Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Basics-of-newborn-care/English

Visual Cue	Narration
Title Slide	Welcome to the spoken tutorial on Basics of newborn care
Image: A mother carrying a baby Image: Umbilical cord care Image: Breastfeeding and burping a newborn Image: Diapering Image: Diaper rash Image: Sleeping baby	In this tutorial, we will learn- How to handle a newborn Umbilical cord care Feeding and burping a newborn Diapering and diaper rash and Sleeping pattern of a newborn
Image: Excited relatives Collage: Key rules while handling a newborn baby Image: Newborn & immune system	The entire family gets excited upon the birth of a newborn and Everyone wants to see the baby and hold the baby. Therefore it is necessary to set some key rules while handling a newborn baby. Newborns don’t have a strong immune system. This makes them prone to infections.
Image: Sick baby Image: Clean hands, dirty hands Image: Washing hands with soap and water Image: Drying hands	To protect the baby from infections - it is important to have clean hands before touching or holding the baby To clean the hands- wash with soap and water and dry well using a clean dry cloth before holding the newborn.
Image: A mother is carrying a newborn Image: A mother is placing the baby down	Now comes the first thing to learn,which is how to hold a baby. Hold the baby by- supporting her head and neck with one hand and bottom with the other hand. To lay a baby down- always support the baby’s head and neck, and hold her bottom as well
Image: A mother tickling the baby’s leg Image: A mother is supporting the baby in sitting position Image: Touching the baby’s ear	On the other hand, to wake a sleeping baby up, do the following - tickle the baby's feet or lift and support the baby in a sitting position or gently touch the baby’s ear.
Image: Newborn baby Collage: Precautions to be taken while handling a newborn Image: Jiggling the baby on the knee Image: Throwing the baby in air Image; Jerky movements of the baby’s neck Image: Internal injuries	Always remember, that a newborn baby is sensitive - Some precautions to be taken while handling a newborn are - The newborn is not ready for rough play Therefore, do not jiggle the baby on the knee or throw her in the air Never shake the newborn, whether in play or in frustration Avoid sudden jerky movements of the baby’s neck All these may cause internal injuries to the baby
Image: A baby with umbilical cord stump Image: Fetus Image: Natural delivery, C-section delivery Image: Umbilical cord clamping	We will now learn about Umbilical cord care at home. When the baby is in the mother’s womb, the umbilical cord is the baby's lifeline However, it is no longer needed once the baby is born. Within a few minutes after birth- as soon as the cord stops pulsating, it is clamped.
Image: Hospital Image: dry and wither umbilical cord Image: A baby with umbilical cord stump Image: A baby with fallen umbilical cord GIF: Calendar	By the time the baby goes home from the hospital- the cord begins to dry and shrivel The cord falls off by itself in about one to two weeks.
Image: Umbilical cord infections Collage: Umbilical cord care	Please note that- The umbilical cord may be a place for infection to enter the baby's body Hence, it is essential to take care of it properly.
Image: A baby with umbilical cord stump Image: A cloth is covering the baby’s umbilical cord Image: Sponge bath	For that, please remember- Baby’s cord should be kept dry and exposed to air Only sponge baths should be given until the cord falls off
Image: A cord kept outside the baby’s nappy Image: Folding the edge of the baby’s nappy	The cord should be kept on the outside of the baby's nappy or can also be folded down to the top edge of the nappy.
Image: Mother and doctor Image: Bleeding from the end of the cord Image: Bleeding from the navel area Image: Swelling and redness near the navel area Image: Pain near the navel area Image: A baby with umbilical cord stump and calendar Image: Mother and doctor	Please consult the baby’s doctor if there is - Bleeding from the end of the cord or the area near the skin Pus Swelling or redness around the navel Signs that the navel area is painful to the baby And if the cord has not fallen off by one month of age
Image: Bleeding when the stump is about to fall off Image: Bleeding after the cord falls off Image: Pulling the umbilical cord with Red cross mark	Sometimes it might also happen that - There may be a small amount of blood- when the stump is about to fall off and also after the cord falls off, but this should be stopped quickly Remember, never pull the cord off.
Image: Applying cream on baby’s umbilical cord Image: Bandage on baby’s umbilical cord	Also, Do not apply any cream or powder or Tie any bandage on the baby’s umbilicus after the cord has fallen.
Image: Hunger cue Image: Initiation of breastfeeding	For the nutritional aspects of the newborn care we will discuss - How to feed the baby The newborn should be breastfed within 1 hour after delivery.
Image: Breastfeeding Image: Skin to skin contact Image: Hunger cues	Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months. Additionally, the mother should- provide adequate skin to skin contact to the baby and observe the hunger cues of the baby All these points have been discussed in other tutorials of the same series
Collage: waking up a sleeping baby Image: Breastfeeding Image: Premature babies	In some cases, newborns may need to be awakened frequently- so that they are fed enough. especially the smaller- premature babies.
Image: A mother talking to a healthy baby Image: A baby who is disinterested in sucking Image: Mother and doctor	Incase, a baby - healthy or premature, does not seem to be interested in sucking then - the mother should consult a doctor or health worker
Image: Breastfeeding - side lying hold Image: Fussy baby Image: Burping the baby Image: Hunger cues	While breastfeeding, babies often swallow air, which can make them fussy. To prevent this, make the baby sit and burp after every feed. It has been explained in another tutorial of the same series.
Image: Diapering Image: Diaper rash Image: A baby with wet nappy Image: Cleaning the baby’sgenital area using water and washcloth Image: Wiping the baby’s genital area Image: Cleaning the baby - girl’s genital area	Next is diapering: After each bowel movement or if the cloth nappy is wet- lay the baby on her back and remove the dirty nappy use water and soft washcloth to gently clean and wipe the baby's genital area do not apply soap on baby’s genital area whenever wiping a girl, wipe her from front to back to avoid a urinary tract infection
Image: Washing hands with soap and water	The Mother or caregiver should always - thoroughly wash hands before and after changing the nappy.
Image: Diaper rash Image: Regular bath Image: Applying diaper cream on diaper rash	Sometimes it could happen that a baby may suffer from Diaper rash. diaper rash is a common concern typically the rash is red and bumpy and will go away in a few days with- warm baths some diaper cream and at times without any diaper or nappy on the genital area
Image: Diaper rash Image: A baby with wet nappy	Most rashes happen because the baby's skin is - sensitive and becomes irritated by the wet nappy.
Image: Diapering and diaper rash Image: Cleaning the baby’s genital area Image: Wipes	To prevent or treat diaper rash- change the baby's nappy often, especially after bowel movements. gently clean the area with a soft cloth and water avoid using wipes as sometimes they can be irritating.
Image: Diaper rash cream Image: a tub containing soapy water and nappies Image: Newborn	Apply a very thick layer of diaper rash or "barrier" cream Creams with zinc oxide are preferred- as they form a barrier against moisture Wash the baby’s nappies using dye and fragrance-free detergents. Let the baby stay without a diaper or a nappy for part of the day. this gives the skin a chance to air out.
Image: Diaper rash GIF: Calendar Image: Mother and doctor	Incase, the diaper rash continues for more than 3 days or seems to be getting worse- please consult the doctor it may be caused by a fungal infection that requires a prescription
Image: Sleeping baby GIF: Clock	In the end, let’s discuss about baby’s sleeping pattern: Babies sleep for around 14 to 16 hours or more, in a day Newborns typically sleep for a period of 2–4 hours
Image: Sleeping baby Image: Day and night	Many newborns have their days and nights "mixed up." They tend to be awake and alert at night and sleepy during the day.
Image: Dim light in baby’s room Image: A mother talking to a baby	One way to help them sleep more at night is to keep minimum stimulation at night E.g., Keep the lights low by using a night lamp And during the day time- try to keep her awake a little longer by talking and playing with her.
Image: A baby sleeping on her back Image: A baby sleeping on her tummy Image: Sudden infant death syndrome	The mother or caregiver should remember that- a baby should always be on her back while sleeping this reduces the risk of sudden infant death syndrome.
Image: A baby sleeping in the crib	*For other safe sleeping practices, avoid using the following items in their crib - Blankets Quilts Sheepskins stuffed toys and pillows All these can suffocate the baby
Image: Changing the position of baby’s head while sleeping Image: Flat spot	Also, be sure to alternate the position of the baby's head each night - first right, then left, and so on this will prevent the development of flat spot on one side of the baby’s head.
Acknowledgement slide	This brings us to the end of this tutorial on Basics of newborn care Thanks for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Bellatony911, Rajani st