ExpEYES/C3/Diode-Rectifier-Transistor/English

Visual Cue	Narration
Slide Number 1 Title Slide	Hello everyone. Welcome to this tutorial on Diode, Rectifier and Transistor.
Slide Number 2 Learning Objectives We will study: Working of PN Junction diode Diode as rectifier Diode IV characteristics LED IV characteristics Out of Phase inverting amplifier Transistor CE	In this tutorial we will study: Working of PN Junction diode Diode as rectifier Diode IV characteristics Light emitting diode(LED) IV characteristics Out of Phase inverting amplifier and Transistor CE
Slide Number 3 System Requirement ExpEYES v 3.1.0 Ubuntu Linux OS v 14.04	Here I am using, ExpEYES version 3.1.0 Ubuntu Linux OS version 14.04
Slide Number 4 Pre-requisties You should be familiar with: ExpEYES Junior interface. For relevant tutorials, visit our website. www.spoken-tutorial.org.	To follow this tutorial, you should be familiar with: ExpEYES Junior interface. If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website.
	Let's first define a PN junction diode.
Slide Number 5 PN junction Diode PN junction diode, is a semiconductor device which allows current to pass through in one direction. converts alternating current to direct current.	PN junction diode, is a semiconductor device which allows current to pass through in one direction. It converts alternating current to direct current.
Slide Number 6 PN junction Diode Demonstrate working of PN junction diode as a half wave rectifier.	We will demonstrate working of PN junction diode as a half wave rectifier.
Slide Number 7 Half wave Rectifier, Convert AC signal into a DC signal in forward bias Convert AC signal into a DC signal in reverse bias Filter the AC component using a capacitor.	In this experiment, we will, Convert AC signal into a DC signal in forward bias Convert AC signal into a DC signal in reverse bias Filter the AC component using a capacitor.
Show the picture. Show circuit diagram.	Now I will explain the circuit connections. 1K resistor is connected between GND and A2. PN junction diode is connected between A2 and SINE. SINE is connected is to A1. Here SINE is an AC source. This is the circuit diagram.
	Let's see the result on the Plot window.
Click on A1 and drag to CH1. Point to A1.	On the Plot window, click on A1 and drag to CH1. A1 is assigned to CH1.
Click on A2 and drag to CH2. Point to A2.	Click on A2 and drag CH2. A2 is assigned to CH2.
Move the mSec/div slider. Point to the waves.	Move the mSec/div slider to adjust the waves. Two sine waves are generated.
Point to the black trace. Point to the red trace.	Black trace is the original sine wave. Red trace is the rectified sine wave. Negative half of red trace is completely removed, as it is a rectified wave. Positive half starts after diode attains a threshold voltage. AC signal gets converted into a DC signal, in the forward bias.
Click on CH1, drag to FIT. Click on CH2, drag to FIT. Point to voltage and frequency values.	Click on CH1 and drag to FIT. Click on CH2 and drag to FIT. Observe the voltage and frequency values on the right side of the window.
Show the result on the Plot window.	On reversing the diode connection, AC signal gets converted into a DC signal, in the reverse bias.
Show the picture. Show circuit diagram.	We will filter the sine wave using a 10uF(micro farad) capacitor. In the same connection, replace 1K resistor with a 10uF(micro farad) capacitor. This is the circuit diagram.
	Let's see the result on the Plot window.
Point to the sine wave.	On the Plot window we can see that rectified sine wave is filtered. Here AC component is called ripple in the DC.
Slide Number 8 Diode IV Diode IV characteristics of: PN junction diode and LEDs.	Next we will demonstrate diode IV characteristics of: PN junction diode and LEDs
Show the picture. Show circuit diagram.	I will explain the circuit connections. PVS is connected to IN1 through 1K resistor. IN1 is connected to GND through PN junction diode. This is the circuit diagram.
	Let's see the result on the Plot window.
Click on EXPERIMENTS button. Select Diode IV. Point to the windows.	On the Plot window, click on EXPERIMENTS button. Select Diode IV. EYES:IV characteristics and Schematic windows open. Schematic window shows the circuit diagram.
Click on START button.	On EYES:IV characteristics window, click on START button. Current initially remains constant but rises as voltage increases to 0.6 volts.
Click on FIT button. Point to Diode equation and Ideality factor.	Click on FIT button. Diode equation and Ideality factor are displayed. Diode's ideality factor varies between 1 and 2.
Slide Number 9 LED Replace diode with red, green & white LEDs one by one in the circuit.	We will replace diode with red, green and white LEDs one by one in the circuit.
Slide Number 10 Note Please note LED glows only one direction. If it does not glow, turn to opposite direction and connect again.	Please note LED glows in only one direction. If it does not glow, turn to opposite direction and connect again.
Show the picture. Show circuit diagram.	Let's first connect red LED in the circuit. This is the circuit diagram.
Click on EXPERIMENTS button. Select Diode IV.	On the Plot window, click on EXPERIMENTS button. Select Diode IV.
Click on START button. Point to the plot.	On EYES:IV characteristics window, click on START button. In the diode IV curve, current initially remains constant but rises as voltage increases to 1.7 volts.
Show the picture.	Let's connect green LED in the circuit.
Click on EXPERIMENTS button. Select Diode IV.	On the Plot window, click on EXPERIMENTS button. Select Diode IV.
Click on START button. Point to the plot.	On EYES:IV characteristics window, click on START button. In the diode IV curve, current initially remains constant but rises as voltage increases to 1.8 volts. Here the value may vary a little.
Show the picture.	Let's connect white LED in the circuit.
Click on EXPERIMENTS button. Select Diode IV.	On the Plot window, click on EXPERIMENTS button. Select Diode IV.
Click on START button. Point to the plot.	On EYES:IV characteristics window, click on START button. In the diode IV curve, current initially remains constant but rises as voltage increases to 2.6 volts.
Slide Number 11 Inverting amplifier Demonstrate 180 degree out of Phase sine waves. Inverting the output of SINE using an amplifier. 51K Ohm resistor for the amplification.	Now we will demonstrate 180 degree out of Phase sine waves. We can do this by inverting the output of SINE using an amplifier. Here we are using 51K resistor for the amplification.
Show the picture. Show circuit diagram.	I will explain the circuit connections. A1 is connected to SINE. 51K resistor is connected between SINE and IN. OUT is connected to A2. This is the circuit diagram.
	Let's see the result on the Plot window.
Click on A1, drag to CH1. Point to A1.	On the Plot window, click on A1 and drag to CH1. A1 is assigned to CH1.
Click on A2, drag to CH1. Point to A2.	Click on A2 and drag CH2. A2 is assigned to CH2.
Move the mSec/div slider. Point to the waves.	Move the mSec/div slider to adjust the waves. Two AC waveforms differing in phase by 180 degree are generated.
Click on CH1, drag to FIT. Click on CH2, drag to FIT.	Click on CH1 and drag to FIT. Click on CH2 and drag to FIT.
Point to voltage and frequency values.	Voltage and frequency values are displayed on the right side.
Right click on CH1. Point to voltage, frequency & Phase shift values.	Right click on CH1. Voltage, frequency & Phase shift values are displayed at the bottom of the window.
Slide number 12 Transistor CE Plot transistor CE(collector emitter) characteristic curves.	Now we will plot transistor CE(collector emitter) characteristic curves.
Slide number 13 NPN Transistor Use 2N2222, NPN transistor. Solder the wire of the transistor wires. Show the picture.	Please use 2N2222, NPN transistor. Solder the wires of the transistor. So that transistor can be connected properly to the ExpEYES kit.
Show the picture. Show circuit diagram.	I will explain the circuit connections. SQR1 is connected to 200K resistor. 200K resistor is connected to base of the transistor. PVS is connected to collector using a 1K resistor. IN1 is connected between 1K resistor and collector. Emitter is connected to GND. 100uF(micro farad) capacitor is connected between 200K resistor and GND. This is the circuit diagram.
	Let's see the result on the Plot window.
Set PVS value as 3 volt.	On the Plot window, Set PVS value as 3 volt. PVS is set to 3volts to provide internal voltage.
Click on EXPERIMENTS button, select Transistor CE. Point to the windows.	Click on EXPERIMENTS button and select Transistor CE. EYES Junior: Transistor CE characteristics and Schematic windows open. Schematic window shows circuit diagram.
Change the voltage value to 1V.	On the EYES Junior: Transistor CE characteristics window, change the base voltage value to 1V.
Click on START button. Point to the plot	Click on START button. Collector current increases and becomes constant. Collector current is close to 0.3mA. Base Current is 2uA(micro ampere).
Click on START button. Point to the plot.	Change the base voltage value to 2V and click on START button. Collector current is 1.5mA Base Current is 7uA(micro ampere).
Click on START button. Point to the plot.	Change the base voltage value to 3V and click on START button. Collector current is 2.7mA Base Current is 12uA(micro ampere).
	Let's summarize.
Slide Number 14 Summary We have studied: Working of PN Junction diode Diode as rectifier Diode IV characteristics LED IV characteristics Out of Phase inverting amplifier Transistor CE	In this tutorial we have studied: Working of PN Junction diode Diode as rectifier Diode IV characteristics LED IV characteristics Out of Phase inverting amplifier and Transistor CE
Slide Number 15 Assignment Measure the intensity of light and its variation from the source.	As an assignment, Measure the intensity of light and its variation from the source. This is the circuit diagram. The output should look like this.
Slide Number 16 Acknowledgement Watch the video available at http://spoken-tutorial.org /What is a Spoken Tutorial It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project. If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.	This video summarises the Spoken Tutorial project If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
Slide Number 17 The Spoken Tutorial Project Team Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials Gives certificates to those who pass an online test For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org	We conduct workshops using Spoken Tutorials and give certificates. Please contact us.
Slide number 18 Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India More information on this Mission is available at http://spoken-tutorial.org /NMEICT-Intro	The Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD Government of India.
	This tutorial is contributed by Kaushik Datta and Madhuri Ganapathi. Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Madhurig