tab, type cd User2 |
| 03:00 | Let us go to the tab User1. |
| 03:03 | Now let us make a copy of the Remote repository. |
| 03:08 | Type git space clone and then paste the copied URL space and type a dot at the end of this command. |
| 03:17 | Dot indicates that we are going to copy the repository inside the same directory i.e. User1. |
| 03:25 | Otherwise, it will create a new directory with the repository name as stories. |
| 03:31 | Now press Enter. |
| 03:33 | The clone command will copy the whole central folder and make it as a local repository. |
| 03:40 | Type ls. You can see that the content of the Remote repository is copied here. |
| 03:48 | Next, I will change the user name and email id of this repository for better understanding. |
| 03:55 | I have already created two more GitHub users - priya-spoken1 and kaushik-spoken - for demonstration purpose. |
| 04:04 | I will use them here. |
| 04:14 | Let us check the Git log. |
| 04:16 | You can see the same commits of the Remote repository. |
| 04:21 | Likewise, I will clone the repository inside the directory User2 in the second tab. |
| 04:28 | Here also I will change the user name and email id as I did earlier for User1. |
| 04:35 | Next, let us understand how these users will work in the Remote repository. |
| 04:41 | Let’s say, User1 will be working on a file named lion-and-mouse.html. |
| 04:48 | To create the file, type gedit lion-and-mouse.html. |
| 04:54 | I will copy and paste some text into this file, from my Writer document, which I had saved earlier. |
| 05:02 | Likewise, you can add some content into your file. |
| 05:06 | Let's add the file into the staging area. |
| 05:11 | Type git add lion-and-mouse.html |
| 05:17 | Next let us commit the newly added file. |
| 05:21 | Type git commit hyphen m within quotes Added lion-and-mouse.html. |
| 05:29 | Next we have to synchronize the local repository with the main Remote repository. |
| 05:35 | Before synchronizing the repository, we will learn about remotes. |
| 05:40 | The URL of a Remote repository is called Remote. |
| 05:45 | We can give a nickname to the URL. |
| 05:49 | It will be useful when we work on many Remote repositories. |
| 05:54 | When we synchronize the repository, we can simply use the nickname, instead of typing the full URL. |
| 06:01 | The default nickname of a Remote is always origin. |
| 06:06 | Now let us learn how to add a Remote. |
| 06:10 | Switch back to our terminal. |
| 06:13 | Type git remote. You can see that the default Remote name is origin. |
| 06:20 | Next let us see how to add a nickname to the Remote. |
| 06:25 | Type git remote add stories and type the URL of the Remote repository. |
| 06:32 | Here I will name the Remote as stories that is the Remote repository name. |
| 06:38 | Now press Enter key. |
| 06:41 | Again to check the Remote list, type git remote. |
| 06:46 | You can see that the Remote is added to the list. |
| 06:50 | Now we will synchronize the local repository with the main Remote repository. |
| 06:55 | To do so, type git push stories master |
| 07:00 | Here stories is the Remote name and master is the branch where we update the changes. |
| 07:07 | Now press Enter. |
| 07:09 | I will type priya-spoken1 as username of User1 and press Enter. |
| 07:17 | Type the corresponding password of User1. |
| 07:21 | Recall that I created this username earlier for demonstration purpose. |
| 07:27 | Please use your username and password here. |
| 07:31 | It throws an error unable to access. |
| 07:35 | Why did this error occur? This is because we don't have access to the Remote repository. |
| 07:42 | So now, let us learn how to give access permission to the contributors. |
| 07:48 | Switch back to GitHub repository. |
| 07:51 | Click on the last tab - Settings - in the top panel. |
| 07:55 | Then click on Collaborators link in the left side box. |
| 08:00 | Type your GitHub account password for confirmation. |
| 08:04 | Here in the text box, we can add the names of the collaborators. |
| 08:10 | Understand that anyone can clone this GitHub repository. |
| 08:15 | But the people who we add as collaborator, can push to the repository. |
| 08:21 | Now I will add the two users priya-spoken1 and kaushik-spoken. |
| 08:27 | You can see that the user name is listed when I type in the text box. |
| 08:33 | Click on Add Collaborator button to add the user as collaborator. |
| 08:38 | I will also add the other user kaushik-spoken. |
| 08:43 | You can see here the added names are listed. |
| 08:47 | Now we will try to push into the Remote repository. |
| 08:51 | Switch back to terminal. |
| 08:54 | Type git push stories master |
| 08:58 | Give the username and password of the user who has the access to the repository. |
| 09:04 | You can see that we have pushed it successfully. |
| 09:08 | Next, let us check the GitHub repository to see whether our changes are updated. |
| 09:14 | Switch back to the GitHub repository. |
| 09:17 | Click on the Code tab. |
| 09:20 | Let’s check the commit list. |
| 09:23 | You can see that the commit of the collaborator is listed here. |
| 09:28 | Next, let us learn how User2 can collaborate with the Remote repository. |
| 09:34 | Switch back to the terminal. |
| 09:37 | Let’s say, User2 is working on a file named friends.html. |
| 09:43 | To create the file, type gedit friends.html. |
| 09:49 | I will copy and paste some text into this file, from my Writer document. |
| 09:54 | Likewise, you can add some content into your file. |
| 09:59 | Let's add the file into the staging area. |
| 10:03 | Next let’s commit the newly added file. |
| 10:07 | Type git commit hyphen m within quotes Added friends.html. |
| 10:15 | Next we have to synchronize the local repository with the main Remote repository. |
| 10:21 | Type git push origin master |
| 10:25 | Remember that we didn't add Remote to this local repository. |
| 10:30 | So here we are using the default Remote name origin. |
| 10:34 | Now press Enter. |
| 10:37 | Type the GitHub username and password of the User2. |
| 10:42 | It throws an error which says failed to push. |
| 10:46 | Also, it shows the reason for the error: the remote contains work that you do not have locally. |
| 10:53 | Remember that the User1 has pushed a commit earlier. |
| 10:58 | But User2 doesn't have the work of User1 in its local repository. |
| 11:04 | It also gives a suggestion to run git pull command to rectify the error. |
| 11:10 | So first, we have to pull down the work of User1 and incorporate it into the User2’s local repository. Let’s do it now. |
| 11:21 | Type git pull origin master |
| 11:25 | First it will fetch the data from Remote repository then merge it with the local repository. |
| 11:32 | So it opens an editor to give a message for merging. |
| 11:36 | Let’s keep the same message and close the editor by pressing Ctrl + X. |
| 11:42 | Now again, we will try to push the data. Type git push origin master |
| 11:50 | Give the username and password of User2. |
| 11:54 | You can see that we could successfully push the data now. |
| 11:59 | Next let us check the GitHub repository to see whether our changes are updated. |
| 12:05 | Switch back to the GitHub repository. |
| 12:08 | Click on the repository name Stories. |
| 12:12 | You can see that the file friends.html is now added to the repository. |
| 12:18 | Let’s check the commit list now. |
| 12:21 | You can see that the commit of User2 is also listed here. |
| 12:26 | With this, we come to the end of this tutorial. |
| 12:30 | Let us summarize. In this tutorial, we have learnt - |
| 12:35 | What is Remote repository and |
| 12:38 | How to synchronize data to the Remote repository |
| 12:42 | As an assignment, Create one more user named User3 |
| 12:47 | Clone data for User3 |
| 12:50 | Start working on the local repository of User3 and |
| 12:54 | Try to push data from User3 |
| 12:58 | The video at the following link summarises the Spoken Tutorial project. |
| 13:03 | Please download and watch it. |
| 13:05 | The Spoken Tutorial Project Team conducts workshops and gives certificates to those who pass online tests. |
| 13:12 | For more details, please write to us. |
| 13:16 | Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
| 13:22 | More information on this Mission is available at the following link. |
| 13:27 | This is Priya from IIT Bombay. Thanks for joining. |
