GChemPaint/C2/Formation-of-molecules/Gujarati
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Revision as of 17:39, 26 August 2014 by Jyotisolanki (Talk | contribs)
Time | Narration |
00:01 | નમસ્તે મિત્રો, |
00:02 | GChemPaint. માં અણુની રચના પરનાં આ ટ્યુટોરીયલમાં સ્વાગત છે. |
00:08 | આ ટ્યુટોરીયલમાં, આપણે આપેલ વિશે શીખીશું, |
00:11 | * |
00:14 | * વર્તમાન એલિમેન્ટ બદલાતા |
00:16 | * Add Alkyl groups ઉમેરતા |
00:18 | * carbon chain ને ઉમેરો અને ફેરફાર કરતા . |
00:21 | અહી હું વાપરી રહ્યી છું: Ubuntu Linux OS આવૃત્તિ. 12.04 GChemPaint આવૃત્તિ 0.12.10 |
00:33 | આ ટ્યુટોરીયલનાં અનુસરણ માટે તમે પરિચિત હોવા જોઈએ , |
00:38 | GChemPaint કેમિકલ સ્ટ્રક્ચર એડિટર. |
00:41
જો નથી , સંદર્ભિત ટ્યુટોરીયલો માટે, કૃપા કરી અમારી વેબસાઈટની મુલાકાત લો. | |
00:47 | અહી સ્ટ્રક્ચરોની સ્લાઈડ છે Propane, Butane અને Heptane. |
00:54 | સ્લાઈડ માં બતાવ્યા પ્રમાણે Propane અને Butane સ્ટ્રક્ચર સાથે મેં નવું GChemPaint એપ્લીકેશન ખોલ્યું છે. |
01:03 | ચાલો ટર્મિનલ Carbon પરમાણું ને Butane સ્ટ્રક્ચરમાં Chlorine પરમાણું સાથે બદલીશું. |
01:10 | આ માટે હું Periodic table combo બટન નો ઉપયોગ કરીશ. |
01:15 | Current element ડ્રોપ-ડાઉન એરો બટન પર ક્લિક કરો. |
01:19 | આ બટન ને Periodic table combo બટન કહેવાય છે. |
01:23 | Modern periodic table આંતરિકની નોંધ લો. |
01:27 | ટેબલ પરથી Cl પર ક્લિક કરો. |
01:30 | ટૂલ બોક્ક્ષમાં Cl ની નોંધ લો. |
01:33 | Add or modify an atom ટૂલ પર ક્લિક કરો. |
01:37 | Clorine (Cl) પરમાણું ને બદલવા માટે ટર્મિનલ પરમાણું પર ક્લિક કરો. |
01:43 | નવું સ્ટ્રક્ચર મેળવ્યું છે તે છે 1,2-Dichloroethane. |
01:48 | ચાલો સ્ટ્રક્ચરની નીચે તેનું નામ લખીએ. |
01:52 | Add or modify a text ટૂલ પર ક્લિક કરો. |
01:56 | ટેક્સ્ટ ટૂલ્સ પ્રોપર્ટી પેજ ખુલે છે. |
01:59 | Click on the Display area below the structure. |
02:03 | You can see the blinking cursor enclosed in a green box. |
02:08 | Type 1,2-Dichloroethane in the box . |
02:14 | Click on Select one or more objects tool, to close the text tool's property page. |
02:21 | Next let's replace the central Carbon atom in Propane structure with Oxygen atom. |
02:28 | Place the cursor near the central atom of Propane structure. |
02:33 | Press capital O. |
02:35 | A Sub-menu with O and Os opens. |
02:39 | Select O. |
02:40 | Carbon and Hydrogen atoms will be replaced by Oxygen atom. |
02:46 | The new structure obtained is Dimethylether. |
02:51 | Let's write its name below the structure. |
02:54 | Click on Add or modify a text tool. |
02:58 | Click on the Display area below the structure. |
03:01 | Type Dimethylether in the box. |
03:06 | Let's save the file now. |
03:08 | Click on Save the current file icon on the toolbar |
03:12 | Save as dialog box opens. |
03:15 | Enter the file name as Chloroethane-ether. |
03:20 | Click on Save button. |
03:23 | Let's Click on Close button to close the window. |
03:27 | Here is an assignment |
03:29 | Draw 'Ethane and Pentane structures. |
03:32 | Replace one Carbon atom of Ethane with Br. |
03:36 | Replace the terminal Carbon atoms of Pentane with I. |
03:41 | Your completed assignment should look like this. |
03:45 | Now I will explain about Alkyl groups. |
03:49 | Alkyl group is a fragment of Alkane. |
03:53 | For example: Methyl CH3 is a fragment of Methane CH4 |
04:00 | Successive members of an Alkyl group differ by a CH2 group. |
04:06 | Homologues of the Alkyl group series include, |
04:10 | Methyl CH3 |
04:15 | Ethyl C2H5 |
04:20 | Propyl C3H7 |
04:23 | Butyl C4H9 and so on. |
04:29 | I have opened a new GChemPaint application with Heptane structure. |
04:35 | Now I will demonstrate how to number the carbon chain positions. |
04:40 | Numbering helps to identify the chain positions. |
04:44 | Click on Add or modify a text tool. |
04:48 | Click on the Display area near the first chain position. |
04:52 | Enter 1 in the green box. |
04:55 | Next, click near the second chain position. |
04:59 | Enter 2 in the box. |
05:02 | Likewise I will number the other chain positions as 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. |
05:13 | Now let's branch Heptane using Alkyl groups at various positions. |
05:19 | Let us add a Methyl group to the third position. |
05:24 | Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one tool. |
05:30 | Click on the position. |
05:32 | Observe the change in the atoms. |
05:36 | Let us add an Ethyl group on the fifth position. |
05:40 | Click on Add a chain tool. |
05:43 | Click on the position. |
05:46 | Next I will display atoms on all positions. |
05:51 | Right-click on the position. |
05:53 | A Submenu opens |
05:55 | Select Atom and then click on Display symbol. |
05:59 | Likewise I will display atoms at other positions. |
06:06 | Let's see how many times we can branch at one position. |
06:12 | Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one tool. |
06:18 | Click on the fourth position. |
06:21 | Click again. |
06:23 | Observe the branching in the Carbon chain. |
06:27 | Try to click for the third time. |
06:30 | We do not see the branching. |
06:33 | Note that branching is possible only twice at each position. |
06:39 | This is because it satisfies Carbon's tetra valency. |
06:43 | To save the file, Press CTRL+ S. |
06:47 | Save as dialog box, opens. |
06:50 | Enter the file name as Alkyl Groups. |
06:53 | Click on Save button. |
06:57 | Let's Summarize what we have learnt. |
07:00 | In this tutorial we have learnt to, |
07:03 | * Add and modify structure of compounds |
07:07 | * Change current element |
07:09 | * Add Alkyl groups |
07:12 | * Add and modify carbon chain |
07:15 | As an assignment, |
07:16 | Draw Octane structure . |
07:18 | Add Propyl and Butyl groups at the fourth and fifth positions of the chain. |
07:25 | Your completed assignment should look like this. |
07:29 | Watch the video available at this URL http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial |
07:33 | It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project |
07:38 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it |
07:42 | The Spoken Tutorial Project Team Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials |
07:47 | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test |
07:51 | For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org |
07:57 | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project |
08:02 | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD,
Government of India |
08:09 | More information on this Mission is available at this link http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro |
08:15 | This brings us to the end of this tutorial. |
08:19 | Animation is done by Udhaya Chandrika. |
08:22 | This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay signing off. Thank you for joining. |