Python-3.4.3/C2/Using-plot-command-interactively/English

Python/C2/Creating-simple-plots-using-IPython/English

Title of script: Using plot command interactively in IPython.

Author: Thirumalesh H S

Keywords: Python, IPython, plot , pylab, matplotlib

Visual Cue	Narration
Show slide [Slide with MHRD logo]	Hello friends. Welcome to the tutorial on using plot command interactively in IPython
Show slide Objectives	At the end of this tutorial, you will be able to, Create simple plots of mathematical functions. Use the Plot window to study plots better.
Show slide System Specifications	To record this tutorial, I am using Ubuntu Linux 14.04 operating system Python 3.4.3 IPython 5.1.0
Show slide Pre-requisites	Pre-requisites to practise this tutorial are - You should know how to run basic Python commands on the ipython console. If not, for relevant Python tutorials, please visit this website. http://spoken-tutorial.org
[Terminal] ipython3	Let us first open the Terminal by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T keys simultaneously. Now, type ipython3 and press Enter.
[IPython console] %pylab and press Enter.	Let us initialise the pylab package Type percentage pylab and press Enter
	Let's first understand what is Pylab
Show Slide Pylab	Pylab is a convenient Python module - which provides plotting functionality and has mathematical and scientific functions.
[iPython console] Highlight “Using matplotlib backend: TkAgg ”	After running %pylab in the iPython console you will see a message “Using matplotlib backend: TkAgg ”. This means matplotlib is running.
Show Slide Error if matplotlib is not installed	But sometimes you may get an error that says “ImportError: No module named matplotlib”. In such cases, you have to install matplotlib and run this command again.
[iPython console] linspace?	Let's come back to the ipython console. Type 'linspace' followed by a question mark in ipython console. Press Enter Please note that the command is linspace and not linespace.
Type q	The displayed information says that linspace returns evenly spaced numbers, which are calculated over the interval start and stop. Press q to exit the documentation and return to the console.
[iPython console] linspace(1, 100, 100) >> press Enter.	Let's try to generate 100 points from 1 to 100.Type linspace brackets 1 comma 100 comma 100 Here, 1 is the start , 100 is the stop and the next 100 is the number of points. Now, press Enter. As you can see, a sequence of numbers from 1 to 100 is displayed.
[iPython console] linspace(0, 1, 200) >> press Enter.	Now let's try to generate 200 points between 0 and 1. We do that by typing linspace brackets 0 comma 1 comma 200 and press enter. Here is the expected sequence of numbers.
	In linspace, the start and stop points can be integers, decimals, or constants.
[iPython console] linspace(-pi, pi, 100)	Let us now learn about the len function. First we will generate 100 points between -pi and pi. So type linspace brackets minus pi comma pi comma 100 and press enter Here 'pi' is a constant defined by pylab.
[iPython console] t = linspace(-pi, pi, 100)	Now, let us save this to a variable, say t. Press enter
[iPython console] len(t)	If we now type len bracket t and press Enter, we will get the number of points between minus pi and pi.len function gives the no. of elements present in a given sequence.
[iPython console] plot(t, cos(t))	Next, let's try and plot a cosine curve between minus pi and pi.For this, we use the plot command. Type plot brackets t comma cos(t) and press Enter.
	As you can see from the cosine plot, cos(t) gets the cosine value at every point corresponding to point t.
[iPython console] cosine = cos(t)plot(t, cosine)	We can also assign the value of cos(t) to a variable cosine by typing cosine equals to cos(t). Press Enter And then plot by typing plot(t comma cosine) and press enter
Show slide clf function()	To clear the plot, we have to use the clf() function. This avoids overlapping of new plots over older plots.
[iPython console] clf()	In the console, type clf() and press Enter. The previous plot is cleared and a blank plot window is displayed.
[iPython console] plot(t, sin(t))	Now, let's try to plot a sine plot. Type plot brackets t comma sin(t) and press Enter. A sine plot is displayed.
[Plot window] Show plotted sine curve	To study the plot better on the plot window, we can use various options that are available on it. Let us have a look at these options.
[Plot window] Move the mouse along the plot	Moving the mouse pointer along the plot gives us the location of each point on the plot.
Point to the buttons on the bottom left of the window.	Notice here. At the bottom left of the window, there are a few buttons.
[Plot window] Save the plot as sin_curve.pdf	The right-most among them is for saving the file. Just click on it and type the file name. Let us save the plot by the name sin_curve in pdf format.
Click on the drop-down to show the available formats	Click on the dropdown here. As you can see, there are many formats in which to save the file.Formats like png, eps, pdf, and ps are available. We have to specify the format that we prefer at the time of saving.
[Plot window] Point the mouse on the slider button	To the left of the save button, is the slider button. Using this button, we can specify the margins of the plot window.
[Plot window] Show how to zoom. Press zoom button and specify region to zoom	To the left of the slider button is the zoom button. It is used to zoom into the plot. Just specify the region to zoom into.
[Plot window] Press Move button and move the axes.	The button to the left of zoom can be used to move the axes of the plot.
[Plot window] Press Back and Forward Button	The next two buttons with left and right arrow icons change the state of the plot. It takes us to the previous or next state of the plot. It acts like the back and forward button in a browser.
[Plot window] Press home button	The last one is 'home' referring to the initial plot.
Show Slide Exercise 1	Pause the video here, try out the following exercise and then resume the video. Plot (sin(x)*sin(x)) / x. Save the plot as sinsquarebyx.pdf Zoom and find the maxima. Bring it back to initial position.
Show Slide Summary	This brings us to the end of this tutorial. In this tutorial, we have learnt to, Start IPython with pylab. Use the linspace function to create equally spaced points in a region. Find the length of sequences using len function. Plot mathematical functions using plot. Clear drawing area using clf. Usage of buttons in the UI of the plot window such as - save, zoom, move axis, back and forward and Home
Show Slide Assignment	Here are some self assessment questions for you to solve - Create 100 equally spaced points between -pi/2 and pi/2 How can we find the length of a sequence? What will the command linspace(-pi,pi,100) do? returns 100 evenly spaced samples from -pi to pi returns 100 evenly spaced samples from -pi to pi excluding pi but including -pi returns 100 evenly spaced samples from -pi to pi excluding -pi but including pi returns 100 evenly spaced samples from -pi to pi including both -pi and pi
Show Slide Solutions	And the answers, We use the command linspace(-pi/2,pi/2,100) to create 100 equally spaced lines between the points -pi/2 and pi/2. len(sequence_name) is the function used to find out the length of a sequence. The command linspace(-pi,pi,100) will return 100 evenly spaced samples from -pi to pi including both -pi and pi.
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Show Slide Thank You	This is __________ from IIT Bombay signing off. Thanks for watching

Contributors and Content Editors

Nancyvarkey, Nirmala Venkat, Vineeta