Git/C3/Working-with-Remote-Repositories/English-timed

Time	Narration
00:01	Welcome to the spoken tutorial on Working with Remote Repositories.
00:06	In this tutorial, we will learn - What is Remote repository and
00:12	How to synchronize data to the Remote repository
00:16	For this tutorial, I am using Ubuntu Linux 14.04
00:22	Git 2.3.2
00:25	gedit Text Editor and
00:28	Firefox web browser
00:30	You can use any editor and web browser of your choice.
00:36	For this tutorial, you will need a working Internet connection.
00:41	You should also have knowledge of basics of Git commands.
00:46	If not, for relevant Git tutorials, please visit the link shown.
00:52	First let us understand what is a Remote repository.
00:56	A repository which is hosted on the internet or any network is called Remote repository.
01:04	Using this centralized repository, people can collaborate on a project from anywhere in the world, at anytime.
01:13	Say, for example, there are 3 users who want to work jointly in the same repository.
01:21	Git allows them to take a copy of the Remote repository into their local system.
01:28	This will be done using clone command.
01:31	Then they can work offline with the local repository.
01:36	Once the work is satisfied, they have to synchronize it back to the main repository.
01:43	This will be done using Push and pull commands.
01:48	You will understand the full process at the end of this tutorial.
01:53	First we will open our GitHub repository which we created earlier.
01:59	In the right side, we can see the URL of this repository.
02:05	Let’s copy this URL.
02:08	We are going to make a copy of this repository using the URL to create a local repository.
02:16	Let’s open the terminal.
02:18	Let us understand now how two users can work in the same Remote repository.
02:24	For this, I have already created two directories named User1 and User2 on my Desktop.
02:33	Please do so on your Desktop also.
02:36	In the same terminal, I will open the directories in 2 different tabs.
02:43	In the first tab, type cd space User1
02:49	To open second tab, click on File menu and select Open Tab.
02:55	In the second tab, type cd User2
03:00	Let us go to the tab User1.
03:03	Now let us make a copy of the Remote repository.
03:08	Type git space clone and then paste the copied URL space and type a dot at the end of this command.
03:17	Dot indicates that we are going to copy the repository inside the same directory i.e. User1.
03:25	Otherwise, it will create a new directory with the repository name as stories.
03:31	Now press Enter.
03:33	The clone command will copy the whole central folder and make it as a local repository.
03:40	Type ls. You can see that the content of the Remote repository is copied here.
03:48	Next, I will change the user name and email id of this repository for better understanding.
03:55	I have already created two more GitHub users - priya-spoken1 and kaushik-spoken - for demonstration purpose.
04:04	I will use them here.
04:14	Let us check the Git log.
04:16	You can see the same commits of the Remote repository.
04:21	Likewise, I will clone the repository inside the directory User2 in the second tab.
04:28	Here also I will change the user name and email id as I did earlier for User1.
04:35	Next, let us understand how these users will work in the Remote repository.
04:41	Let’s say, User1 will be working on a file named lion-and-mouse.html.
04:48	To create the file, type gedit lion-and-mouse.html.
04:54	I will copy and paste some text into this file, from my Writer document, which I had saved earlier.
05:02	Likewise, you can add some content into your file.
05:06	Let's add the file into the staging area.
05:11	Type git add lion-and-mouse.html
05:17	Next let us commit the newly added file.
05:21	Type git commit hyphen m within quotes Added lion-and-mouse.html.
05:29	Next we have to synchronize the local repository with the main Remote repository.
05:35	Before synchronizing the repository, we will learn about remotes.
05:40	The URL of a Remote repository is called Remote.
05:45	We can give a nickname to the URL.
05:49	It will be useful when we work on many Remote repositories.
05:54	When we synchronize the repository, we can simply use the nickname, instead of typing the full URL.
06:01	The default nickname of a Remote is always origin.
06:06	Now let us learn how to add a Remote.
06:10	Switch back to our terminal.
06:13	Type git remote. You can see that the default Remote name is origin.
06:20	Next let us see how to add a nickname to the Remote.
06:25	Type git remote add stories and type the URL of the Remote repository.
06:32	Here I will name the Remote as stories that is the Remote repository name.
06:38	Now press Enter key.
06:41	Again to check the Remote list, type git remote.
06:46	You can see that the Remote is added to the list.
06:50	Now we will synchronize the local repository with the main Remote repository.
06:55	To do so, type git push stories master
07:00	Here stories is the Remote name and master is the branch where we update the changes.
07:07	Now press Enter.
07:09	I will type priya-spoken1 as username of User1 and press Enter.
07:17	Type the corresponding password of User1.
07:21	Recall that I created this username earlier for demonstration purpose.
07:27	Please use your username and password here.
07:31	It throws an error unable to access.
07:35	Why did this error occur? This is because we don't have access to the Remote repository.
07:42	So now, let us learn how to give access permission to the contributors.
07:48	Switch back to GitHub repository.
07:51	Click on the last tab - Settings - in the top panel.
07:55	Then click on Collaborators link in the left side box.
08:00	Type your GitHub account password for confirmation.
08:04	Here in the text box, we can add the names of the collaborators.
08:10	Understand that anyone can clone this GitHub repository.
08:15	But the people who we add as collaborator, can push to the repository.
08:21	Now I will add the two users priya-spoken1 and kaushik-spoken.
08:27	You can see that the user name is listed when I type in the text box.
08:33	Click on Add Collaborator button to add the user as collaborator.
08:38	I will also add the other user kaushik-spoken.
08:43	You can see here the added names are listed.
08:47	Now we will try to push into the Remote repository.
08:51	Switch back to terminal.
08:54	Type git push stories master
08:58	Give the username and password of the user who has the access to the repository.
09:04	You can see that we have pushed it successfully.
09:08	Next, let us check the GitHub repository to see whether our changes are updated.
09:14	Switch back to the GitHub repository.
09:17	Click on the Code tab.
09:20	Let’s check the commit list.
09:23	You can see that the commit of the collaborator is listed here.
09:28	Next, let us learn how User2 can collaborate with the Remote repository.
09:34	Switch back to the terminal.
09:37	Let’s say, User2 is working on a file named friends.html.
09:43	To create the file, type gedit friends.html.
09:49	I will copy and paste some text into this file, from my Writer document.
09:54	Likewise, you can add some content into your file.
09:59	Let's add the file into the staging area.
10:03	Next let’s commit the newly added file.
10:07	Type git commit hyphen m within quotes Added friends.html.
10:15	Next we have to synchronize the local repository with the main Remote repository.
10:21	Type git push origin master
10:25	Remember that we didn't add Remote to this local repository.
10:30	So here we are using the default Remote name origin.
10:34	Now press Enter.
10:37	Type the GitHub username and password of the User2.
10:42	It throws an error which says failed to push.
10:46	Also, it shows the reason for the error: the remote contains work that you do not have locally.
10:53	Remember that the User1 has pushed a commit earlier.
10:58	But User2 doesn't have the work of User1 in its local repository.
11:04	It also gives a suggestion to run git pull command to rectify the error.
11:10	So first, we have to pull down the work of User1 and incorporate it into the User2’s local repository. Let’s do it now.
11:21	Type git pull origin master
11:25	First it will fetch the data from Remote repository then merge it with the local repository.
11:32	So it opens an editor to give a message for merging.
11:36	Let’s keep the same message and close the editor by pressing Ctrl + X.
11:42	Now again, we will try to push the data. Type git push origin master
11:50	Give the username and password of User2.
11:54	You can see that we could successfully push the data now.
11:59	Next let us check the GitHub repository to see whether our changes are updated.
12:05	Switch back to the GitHub repository.
12:08	Click on the repository name Stories.
12:12	You can see that the file friends.html is now added to the repository.
12:18	Let’s check the commit list now.
12:21	You can see that the commit of User2 is also listed here.
12:26	With this, we come to the end of this tutorial.
12:30	Let us summarize. In this tutorial, we have learnt -
12:35	What is Remote repository and
12:38	How to synchronize data to the Remote repository
12:42	As an assignment, Create one more user named User3
12:47	Clone data for User3
12:50	Start working on the local repository of User3 and
12:54	Try to push data from User3
12:58	The video at the following link summarises the Spoken Tutorial project.
13:03	Please download and watch it.
13:05	The Spoken Tutorial Project Team conducts workshops and gives certificates to those who pass online tests.
13:12	For more details, please write to us.
13:16	Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.
13:22	More information on this Mission is available at the following link.
13:27	This is Priya from IIT Bombay. Thanks for joining.

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