Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Basics-of-newborn-care/English-timed
From Script | Spoken-Tutorial
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| 00:00 | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on Basics of newborn care. |
| 00:05 | In this tutorial, we will learn- How to handle a newborn, |
| 00:10 | Umbilical cord care,
Feeding and burping a newborn, |
| 00:15 | Diapering and diaper rash and |
| 00:20 | Sleeping pattern of a newborn. |
| 00:23 | The entire family gets excited upon the birth of a newborn and everyone wants to see the baby and hold the baby. |
| 00:34 | Therefore it is necessary to set some key rules while handling a newborn baby. |
| 00:40 | Newborns don’t have a strong immune system. This makes them prone to infections. |
| 00:47 | To protect the baby from infections it is important to have clean hands before touching or holding the baby. |
| 00:57 | To clean the hands, wash with soap and water and dry well using a clean dry cloth before holding the newborn. |
| 01:06 | Now comes the first thing to learn which is how to hold a baby. |
| 01:11 | Hold the baby by supporting her head and neck with one hand and bottom with the other hand. |
| 01:19 | To lay a baby down, always support the baby’s head and neck and hold her bottom as well. |
| 01:26 | On the other hand, to wake a sleeping baby up, do the following - |
| 01:31 | Tickle the baby's feet or lift and support the baby in a sitting position or gently touch the baby’s ear. |
| 01:42 | Always remember that a newborn baby is sensitive. |
| 01:47 | Some precautions to be taken while handling a newborn are -
The newborn is not ready for rough play. |
| 01:55 | Therefore, do not jiggle the baby on the knee or throw her in the air. |
| 02:00 | Never shake the newborn, whether in play or in frustration. |
| 02:05 | Avoid sudden jerky movements of the baby’s neck.
All these may cause internal injuries to the baby. |
| 02:14 | We will now learn about Umbilical cord care at home. |
| 02:18 | When the baby is in the mother’s womb, the umbilical cord is the baby's lifeline.
However, it is no longer needed once the baby is born. |
| 02:29 | Within a few minutes after birth as soon as the cord stops pulsating, it is clamped. |
| 02:37 | By the time the baby goes home from the hospital the cord begins to dry and shrivel. |
| 02:44 | The cord falls off by itself in about one to two weeks. |
| 02:50 | Please note that the umbilical cord may be a place for infection to enter the baby's body. |
| 02:57 | Hence, it is essential to take care of it properly. |
| 03:02 | For that, please remember baby’s cord should be kept dry and exposed to air. |
| 03:09 | Only sponge baths should be given until the cord falls off. |
| 03:14 | The cord should be kept on the outside of the baby's nappy or can also be folded down to the top edge of the nappy. |
| 03:24 | Please consult the baby’s doctor if there is - Bleeding from the end of the cord or the area near the skin, |
| 03:32 | Pus,
Swelling or redness around the navel, |
| 03:36 | Signs that the navel area is painful to the baby |
| 03:41 | and if the cord has not fallen off by one month of age. |
| 03:46 | Sometimes it might also happen that there may be a small amount of blood when the stump is about to fall off
and also after the cord falls off. But this should be stopped quickly. |
| 04:01 | Remember, never pull the cord off. |
| 04:04 | Also, do not apply any cream or powder or |
| 04:08 | tie any bandage on the baby’s umbilicus after the cord has fallen. |
| 04:13 | For the nutritional aspects of the newborn care we will discuss how to feed the baby. |
| 04:20 | The newborn should be breastfed within 1 hour after delivery. |
| 04:25 | Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months. |
| 04:30 | Additionally, the mother should provide adequate skin to skin contact to the baby and observe the hunger cues of the baby. |
| 04:40 | All these points have been discussed in other tutorials of the same series. |
| 04:46 | In some cases, newborns may need to be awakened frequently so that they are fed enough,
especially the smaller, premature babies. |
| 04:57 | Incase a baby, healthy or premature, does not seem to be interested in sucking then
the mother should consult the doctor or health worker. |
| 05:09 | While breastfeeding, babies often swallow air which can make them fussy. |
| 05:15 | To prevent this, make the baby sit and burp after every feed. |
| 05:20 | It has been explained in another tutorial of the same series. |
| 05:25 | Next is diapering. After each bowel movement or if the cloth nappy is wet- lay the baby on her back and remove the dirty nappy. |
| 05:37 | Use water and soft washcloth to gently clean and wipe the baby's genital area. |
| 05:44 | Do not apply soap on baby’s genital area.
Whenever wiping a girl, wipe her from front to back to avoid a urinary tract infection. |
| 05:55 | The mother or caregiver should always thoroughly wash hands before and after changing the nappy. |
| 06:02 | Sometimes it could happen that a baby may suffer from diaper rash. |
| 06:08 | Diaper rash is a common concern.
Typically the rash is red and bumpy and will go away in a few days with warm baths, |
| 06:18 | some diaper cream and at times without any diaper or nappy on the genital area. |
| 06:25 | Most rashes happen because the baby's skin is sensitive and becomes irritated by the wet nappy. |
| 06:33 | To prevent or treat diaper rash, change the baby's nappy often especially after bowel movements. |
| 06:41 | Gently clean the area with a soft cloth and water.
Avoid using wipes as sometimes this can be irritating. |
| 06:50 | Apply a very thick layer of diaper rash or "barrier" cream. |
| 06:55 | Creams with zinc oxide are preferred as they form a barrier against moisture. |
| 07:02 | Wash the baby’s nappy using dye and fragrance-free detergents. |
| 07:08 | Let the baby stay without a diaper or a nappy for part of the day.
This gives the skin a chance to air out. |
| 07:17 | Incase, the diaper rash continues for more than 3 days or seems to be getting worse, please consult the doctor. |
| 07:27 | It may be caused by a fungal infection that requires a prescription. |
| 07:33 | In the end, let’s discuss about baby’s sleeping pattern. |
| 07:38 | Babies sleep for around 14 to 16 hours or more, in a day. |
| 07:43 | Newborns typically sleep for a period of 2–4 hours. |
| 07:48 | Many newborns have their days and nights mixed up. |
| 07:52 | They tend to be awake and alert at night and sleepy during the day. |
| 07:58 | One way to help them sleep more at night is to keep minimum stimulation at night.
Example: keep the lights low by using a night lamp and during the day time try to keep her awake a little longer by talking and playing with her. |
| 08:16 | The mother or caregiver should remember that a baby should always be on her back while sleeping. |
| 08:24 | This reduces the risk of sudden infant death syndrome. |
| 08:30 | For other safe sleeping practices, avoid using the following items in their crib -
Blankets, Quilts, Sheep skins, stuffed toys and pillows. |
| 08:44 | All these can suffocate the baby. |
| 08:47 | Also, be sure to alternate the position of the baby's head each night - first right, then left and so on. |
| 08:57 | This will prevent the development of flat spot on one side of the baby’s head. |
| 09:04 | This brings us to the end of this tutorial.
Thanks for joining. |
