Digital-Divide/D0/Getting-to-know-computers/English-timed

Time	Narration
00:01	Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on Getting to know Computers.
00:06	In this tutorial, we will learn about
00:09	the various components of a computer.
00:11	We will also learn to connect the various components.
00:15	Generally, there are 2 types of computers -
00:18	Desktop or Personal Computer and Laptop.
00:23	Now-a-days, tablet PCs or tabs for short, are also quite popular.
00:31	Functions of a computer-
00:33	A computer performs five major functions irrespective of its size:
00:40	* it accepts data or instructions by way of input
00:45	* it processes data as required by the user
00:50	* it stores data
00:52	* it gives results in the form of output
00:56	* it controls all operations inside the computer.
01:01	Basic organization of a computer is as shown in this block diagram.
01:08	Input unit ,
01:09	Central Processing unit ,
01:11	' Output unit .
01:14	The Input unit helps to
01:16	enter the data and programs into a computer system in an organized manner.
01:23	Keyboard, mouse, camera and scanner are some of the input devices.
01:31	The Central Processing unit
01:33	performs operations like arithmetic and logical operations and
01:38	stores data and instructions.
01:41	Typically, the Central Processing unit or CPU looks like this.
01:48	It has many ports in the front and at the back of the unit.
01:53	We will learn about them in a little while.
01:57	It takes data and instructions, processes them and gives the output or results.
02:05	The task of performing operations is called processing.
02:11	The output is then stored along with the data and instructions in the storage unit.
02:18	The unit that supports the process of producing results from the data, is the output unit.
02:26	Monitor and printer are some of the output devices.
02:33	Generally, a desktop computer has 4 main components:
02:38	* Monitor
02:39	* CPU
02:40	* Keyboard and
02:41	* Mouse .
02:43	A camera, printer or scanner can also be connected to a computer.
02:50	This is a monitor or the computer screen as we call it.
02:55	It looks like a TV screen.
02:57	It is the visual display unit of a computer.
03:02	It displays the computer's user interface.
03:05	One can open various programs and interact with the computer using the keyboard and mouse.
03:13	The keyboard is designed to enter text, characters and other commands into a computer.
03:21	This is the computer mouse.
03:24	Typically, it has 2 clickable buttons and a scroll button in between.
03:31	Pressing the left mouse button, activates most actions.
03:35	Pressing the right mouse button, activates more non-standard actions like shortcuts.
03:43	The mouse wheel is used to scroll up and down by rolling the scroll button.
03:49	The computer mouse is an alternative way to interact with the computer besides the keyboard.
03:57	Now, let us see the various parts of the CPU.
04:02	There is a prominent button on the front of the CPU which is the POWER ON switch.
04:08	To turn on the computer, one needs to press this switch.
04:14	There is a reset button too which helps us to restart the computer, if required.
04:21	Also, on the front side, you will notice 2 or more USB ports and a DVD/CD-ROM reader-writer.
04:30	The USB ports are used to connect pen-drives to the computer.
04:35	And the DVD/CD-ROM reader-writer is used to read or write a CD or a DVD.
04:43	Now let's look at the back of the computer.
04:48	The ports at the back, are used for connecting the CPU to the other devices of the computer.
04:55	This is done using cables.
04:58	There are many components inside the CPU.
05:02	When the computer is on, all these components work and generate heat.
05:08	Fans at the back provide the air flow required to cool the components.
05:14	Otherwise, overheating can cause damage to the CPU, often leading to data loss.
05:21	This is the case cooling fan.
05:23	It keeps the temperature of the CPU normal and prevents overheating.
05:30	Power Supply Unit, also called PSU, supplies power to the computer.
05:37	Now, let's learn how to connect the various components to the CPU.
05:42	Place all the components on the table, as shown.
05:46	Place all the cables on the table, as shown.
05:51	First, let's connect the monitor to the CPU.
05:55	Connect the power cable to the monitor as shown.
06:00	Now, connect the other end to a power supply socket.
06:04	This is the power cable of the CPU.
06:08	Connect it to the CPU as shown.
06:11	Then, connect it to a power supply socket
06:14	Next, connect the keyboard cable to the CPU as shown.
06:19	The port for the keyboard is usually “purple” in colour.
06:23	You can connect the mouse to the port which is “green” in colour.
06:28	Alternately, you can connect the USB keyboard and mouse to any of the USB ports.
06:35	The remaining USB ports can be used for connecting pen drive, hard disk etc.
06:42	This is a LAN cable
06:44	and this is a LAN port.
06:46	It is a wired connection that allows a computer to connect to a network.
06:52	The other end of the LAN cable is connected to a modem or a wi-fi router.
06:58	You will learn about configuring wi-fi connections in another tutorial.
07:03	The LED light will blink when the LAN port is active and receiving activity.
07:10	You may notice that there are other serial ports on the CPU.
07:15	These are used for connecting PDAs, modem or other serial devices.
07:21	You will also notice that there are some parallel ports on the CPU.
07:25	These are used for connecting devices like printer, scanner etc.
07:31	Now, let's look at the audio jacks.
07:34	The port in “pink” is used for connecting a microphone.
07:38	The port in “blue” is for connecting a line in, for eg- from a radio or tape player.
07:45	The port in “green” is for connecting headphone/speaker or line out.
07:51	Now that we have connected all our devices, let's turn on the computer.
07:57	First of all, switch on the power supply buttons of the monitor and the CPU.
08:03	Now, press the POWER ON button on the monitor.
08:07	And then press the POWER ON switch, on the front of the CPU.
08:12	Usually, you will see a string of words on a black screen when your computer first turns on.
08:18	This is the BIOS system displaying information about
08:22	the computer's central processing unit,
08:25	information about how much memory the computer has,
08:28	and information about the hard disk drives and floppy disk drives.
08:33	BIOS is the software which gives the CPU its first instructions when the computer is turned on.
08:41	The whole process of loading the operating system is called booting the computer.
08:48	When all the necessary checks are done, you will see the operating system's interface.
08:54	If you are an Ubuntu Linux user, you will see this screen.
08:58	And if you are a Windows user, you will see this screen.
09:02	Now, let us briefly look at a laptop.
09:06	Laptops are portable and compact computers.
09:09	A laptop is small and light enough to sit on a person's lap while in use.
09:16	Hence, it is called a 'laptop.
09:18	It has most of the same components as a desktop computer including-
09:23	a display,
09:24	a keyboard,
09:25	a touchpad which is the pointing and navigating device,
09:29	a CD/DVD reader-writer and
09:32	mic and speakers built into a single unit.
09:36	It also has a lan port and USB ports.
09:40	There is a video port using which one can connect a projector to the laptop.
09:46	The audio jacks are easily identifiable with respective icons for mic and headphones.
09:53	This is the inbuilt cooling fan in the laptop.
09:57	This helps to keep the laptop from overheating.
10:01	A laptop is powered by electricity via an AC adapter and has a rechargeable battery.
10:09	Hence, it is portable and can be used away from a power source.
10:16	Let us summarize. In this tutorial, we have learnt:
10:20	about the various components of a desktop and laptop
10:23	and how to connect the various components of a desktop.
10:28	Watch the video available at the following link.
10:31	It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
10:34	If you do not have a good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
10:37	The Spoken Tutorial project team: conducts workshops using spoken tutorials.
10:42	Gives certificates for those who pass an online test.
10:46	For more details, please write to: contact@spoken-tutorial.org
10:52	Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the "Talk to a Teacher" project,
10:56	supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
11:01	More information on this mission is available at the following link.
11:06	The animation and 3D modeling for this tutorial is done by Arthi.
11:11	This is Nancy Varkey from the spoken tutorial project, IIT Bombay, signing off.
11:16	Thanks for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Gaurav, Kavita salve, PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Sandhya.np14