Java/C3/Static-Blocks/English

Title of script: Static Blocks

Author: Joms Antony

Keywords: Static blocks, Static variables, Instance variables, video tutorial

Visual Cue	Narration
Slide 1	Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on Static blocks.
Slide 2 Learning Objectives What are static blocks How to declare static blocks How to use static blocks	In this tutorial we will learn: What are static blocks How to declare static blocks and How to use static blocks
Slide 3 Software Requirements Ubuntu 14.04 JDK 1 .7 Eclipse 4.3.1	Here we are using Ubuntu 14.04 JDK 1 .7 and Eclipse 4.3.1
Slide 4 Prerequisites Basic knowledge of Java and Eclipse IDE Knowledge of instance variables, static variables and static methods in Java For relevant tutorials, please visit http://www.spoken-tutorial.org	To follow this tutorial, you must have knowledge of basics of Java and Eclipse IDE. You should also have the knowledge of instance variables, static variables and static methods in Java. If not, for relevant Java tutorials, please visit the link shown.
Slide 5 Static Blocks A Static block is mostly used for initializing values of static variables A static block is declared using the static keyword Static blocks are executed when the class is loaded in memory	Let us learn about static blocks. A Static block is mostly used for initializing values of static variables. A static block is declared using the static keyword. Static blocks are executed when the class is loaded in memory.
Slide 6 Static Block - Sample Code Highlight the code static { count=100; orgname="IITM"; }	Let us see how to use a static block with an example. The variables orgname and count shown in this example are static variables. Here we can see that, there is a block of code within the curly brackets prefixed by the static keyword. This block of code is a static block which is used to initialize the values of orgname and count. Here we can see that orgname is initialized with a value IITM and count with a value 100.
Slide 7 Static Blocks Static blocks are invoked before constructors Instance variables cannot be accessed inside static blocks	If there are static blocks in a program, they are invoked before constructors. We cannot access instance variables inside a static block.
In Eclipse IDE, create a project called StaticBlockDemo	Now, we will switch to Eclipse and create a new project called StaticBlockDemo. Inside this project, we will create the necessary classes to demonstrate the usage of Static Blocks.
Right click on src folder and click New-> Class Type the name of the class as StudentEnroll.	Right click on src folder and click New-> Class. Type the name of the class as StudentEnroll and press Enter.
//copy the code below private String id, name, branch; private static int count; private static String orgname;	Now type the following code to represent the StudentEnroll class.
Highlight count and orgname	Note that there are two static variables count and orgname.
click on Source -> and select Generate Constructor using Fields	Now click on Source -> and select Generate Constructor using Fields
Delete the super keyword	Delete the super keyword from the generated code.
//Copy paste the following code System.out.println("constructor invoked");	We want a message to be printed whenever the constructor is invoked. So inside this constructor, type the following code to print “Constructor invoked”.
//Copy paste the following code public void showData() { System.out.println(id+" "+name+" "+branch+" "+count+ " "+ orgname); }	Now we will add a method showData( ) to this class to print the values of the variables. So type the following code
//Copy paste the code static { count=100; orgname="IITM"; }	Now we will add a static block to initialize the values of count and orgname. Type the following code. We have already seen this code earlier in a slide.
Highlight count and orgname	This static block initializes the values for count and orgname as 100 and IITM respectively.
//Copy paste the code inside the static method System.out.println("static block-1 is invoked");	Inside this static block, type the following code to print “static block-1 is invoked”.
Right click on the default package click New-> Class and then type name as Demo.	Now we will add one more class containing the main method So right click on the default package, click New-> Class and then type the name as Demo.
Type main and then press ctrl+space	Inside this class we will have the main method. Type main and then press ctrl+space to generate the main method.
//Copy the code StudentEnroll s1=new StudentEnroll("IT101","ADIL","IT");	We will create an object of StudentEnroll class. Type the following code to create an object s1.
type s1.showData();	Now let us invoke the showData method to print the values. Type s1.showData() semicolon
Click on run button	Now let us run the Demo program.
Highlight “static block-1 is invoked” “constructor invoked” Highlight 100 and IITM	We can observe that static block is invoked before the constructor. The values of count and orgname are initialized as defined in the static block.
Go to StudentEnroll class.	Now let us go back to the StudentEnroll class.
Type id=IT01;	Let us see what happens if we initialise the value of id inside the static block. Inside the static block type, id equals IT01 semicolon
Show the error message	We can see that an error comes up. It indicates that an instance variable cannot be accessed inside a static block
comment id=IT01;	Now let us comment this line and proceed further.
Switch to slides	Let us go back to the slides
Slide 8 Static Blocks There can be multiple static blocks inside a class They are called only once in the order that they appear in the source code	A class can contain multiple static blocks. In such a case they are called only once in the order that they appear in the source code.
Switch to Eclipse	Switch back to Eclipse to verify it.
Go to the StudentEnroll class //Copy paste the code static { count=200; orgname="IITB"; }	Let us include one more static block after the existing one. Type the following code.
Highlight count=200; orgname="IITB";	This static block initializes the values for count and orgname as 200 and IITB respectively.
//copy paste this code System.out.println("static block-2 is invoked");	Inside this static block type the following code.
Click on run button	Now let us run the Demo program again.
Highlight static block-1 is invoked static block-2 is invoked Highlight 200 IITB	From the output, We can verify that the second static block is invoked after the first. The values of the static variables count and orgname are updated by the second static block. They are 200 and IITB respectively.
Slide 9 Summary What is a static block How to declare and define a static block How static blocks are invoked and executed	Let us summarize. In this tutorial we have learnt What is a static block How to declare and define a static block and How static blocks are invoked and executed
Slide 10A Assignment Design a class CarService to represent a Car Service Station This class should contain variables to represent the following Name of the Service Station Car make, model, regno and status No of Cars in for Service No of cars out after Service	For the Assignment, This assignment is a continuation of the Static Methods assignment. Make sure that you have completed the Static Methods assignment. As before design the class CarService as specified in this slide.
Slide 10B Identify the instance variables and static variables Define a constructor to initialize the values for instance variables Define a static block to initialize the values of static variables	Identify the instance variables and static variables. Define a constructor to initialize the values for instance variables. Define a static block to initialize the values of static variables.
Slide 10 C Also create a Demo class containing the main method Inside the main method Create a few objects of CarService Invoke the show( ) method using all the objects and verify the results	Also create a Demo class containing the main method. Inside the main method, create a few objects of CarService and invoke the show( ) method.
About Project (retain the slide as in TEX file)	The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial Project. Please download and watch it.
About Workshops (retain the slide as in TEX file)	The Spoken Tutorial Project Team • Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and • Gives certificates on passing the online tests. For more details, please write to us.
About NMEICT (retain the slide as in TEX file)	Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by the NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India. More information on this Mission is available at the link shown.
Contributor slide (retain the slide as in TEX file)	This script has been contributed by: Dept. of Information Technology, Amal Jyothi College of Engineering. This is Priya from IIT Bombay. Thanks for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Nancyvarkey, Priyacst