PHP-and-MySQL/C2/If-Statement/English-timed

Time	Narration
00:00	Welcome to this basic php Spoken Tutorial. Here we will discuss the IF statement.
00:06	If you have written code before, you would have come across the 'IF' statement.
00:11	It's not much different in php. I'll execute one shortly and show you.
00:16	So, let us start.
00:18	Okay, here is a brief about the 'IF' statement. It takes a condition.
00:23	If the condition is True, it executes one path of code.
00:28	If it is False, it will execute another path of code.
00:32	For example - this is the structure.
00:36	If - inside the bracket is the condition to know whether 1 equals 1.
00:41	Notice I am using a double 'equal to' sign here. This is the comparison operator.
00:47	In another tutorial we're going to learn about operators.
00:50	It reads as 'is equal to' though it is not the same as 'equals'.
00:56	When we're using variables, we want to compare we use 'double equal to'.
01:02	If you are going for the 'True' path, you can use two curly brackets.
01:06	We're going to open one here.
01:08	Our code will go in between the brackets.
01:12	If it's 'Not True', we'll say else.
01:15	The same structure - so, two curly brackets.
01:17	For example, if 1 equals 1 we say echo 'True'.
01:23	If 1 is not equal 1, what we should get when we run our file is False.
01:30	Since 1 is equal to 1, what we get when we run our file is True.
01:36	Let us change this. If 1 equals 2, which it doesn't, then we'll get False.
01:42	So, we would have already created a simple program to tell us if one number equals another.
01:49	This is quite a silly application for a program.
01:52	So, I will just add something more. I'll create a little program for a password access.
01:58	We are going to store the password in a variable here.
02:03	Say, the $password is "abc".
02:05	I am going to incorporate a variable into my IF function by saying:
02:11	if password, remember double equals "def"
02:15	and I'll say Access granted.
02:21	Sorry, I made a mistake. 'def' is the password we want to ask the user for. 'abc' is the password I'm inputting to the system.
02:32	So, if it doesn't equal 'def', I'll say Access denied.
02:39	The password that I've inputted is 'abc'.
02:42	We're going to compare the password to 'def' which is the stored password.
02:50	If this equals 'def', we're going to say Access granted else Access denied.
02:57	Let's try this.
03:00	Access denied. This is because the passwords do not match.
03:05	On this basis, you can see here that I've incorporated a variable.
03:10	Change this to 'def' and we'll get Access granted.
03:18	Because I have one line of code here and another one line of code here.
03:22	I can get rid of these curly brackets.
03:25	To me, that looks a lot neater.
03:29	Please note - there is no point in adding curly brackets if you have only one line of code for simple IF statements like these.
03:37	If you're going to have a line after line here, you'll need the curly brackets.
03:42	For example, let's set a new variable here.
03:46	$access equals "Allowed".
03:52	That's just basically another line of code.
03:57	But when I try and run this, we get an error.
04:02	It says: an unexpected T_else on line 8.
04:08	Let's find line 8. It's here. The line before it is causing a problem.
04:13	Which is why we need to add our curly brackets back in to cater for two or more lines of code.
04:22	We refresh this and Access is granted.
04:25	Now I've set a new variable, access to be allowed.
04:29	This won't be of much help.
04:32	But I was just giving you an example.
04:35	You can see this is still a single line and these are double lines and you can't mix them up.
04:40	OK, so I've created a variable. I've incorporated it into an 'IF' statement. Hope this was useful.
04:46	This brings us to end of this tutorial.
04:50	This is Madhu, dubbing for the Spoken Tutorial Project. Thanks for watching. Bye.

Contributors and Content Editors

Minal, Pratik kamble, Sandhya.np14