LibreOffice-Suite-Math-6.3/C2/Matrices-and-Aligning-equations/English

Title: Matrices and Aligning Equations

Keywords: Libreoffice Math, Libreoffice Writer, Matrices, equations, align, format, addition, equations, multiplication, spoken tutorial, video tutorial.

Visual Cue	Narration
Slide:Title Slide	Welcome to this spoken tutorial on Matrices and Aligning Equations.
Slide: Learning Objectives	In this tutorial, we will learn how to: Write a matrix Format the matrices Align the equations
Slide: System Requirements	This tutorial is recorded using: Ubuntu Linux OS version 18.04 and LibreOffice Suite version 6.3.5
Slide: Prerequisites https:\\spoken-tutorial.org	To follow this tutorial, learner should be familiar with Math interface. If not please access the relevant tutorials on this website.
Slide: Code Files	The files used in this tutorial are provided in the Code files link. Please download and extract the files. Make a copy and use them for practising.
Open the MathExample1.odt	Let us first open the MathExample1.odt file.
Pause in each page for a few seconds. Scroll to the next page and repeat. Press Ctrl + Enter, to go to a new page.	Notice all the previous example formulae which we had written using Math. Press Ctrl and Enter keys to go to a new page.
Type Matrices and Aligning Equations	On the new page, type Matrices and Aligning Equations.
Insert menu >> select Object. From the submenu >> select Formula option.	Now let us call the Math application inside Writer. Click on the Insert menu and select Object. From the sub-menu, select Formula option.
Click on Format >> Select Font size. In the Font sizes dialog box change the Base Size to 18 pt. Click OK button Click on Format >> Select Alignment >> Click Left option. Click OK button	Let us change the font size to 18 point and alignment to Left.
Slide: Matrix	Let us now see what matrix is? Matrix is a rectangular array of numbers or symbols, called elements. Math has a separate markup to represent a matrix.
Show the text editor with examples.	I have written a few examples of matrices in a text editor. I will copy and paste them to save time.
Highlight in Formula Editor. Copy and paste: "Example of a 2x3 Matrix:" newline newline A ~=~ ( matrix {a # b # c ## d # e# f } ) newline newline	This is a matrix markup for a 2 by 3 matrix. This matrix has 2 rows and 3 columns.
Highlight in Formula Editor. Point mouse over matrix word. Point mouse over individual # symbol Point mouse over ## symbols. Point mouse over ( and ). Point mouse over ( and ) in Writer gray box	We have used the matrix markup. We have included its elements in curly brackets. Elements are separated using a hash symbol. Rows in the matrix are separated using two hash symbols. Parentheses are used to enclose the elements of a matrix.
Point to the Parentheses. Point to the elements.	Notice that the parentheses are short. They do not enclose all the elements of the matrix. Parentheses are of the same size as each element. Hence they are not scalable to the size of the matrix.
Point to the elements and parentheses. Type Left just before ( character and Right before ) character in the formula	To make the parentheses scalable, we will use Left and Right keywords. Type Left before the opening parenthesis. Type Right before closing the parenthesis.
Point to the Writer gray box	Notice that parentheses have now enclosed all the elements.
Highlight in Formula Editor. Copy and paste "Example of 4x1 Matrix: " newline newline B ~=~ Left ( matrix {1##2##3##4} Right ) newline newline Point mouse over ( and )	Next we will see another example matrix. The markup for a 4 by 1 matrix is shown in the formula editor. This is a 4 by 1 matrix in the preview area.
Point to the Writer gray box	Notice that parentheses have enclosed all the elements.
Change () to [ ] B ~=~ Left [ matrix {1##2##3##4} Right ] newline newline In Formula Editor Window, Point mouse over last line.	Here we can also use square brackets instead of parentheses. We can write matrices of any dimension using the matrix markup.
Highlight in Formula editor. Press Enter twice	Let us now write an example for matrix addition. Press the Enter key twice to add two blank lines.
Copy and paste: "Example of 2x3 Matrix Addition:" newline newline Left( matrix {a # b # c ## d # e# f } Right) Left( matrix {%alpha # %beta # %gamma ## %theta # %eta # %mu } Right)	Let us write two 2 by 3 matrices one beside the other as shown on the screen.
Click in between the gap of these two matrices. Point mouse over the cursor in the FEW. Type ~+~ in between these two matrices	Next, let us add a plus sign in between the two matrices to denote addition. Click between the two matrices and add a plus sign with a blank format.
Type ~=~ at the end of the last line.	Next let us add an ‘equal to’ symbol at the end with a blank format.
Copy and paste at the end: Left( matrix {a+%alpha # b+%beta # c+%gamma ## d+%theta # e+%eta # f+%mu } Right) newline newline Point mouse over the last formula in the Writer gray box.	The third matrix on the right denotes the addition. Notice that we have used Greek characters in our example.
Click Save icon on Standard toolbar.	Let us now save the file.
Copy and paste: "Example of Matrix Multiplication with a number: " newline newline 4 times Left( matrix {%alpha # %beta # %gamma ## %theta # %eta # %mu } Right)	Next, let us see an example of multiplying a matrix with a number. This is a 2 by 3 matrix multiplied by 4. We have written 4 times followed by the matrix.
Type ~=~ at the end.	Let us write the ‘equal to’ symbol at the end with a blank space.
Copy and paste at the end: Left( matrix {4%alpha # 4%beta # 4%gamma ## 4%theta # 4%eta # 4%mu } Right) newline newline newline Point mouse over the last formula in Writer gray box	This is the markup for the matrix product. This is the product of multiplying a 2 by 3 matrix with a number.
Click on Format, and point on the sub menu slowly one by one.	Now, we will format the matrices. Click on the Format menu. We can choose Fonts, Font Sizes, Spacing or Alignment options for formatting.
Click on the Spacing option. Default sizes: Line Spacing field 3% Column spacing field 30% Point to the dialog box.	Let us choose the Spacing option. Spacing dialog box opens.
Click on the Category drop down at the bottom, and choose Matrices Change Line spacing to 20%, Column spacing to 40% Click on the OK button. Point mouse over Writer gray box.	In the Category drop down, let us choose Matrices. Let’s change the Line spacing to 20 percent and Column spacing to 40 percent. Click on the OK button in the dialog box.
Point in the Writer gray box	Notice that the matrices and their elements are properly spaced.
Slide: Assignment	Pause the video and do this assignment. Open Math-assignment.odt file. Write steps to multiply a 2x3 matrix by a 3x1 matrix. Use formatting options to change the fonts, font sizes and spacing.
Only narration	Now, we will use matrices to write simultaneous equations and align them.
Press Ctrl and Enter keys.	Press Ctrl and Enter keys to go to a new page.
Insert menu >> select Object. From the submenu >> select Formula option.	Let us open the Math application. Click on the Insert menu and select Object. From the submenu, select Formula.
Click on Format >> Select Font size. In the Font sizes dialog box change the Base Size to 18 pt. Click OK button	Let us change the font size to 18 point.
In Formula Editor Window, press Enter, key twice, Copy and paste: "Simultaneous Equations: " newline newline 2x+y = 8 newline x+y=6 newline newline	Let us now write a set of Simultaneous equations as shown on the screen.
Point mouse over the last formula Write Gray box Point mouse over 2x, point over y, point over =.	Notice that they are not aligned at the plus sign and equal to character. We can use the matrix markup to align them. We can separate each part of the equation and treat it as element of a matrix. Here, 2x, y, plus sign and equal to are different parts of the equation.
Press Enter	Press Enter key.
In Formula Editor Window, Press Enter, twice, copy and paste: matrix { 2x # {}+{} # y # {}={} # 8 ## x # {}+{} # y # {}={} # 6 } Point to the curly brackets. Point mouse over # symbols Point mouse over ## symbol	This is a new set of matrix markup. Here alignment at the plus sign and equal to sign is done using the curly brackets. Also note that a hash symbol is used to separate each element of this equation. We have used two hash symbols to separate the equations.
In the Writer gray box	This is a perfectly aligned set of equations.
	Let us write another set of equations.
In Formula Editor Window,, press Enter twice, copy and paste: newline newline x+y=2 newline x=2-y newline newline Point mouse over last formula in the Writer gray box	Notice the equations on the screen. Note that LHS ad RHS do not have equal number of parts. Hence they are not aligned at the plus sign, minus sign and equal to sign.
In Formula editor window, press Enter, twice, copy and paste: matrix{ alignr x+y # {}={} # alignl 2 ## alignr x # {}={} # alignl 2-y } In Formula editor window, point mouse over alignr and alignl and the ‘=’ character. Point mouse over the last formula Write Gray box	Let us write the matrix markup to align them.
Point to the equatios.	Here we have used alignr and alignl to align the parts. Note that the set of equations are aligned to right and left of the equal to sign.
Ctrl + S	Let us now save the changes.
Narration only:	With this we come to the end of this tutorial. Let us summarize.
Slide: Summary	In this tutorial we have learnt how to: Write a matrix Format the matrices and Align the equations
Slide: Assignment	Here is an assignment for you: Open Math-assignment.odt file. Write a set of three equations. Align the equations at the plus or minus signs and equal to character.
Slide: About Spoken Tutorial Project	The video at the following link summarises the Spoken Tutorial project. Please download and watch it.
Slide: Spoken tutorial workshops	We conduct workshops using spoken tutorials and give certificates. For more details, please contact us.
Slide: Answers for THIS Spoken Tutorial	Please post your Timed queries in this forum.
Slide: Acknowledgement	The Spoken Tutorial project is funded by the Ministry of Education, Govt. of India.
Slide: Thank you Acknowledgement to DesiCrew	This tutorial was originally contributed by DesiCrew Solutions Pvt. Ltd. in 2011 This is Madhuri Ganapathi along with the Spoken Tutorial team from IIT Bombay. Thank you for watching.

Contributors and Content Editors

Madhurig, Nancyvarkey, Nirmala Venkat