ChemCollective-Virtual-Labs/C2/Effect-of-temperature-on-solubility/English

Visual Cue	Narration
Slide Number 1 Title Slide	Hello everyone. Welcome to this tutorial on Effect of Temperature on Solubility using Vlabs.
Slide Number 2 Learning Objectives	In this tutorial, we will learn About solubility of salts with temperature. Check if solubility is exothermic or endothermic. Study the relationship between solubility and heat transfer.
Slide Number 3 Pre-requisites www.spoken-tutorial.org	To follow this tutorial, you should be familiar with ChemCollective Vlabs interface. If not for relevant tutorials please visit our website.
Slide Number 4 System Requirement	Here I am using Mac OS version 10.10.5 ChemCollective Vlabs version 2.1.0 Java version 8
Point to window	Here I have opened a virtual chemistry lab application window.
Go to File->Load homework option. Select Solubility and Solids. Click on Temperature and solubility of salts.	Go to File->Load homework option. Select Solubility and Solids. Click on Temperature and solubility of salts option.
Click on problem description	Click on problem description in the stockroom explorer.
Point to problem description.	Please pause the video here and read the problem description. Resume the video once you finish reading.
Cursor on the window	The problem has 3 sections. In the First section: Check solubilities of Potassium chloride and Cerium(III)sulphate with temperature. In the Second section: Observe whether dissolution of Potassium chloride and Cerium sulphate is exothermic or endothermic. In the Third section: we have to explain the observations in section 1 and 2 based on a chemical principle.
Go back to workbench	Click on Workbench. Let us select required chemicals and apparatus for this experiment.
From the Stockroom explorer, Click on Potassium chloride, Ce2(SO4)3 and distilled water icons.	From the Stockroom explorer, Click on Potassium chloride,Cerius sulfate and Distilled water icons.
Click on glassware icon. Select 50 mL Graduated Cylinder.	Click on glassware icon. Select 50 mL Graduated Cylinder.
Click on glassware icon. Select 250 mL Erlenmeyer Flask.	Again click on glassware icon. Select 250 mL Erlenmeyer Flask.
Right-click, select Duplicate option from the context menu.	We need two copies of 250 mL Erlenmeyer Flasks. Use Duplicate option from the context menu to make the copies.
Click on select tools icon. Select Scale and weighing boat.	Click on select tools icon. Select Scale and Weighing boat.
Right-click, select Duplicate option from the context menu.	We need two copies of Weighing boats. Again use Duplicate option from the context menu.
Right-click, select Rename option from the context menu.	Use context menu and rename the Erlenmeyer Flasks as 1 and 2. Similarly rename the Weighing boats as 1 and 2.
Drag weighing boats and Erlenmeyer Flasks to each corner on the workbench.	Now place each set of apparatus separately on the workbench.
Drag the distilled water tank over to graduated cylinder. In the transfer amount input bar, Type 50. Click on Pour. Keep the distilled water aside.	Drag the Distilled water tank over to graduated cylinder. In the Transfer amount input bar, type 50. Click on Pour. Keep the Distilled water aside.
Drag and place the graduated cylinder over flask 1. In the transfer amount input bar, Type 50. Click on pour. Keep the graduated cylinder aside.	Transfer 50 mL of Distilled water to flask 1 using Precise Transfer. Keep the graduated cylinder aside.
Drag the weighing boat 1 and place it on the scale. Click on TARE.	Drag the weighing boat 1 and place it on the scale. Click on TARE.
Drag the potassium chloride bottle over to weighing boat. Type 5 in the transfer amount input bar. Click on Pour. Keep Potassium chloride bottle aside.	Drag the Potassium chloride bottle over to weighing boat 1. Type 5 in the transfer amount input bar. Click on Pour. Keep Potassium chloride bottle aside.
Drag the weighing boat 1 and place it on Flask 1. In the transfer amount input bar, Type 5. Click on pour. Drag the weighing boat aside.	Drag the weighing boat 1 and place it on Flask 1. In the transfer amount input bar, Type 5. Click on pour. Keep the weighing boat aside.
In the Solution Info Panel, click on Solid radio button. Point to Species and grams columns.	In the Solution Info Panel, click on Solid radio button. Observe, Species and grams columns. Since all the potassium chloride is soluble in water, there is no solid Potassium chloride in the flask. Hence it indicates zero grams. This indicates that potassium chloride is readily soluble in water.
Place the weighing boat back on the Scale. Press TARE. Type 15 in the transfer amount input bar. Click on pour.	Let us keep on adding Potassium chloride to flask 1 until undissolved Potassium chloride remains in flask 1. Place the weighing boat 1 back on the Scale. Click on TARE. Drag and place Potassium chloride bottle over weighing boat 1 Type 15 in the transfer amount input bar. Click on pour. Keep Potassium chloride bottle aside.
Tools>>Transfer Bar>>Realistic Transfer. Drag and place weighing boat 1 over flask 1. Click on Pour button gradually.	Change the Transfer Bar to Realistic Transfer using Tools menu. Drag and place weighing boat 1 over flask 1. Click on Pour button gradually.
Point to Solution info panel.	Observe the Solution info panel. Observe grams column, approximately 2 grams of Potassium chloride remains undissolved.
Cursor on Workbench.	Let us now check if increase in temperature increases or decreases the solubility.
Click on Select tool icon, choose Bunsen Burner. Bring the Bunsen Burner close to flask 1.	Click on Select tool icon, choose Bunsen Burner. Bring the Bunsen Burner close to flask 1.
Place flask 1 over Bunsen Burner.	Place flask 1 over Bunsen Burner. The flask gets heated quickly and undissolved potassium chloride dissolves completely.
Point to Solution info panel.	Observe the temperature, as temperature increases potassium chloride dissolves. At approximately 40oC, potassium chloride dissolves completely. Note that grams column shows zero value.
Click on the Burner. Two black arrows pointing up and down appear. Click on the down pointing arrow to turn off the burner.	We can turn off the flame of the Bunsen Burner when not required. Click on the Burner. Two black arrows pointing up and down appear. Click on the down pointing arrow to turn off the Burner.
Cursor on the workbench.	Now I will demonstrate the solubility of Cerium(III) Sulphate.
Slide Number 5 Solubility	Note that solubility of Cerium(III) Sulphate is much lower than potassium chloride.
Drag the distilled water tank over to graduated cylinder. In the transfer amount input bar, Type 50. Click on pour. Keep the distilled water aside.	Transfer 50 mL of Distilled water to graduated cylinder using Precise transfer. Keep the Distilled water aside.
In the transfer amount input bar, Type 50. Click on pour. Keep the graduated cylinder aside.	Now transfer 50 mL of Distilled waterv to flask 2 using Precise transfer. Keep the graduated cylinder aside.
Drag the Weighing boat 2 and place it on the Scale. Click on TARE. Tools>> Transfer Bar>> Precise Transfer.	Drag Weighing boat 2 and place it on the Scale. Click on TARE.
Drag the Cerium(III) Sulphate bottle over to Weighing boat 2. Type 1 in the transfer amount input bar. Click on Pour. Keep Cerium(III)Sulphate bottle aside.	We will begin by dissolving just 1 g of Cerium(III) Sulphate. Transfer 1 g of Cerium(III) Sulphate to Weighing boat 2. Keep Cerium(III) Sulphate bottle aside.
Drag the Weighing boat 2 and place it on Flask 2. In the transfer amount input bar, type 1. Click on Pour. Keep the Weighing boat aside.	Transfer 1 g of Cerium(III) Sulphate from Weighing boat 2 to Flask 2. Keep the Weighing boat aside.
Point to Solution info panel.	In the Solution info panel, observe Species and grams columns. Since all the Cerium(III) Sulphate is soluble in water, it indicates zero grams.
Place the Weighing boat 2 on Scale. Press TARE. Type 5 in the transfer amount input bar. Click on Pour.	Let us add more Cerium(III) Sulphate to flask 2 to check the solubility. Place the Weighing boat 2 back on the Scale. Press TARE. Weigh 5 grams of Cerium(III) Sulphate.
Tools>> Transfer Bar>> Realistic Transfer. Point to Solution info panel. Drag and place Weighing boat 2 over flask 2. Click on Pour button gradually.	Change the transfer bar to Realistic Transfer. Drag and place Weighing boat 2 over flask 2. Click on Pour button gradually. Keep the Weighing boat 2 aside.
Observe the Solution info panel.	Observe the Solution info panel. Observe grams column, approximately 3 grams of Cerium(III) Sulphate remains undissolved.
Cursor on the Workbench.	Let us now check if increase in temperature increases or decreases the solubility.
Place the Bunsen Burner close to flask 2. Click on the up pointing arrow at the side of the Burner. Place flask 2 over Bunsen Burner.	Bring the Bunsen Burner close to flask 2. Click on the up pointing arrow to turn-on the burner. Place flask 2 over Bunsen Burner.
Point to Solution info panel.	Observe that grams column shows increase in value. As the temperature increases, solubility of Cerium(III)Sulphate decreases.
Click on the down pointing arrow at the side of the Burner.	Turn-off the Burner.
Slide Number 6 Results	For potassium chloride, solubility increases with increase in temperature. For Cerium(III)Sulphate, solubility decreases with increase in temperature.
Click on Problem description window.	Click on Problem description window. We need to check if dissolution of potassium chloride and Cerium (III) Sulphate is endothermic or exothermic.
Click on Workbench.	Click on Workbench.
Click on the flask and press Delete on the keyboard.	Let us delete Erlenmeyer Flasks from the workbench. Click on the flask and press Delete on the keyboard.
Click on glassware icon. Select Foam Cup. Right-click, select Duplicate option from the context menu.	Click on glassware icon. Select Foam Cup. We need two copies of Foam Cups. Use Duplicate option from the Context menu.
Right-click, select Rename option from the context menu.	Rename Foam Cups as 1 and 2.
Drag the distilled water tank over to graduated cylinder. In the transfer amount input bar, type 50. Click on Pour. Keep the distilled water aside.	Change the Transfer Bar to Precise Transfer. Transfer 50 mL of Distilled water to graduated cylinder using Precise transfer. Keep the Distilled water aside.
Drag Foam cup 1 and keep at the center of the table. Drag and place the graduated cylinder over Foam cup 1. In the transfer amount input bar, Type 50. Click on Pour. Keep the graduated cylinder aside.	Place Foam cups at a convenient location on the workbench. Transfer 50 mL of Distilled water to Foam cup 1 using Precise transfer. Keep the graduated cylinder aside.
Click on Foam cup 1. Point to temperature.	Click on Foam cup 1. In the Solution info panel, observe the temperature on the thermometer. It shows 25o C.
Slide Number 7 Foam cup acts as Calorimeter for measurements made at constant pressure. Heat exchange does not happen easily as it is a better insulator than glass.	Foam cup acts as Calorimeter for measurements made at constant pressure. Heat exchange does not happen easily as it is a better insulator than glass.
Place the weighing boat 1 on the scale. Press TARE. Drag the potassium chloride bottle over to weighing boat. Type 5 in the transfer amount input bar. Click on pour. Keep potassium chloride bottle aside.	Place the weighing boat 1 on the Scale. Press TARE. Weigh 5 grams of potassium chloride. Keep potassium chloride bottle aside.
Bring weighing boat 1 over to Foam cup 1. Type 5 in the transfer amount input bar. Click on pour.	Bring weighing boat 1 over to Foam cup 1. Type 5 in the transfer amount input bar. Click on pour.
Click on Foam cup 1. Point to temperature on Solution info panel.	Again click on Foam cup 1. Observe the temperature, it is now 21o C. Dissolution of potassium chloride in water absorbs heat, hence temperature decreases. It is an endothermic process.
Cursor on Workbench.	Now let us repeat the same procedure for Cerium(III) Sulphate.
Drag and place the graduated cylinder over Foam cup 2. In the transfer amount input bar, Type 50. Click on pour. Keep the graduated cylinder aside.	Fill the graduated cylinder with 50 mL Distilled water. Transfer 50 mL of water from graduated cylinder to Foam cup 2.
Click on Foam cup 2. Point to temperature on Solution info panel.	Click on Foam cup 2. Note the temperature of water, it shows 25o C.
Drag Cerium(III)Sulphate bottle over to weighing boat 2. Type 2 in the transfer amount input bar. Click on pour.	Place weighing boat 2 on the Scale. Press TARE. Weigh 2 grams of Cerium(III) Sulphate. Keep Cerium(III) Sulphate bottle aside.
Bring Weighing boat 2 over to Foam cup 2. Type 2 in the transfer amount input bar. Click on Pour. Keep the Weighing boat aside.	Drag Weighing boat 2 over to Foam cup 2. Type 2 in the transfer amount input bar. Click on Pour. Keep the Weighing boat aside.
Click on Foam cup 2. Point to temperature on Solution info panel.	Again Click on Foam cup 2. Observe the temperature, it is now 27.54o C. Dissolution of Cerium(III) Sulphate in water releases heat, hence temperature increases. It is an exothermic process.
Slide Number 6 Results Salt Initial Temp Temp after dissolution Reaction Solubility with increase in Temp KCl (5 g) 25o C 21o C Endothermic Increases Ce2(SO4)3 (2 g) 25o C 27o C Exothermic decreases	Let us now analyse the results. We observed that: For an endothermic process, solubility increases as temperature increases. For an exothermic process, solubility decreases as temperature increases. These observations follow Le Chatelier's principle.
Slide Number 7 Summary	Let us summarize. In this tutorial we have, Determined the solubilities of potassium Chloride and Cerium(III)sulphate with increase in temperature. Observed that solubility of, potassium chloride is Endothermic and Solubility of Cerium(III)Sulphate is exothermic.
Slide Number 8 Assignment 1	As an assignment, List some examples of exothermic and endothermic processes in your daily lives. Explain why heat is absorbed or evolved during a reaction.
Slide Number 9 Assignment 2	Determine whether dissolution of Sodium Chloride is exothermic or endothermic. (Hint: The problems are under Solubility topic in load homework window)
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	This tutorial is contributed by Snehalatha kaliappan and Madhuri Ganapathi from IIT Bombay. Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Madhurig, Snehalathak