Java/C2/if-else/English-timed

Time	Narration
00:02	Welcome to the spoken tutorial on If else constructs in java.
00:07	In this tutorial, we will learn:
00:09	* About conditional statements
00:11	* Types of conditional statements and
00:13	* How to use conditional statements in Java programs.
00:18	For this tutorial, we are using: Ubuntu v 11.10 JDK 1.6 and Eclipse 3.7.0.
00:27	To follow this tutorial, you should have knowledge of using:
00:31	* Arithmetic, Relational and Logical operators in Java.
00:35	If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website which is as shown.
00:42	Conditional statements- You may have to perform different actions for different decisions in your code.
00:48	In such cases you can use conditional statements.
00:52	A conditional statement helps to control the flow of execution of a program.
00:57	In Java, we have the following conditional statements:
01:01	* If statement
01:02	* If...Else statement
01:03	* If...Else if statement
01:05	* Nested If statement
01:06	* Switch statement
01:08	In this tutorial, we will learn about If, If...Else and If...Else If statements in detail.
01:15	if statement: if statement is used to execute a block of statements based on a condition.
01:22	It is called a single conditional statement.
01:26	Syntax for If statement ;
01:28	In the if statement, if the condition is true, the block is executed.
01:34	If the condition is false, the block is skipped and it is not executed.
01:40	Now, let us look at an example to understand how the if statement can be used.
01:45	So, let us switch to eclipse.
01:48	We will write a program to identify whether a person is Minor.
01:53	I have already created a class Person.
01:56	Now, inside the main method, let us declare a variable ‘age’ of type int.
02:02	So, type inside the main method: int space age equal to 20 semicolon.
02:14	Now, we will write an If statement as follows:
02:18	Next line, if within brackets age < 21 open curly brackets. Press Enter.
02:30	Here, we are checking if age is less than 21.
02:34	Whatever is inside the brackets belongs to the if block.
02:38	So, inside the brackets type:
02:41	System dot out dot println within brackets and double quotes The person is Minor semicolon.
02:56	Here, if age is less than 21, then “The person is minor” will be displayed.
03:03	So save and run the file.
03:08	We get the output as follows: "The person is minor".
03:14	In this case, the person's age is 20 which is less than 21.
03:20	So, we got the output as “The person is minor”.
03:24	Now, we will learn about if...else statement.
03:27	If...Else statement is used to execute alternative statements.
03:31	These are based on a single condition.
03:34	Let us look at the syntax for writing If…Else statement.
03:38	If the condition is true, the statement or block of code is executed.
03:44	Else, it executes another statement or block of code.
03:49	We will now see how the If…else statement can be used in a program.
03:54	So, let us switch to the eclipse.
03:57	We will now write a program to identify whether the person is minor or major.
04:03	So, inside the main method, type: int age equal to 25
04:12	then, if within brackets age greater than 21
04:19	within curly brackets, type: System dot out dot println within brackets The person is Major.
04:28	Then type, next line,
04:32	else within curly brackets type:
04:38	System dot out dot println within brackets in double quotes The person is Minor semicolon.
04:51	Here, if age is less than 21, “The person is Minor” will be displayed.
04:58	Else, the “The person is Major” will be displayed.
05:02	So, now let us save and run the program.
05:07	We get the output as: "The person is Major".
05:11	Here, the person's age is 25, which is greater than 21.
05:17	Therefore, the program displayed the output as “The person is Major”.
05:22	If…Else If statement: If…Else If statement is used to execute various set of statements.
05:29	These are based on the two given conditions.
05:33	You can also add more conditions based on your requirement.
05:38	It is also called as branching or decision making statement.
05:43	Now, Let us look at the syntax for writing the If…Else If statement.
05:48	If statement initially checks for condition 1.
05:53	If condition 1 is true, it executes the statement-or-block 1 code.
05:59	Else, it again checks for condition 2.
06:02	If condition 2 is true, it executes statement-or-block 2.
06:09	Else, it executes statement 3 or block code 3.
06:13	In this way, we can extend the code by If…Else blocks.
06:17	These blocks can have multiple conditions.
06:20	The corresponding code will get executed, until it finds the true condition.
06:25	If all the conditions are false, it will execute the final Else section.
06:30	We will see how the If…Else If statement can be used in a program.
06:35	So, switch to Eclipse.
06:37	I have already created a class named Student.
06:40	Let us write a program to identify grade of a student.
06:44	This is done based on the score percentage.
06:47	So, inside the main method, type: int space testScore equal to 70 semicolon.
06:58	The input variable named testScore is used to get the score percentage.
07:05	Next line, type: if within brackets testScore less than 35 then within curly brackets System dot out dot println within brackets and double quotes C grade semicolon.
07:28	If the 'testScore' is less than 35, then the program displays "C Grade".
07:34	Next line, type else.
07:37	Next line, type: if within brackets testScore greater than or equal to 35 and testScore less than or equal to 60. Put the whole condition within brackets open curly brackets, press Enter.
08:03	Type: System dot out dot println within brackets B grade semicolon
08:13	Here, the program will check for the second condition in the Else If section.
08:18	If the 'testScore' is between 35 and 60 then the program displays "B Grade".
08:24	Next line, type: else within brackets type System dot out dot println within brackets and double quotes A grade semicolon.
08:42	So Finally, if both the conditions are False, the program displays “A Grade".
08:48	Now, let us save and run this code.
08:51	We get the output as A Grade.
08:55	In this program, the student’s 'testScore' is 70.
09:00	So the output will be displayed as “A Grade”.
09:02	Now Let us change the testScore to 55.
09:07	Now, save and run this program.
09:10	In this case, the output will be displayed as “B Grade”.
09:16	We can also increase the number of conditions.
09:19	Let us add one more condition after the “B grade” output section.
09:23	So type here, else, Next line if within brackets testScore greater than or equal to 60 and testScore less than or equal to 70.
09:47	Open curly brackets press Enter System dot out dot println within brackets and double quotes O grade semicolon.
10:01	Here, if the 'testScore' is between 60 and 70 the program will display "O Grade".
10:07	Now, change the testScore of the student to 70.
10:12	Now, save and run the file.
10:15	We get the output as follows.
10:17	The program will display the output as “O grade”.
10:20	It is not “A grade” as it displayed before.
10:23	The program will display “A grade” for the testScore greater than 70.
10:28	While coding conditional structures:
10:30	* Always remember to add a semicolon while terminating a statement.
10:35	* But don’t add semicolons after the condition.
10:40	* Add the block of code within curly brackets.
10:43	* Curly braces are optional if the block contains a single statement.
10:49	We have come to the end of this tutorial.
10:51	In this tutorial,
10:53	We have Explained conditional statements:
10:56	* Listed the types of conditional statements
10:59	* Used conditional statements: if, if...else and if...else if in Java programs.
11:04	Now take an assignment on writing java programs using conditional statements: if, if...else and if...else if statements.
11:12	* Write a java program to compare two values using if statement.
11:17	* Write a java program to check whether the given number is even or odd. Hint : use if...else statement.
11:23	* Write a java program to find the biggest number among the three numbers. Hint : use if...else if statement.
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