Linux-for-Sys-Ads/C2/Modifying-User-Account/English-timed

Time	Narration
00:01	Hello and welcome to the spoken tutorial on Modifying User Account in Linux.
00:08	In this tutorial we will learn about usermod command
00:13	Modifying attributes of user account
00:17	Locking and unlocking password or account
00:21	We will do this through some examples.
00:25	To record this tutorial, I am using Ubuntu Linux 16.04 Operating System
00:33	To practice this tutorial, you should have gone through the Linux System Administration tutorials on this website and
00:42	You must have root access to your computer.
00:47	The command usermod is used to modify the attributes of an already created user account.
00:55	This is the syntax.
00:58	Here the options part is not mandatory.
01:03	This command supports many options.
01:06	We will learn them through some examples.
01:10	Earlier in the series, we had created a user radha.
01:15	Now let’s modify the user account attributes of radha by using the usermod command.
01:23	Open the terminal by pressing Ctrl, Alt and T keys simultaneously on the keyboard.
01:32	First, we will login as superuser or root user.
01:37	To do so, type sudo space su and press Enter.
01:44	Type your password and then press Enter.
01:48	Notice, our login prompt has now changed to a hash symbol.
01:54	This indicates that we are in the root user mode.
01:59	Here onwards, please remember to press the Enter key after typing each command.
02:05	We will check the user id and group information for user radha.
02:11	On the terminal type id space radha
02:17	Notice, user ID of radha is 1002
02:23	In order to modify user ID to 1100,
02:28	On the terminal we have to type- usermod space hyphen u in small letter space 1100 space radha
02:40	Now once again, type id space radha.
02:45	Notice that the UID has been changed to 1100.
02:51	usermod command can be used to modify a user’s primary and supplementary group.
02:58	User radha belongs to primary group CSE And supplementary groups music_club and sports_club.
03:08	We will change the primary group from CSE to electronics.
03:14	We will also change the supplementary group to literature_club.
03:20	But we have not created the groups electronics or literature_club.
03:27	So, first we have to create these two groups.
03:31	Switch to the terminal. Type addgroup space electronics
03:39	Group electronics is added with GID 1006.
03:45	Next, type addgroup space literature_club.
03:51	Group literature_club is added with GID 1007.
03:58	Now, to modify the primary and supplementary groups, type: usermod space -g space electronics space -G in caps space literature_club space radha
04:18	hyphen capital G option removes the user from previous supplementary groups
04:25	In this case, it removes from the previous supplementary groups.
04:29	And adds the user to the new group literature_club
04:35	Type id space radha
04:39	Now we can see that the primary group is set to electronics. And supplementary group is set to literature_club.
04:49	How can you add a user to a new supplementary group while retaining the previous groups?
04:56	For this, you should use -a option.
05:01	a option denotes append.
05:05	Say for example, user radha wishes to be in both music_club and literature_club groups.
05:15	For this type: usermod space hyphen a space hyphen G in caps space music_club space radha
05:29	Once again, type id space radha
05:34	Notice that user radha now belongs to two supplementary groups - music_club and literature_club
05:44	Suppose we now want to change the login name itself from radha to testmod.
05:52	To do this, on the terminal type the following: usermod space hyphen l space testmod space radha
06:04	Now user radha has become user testmod.
06:09	Let’s search for testmod’s details in /etc/passwd file.
06:17	Type grep space testmod space /etc/passwd
06:26	Notice that the login name or user name has changed but the home directory remains the same.
06:34	Ideally, we should rename the home directory to match the login name.
06:40	There are 2 methods to do this.
06:43	Method 1: We can manually rename the home directory to match the login name.
06:50	Let me do that now.
06:52	Type mv space slash home slash radha space slash home slash testmod
07:02	This command will rename directory radha to testmod.
07:09	Now, use any text editor to update the entry in slash etc slash passwd file.
07:18	I will be using gedit text editor.
07:22	Type gedit space slash etc slash passwd space ampersand
07:32	Now search for slash home slash radha
07:37	Replace it with slash home slash testmod
07:42	Save and close the file.
07:45	Press Ctrl C to stop the currently running process.
07:51	Now press the Up arrow key to get the grep command for user testmod. And press Enter.
08:00	Notice that we have testmod as the new home directory for the user testmod.
08:08	Method 2: We can change the home directory for the user radha with the help of usermod command.
08:17	The syntax to change the home directory of user radha to the directory named testmod is as follows: usermod space -m space -d space slash home slash testmod space radha
08:37	This command will change the home directory of user radha to testmod
08:44	-d is used to modify the directory for any existing user account
08:51	-m moves the contents of the existing home directory to the new home directory.
08:59	The new directory will be created, if it does not already exist.
09:05	Important note: We should write hyphen d option immediately after the new directory name. Else we will get an error.
09:17	I will not demonstrate this because we have already changed the home directory using method 1.
09:25	Now let’s learn how to modify the user’s login shell and comments field.
09:32	Notice that our current login shell is /bin/bash and we have “Radha” as comments.
09:41	On the terminal type usermod space hyphen s space slash bin slash sh space hyphen c space within double quotes This is modified user space testmod
10:00	Press the Up arrow key to get previous grep command.
10:05	Notice, we have changed the values in shell and comments field.
10:11	As a system admin you may need to lock a user account for various reasons, like violation of some rules by the user.
10:21	To lock the user testmod, type: usermod space hyphen L in Caps space testmod
10:31	Now type cat space slash etc slash shadow
10:38	On doing so, we get an exclamation mark added before the encrypted password for user testmod.
10:46	So, no password will match it anymore.
10:50	We have also seen this while locking password with passwd command.
10:56	It will lock only the access to password.
11:00	If you wish to lock the account itself, you should also set the expiry date to 1.
11:07	For that type usermod space hyphen capital L space hyphen e space 1 space username
11:19	It will prevent the user from logging in from any other source including ssh.
11:26	I will skip the demonstration of this command.
11:30	To unlock the account we have to type: usermod space hyphen U in caps space testmod
11:41	Once again check the contents of /etc/shadow file.
11:47	Notice, the exclamation mark is removed now.
11:51	It means the password is not locked.
11:55	We have seen all the options supported by usermod command.
12:00	You can use the man command anytime to get details of usermod command.
12:06	Type man space usermod
12:10	Notice, all the details about this command as shown.
12:16	Type q to quit from this command.
12:20	To exit from the root user access, type exit And press Enter.
12:27	This brings us to the end of this tutorial. Let us summarize.
12:33	In this tutorial we learnt about- usermod command, Modifying attributes of user account, Locking and unlocking password or account
12:47	As assignment, modify user account amit such that Primary group is electronics
12:56	Supplementary groups are music_club and literature_club
13:03	Set home directory as amit_newDir
13:09	Include comment "Stream Change Student"
13:13	Perform all the mentioned tasks in a single command.
13:18	Check the entry of user account amit in /etc/passwd and /etc/group files
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14:00	The script has been contributed by Antara And this is Praveen from IIT Bombay signing off. Thanks for joining.

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