Scilab/C4/ODE-Applications/English-timed

Time	Narration
00:01	Dear Friends, Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on Solving ODEs using Scilab ode function
00:09	At the end of this tutorial, you will learn how to:
00:12	Use Scilab ode function
00:15	Solve typical examples of ODEs and
00:18	Plot the solution.
00:21	The typical examples will be:
00:24	Motion of simple pendulum
00:26	Van der Pol equation
00:28	and Lorenz system.
00:30	To record this tutorial, I am using
00:33	Ubuntu 12.04 as the operating system
00:36	and Scilab 5.3.3 version.
00:40	To practice this tutorial, a learner should have basic knowledge of Scilab
00:45	and should know how to solve ODEs.
00:48	To learn Scilab, please refer to the relevant tutorials available on the Spoken Tutorial website.
00:56	The ode function is an ordinary differential equation solver.
01:01	The syntax is y equal to ode within parenthesis y zero, t zero, t and f.
01:10	Here y zero is the initial condition of the ODEs,
01:15	t zero is the initial time,
01:17	t is the time range,
01:19	and f is the function.
01:22	Consider the motion of simple pendulum.
01:25	Let theta t be the angle made by the pendulum with the vertical at time t.
01:33	We are given the initial conditions-
01:36	theta of zero is equal to pi by four and
01:39	theta dash of zero is equal to zero.
01:44	Then the position of the pendulum is given by:
01:47	theta double dash t minus g by l into sin of theta t equal to zero.
01:56	Here g equal to 9.8 m per second square is the acceleration due to gravity and
02:03	l equal to zero point five meter is the length of the pendulum.
02:11	For the given initial conditions, we have to solve the ODE within the time range zero less than equal to t less than equal to five.
02:22	We also have to plot the solution.
02:25	Let us look at the code for solving this problem.
02:29	Open Pendulum dot sci on Scilab editor.
02:34	The first line of the code defines the initial conditions of the ODE.
02:40	Then we define the intial time value. And we provide the time range.
02:46	Next, we convert the given equation to a system of first order ODEs.
02:52	We substitute the values of g and l .
02:56	Here we take y to be the given variable theta and y dash to be theta dash.
03:03	Then we call the ode function with arguments y zero, t zero, t and the function Pendulum.
03:12	The solution to the equation will be a matrix with two rows.
03:17	The first row will contain the values of y in the given time range.
03:21	The second row will contain the values of y dash within the time range.
03:27	Hence we plot both the rows with respect to time.
03:31	Save and execute the file Pendulum dot sci.
03:37	The plot shows how the values of y and y dash vary with time.
03:44	Switch to Scilab console.
03:47	If you want to see the values of y, type y on the console and press Enter.
03:54	The values of y and y dash are displayed.
03:58	Let us solve Van der Pol equation using the ode function.
04:03	We are given the equation -
04:06	v double dash of t plus epsilon into v of t square minus one into v dash of t plus v of t equal to zero.
04:20	The initial conditions are v of two equal to one and v dash of two equal to zero.
04:28	Assume epsilon is equal to zero point eight nine seven.
04:32	We have to find the solution within the time range two less than t less than ten and then plot the solution.
04:42	Let us look at the code for Van der Pol equation.
04:47	Switch to Scilab editor and open Vander pol dot sci.
04:53	We define the initial conditions of the ODEs and time and then define the time range.
05:01	Since the inital time value is given as two, we start the time range at two.
05:07	Then we define the function Vander pol and construct a system of first order ODEs.
05:15	We substitute the value of epsilon with zero point eight nine seven.
05:21	Here y refers to the voltage v.
05:25	Then we call ode function and solve the system of equations.
05:30	Finally we plot y and y dash versus t.
05:35	Save and execute the file Vander pol dot sci.
05:41	The plot showing voltage versus time is shown.
05:45	Let's move onto Lorenz system of equations.
05:50	The Lorenz system of equations is given by:
05:53	x one dash equal to sigma into x two minus x one,
06:00	x two dash equal to one plus r minus x three into x one minus x two and
06:08	x three dash equal to x one into x two minus b into x three.
06:16	The initial conditions are x one zero equal to minus ten, x two zero equal to ten and x three zero equal to twenty five.
06:29	Let sigma be equal to ten, r be equal to twenty eight and b equal to eight by three.
06:37	Switch to Scilab editor and open Lorenz dot sci.
06:44	We start by defining the initial conditions of the ODEs.
06:48	Since there are three different ODEs, there are three initial conditions.
06:54	Then we define the inital time condition and next the time range.
07:00	We define the function Lorenz and then define the given constants sigma, r and b.
07:08	Then we define the first order ODEs.
07:12	Then we call the ode function to solve the Lorenz system of equations.
07:18	We equate the solution to x.
07:21	Then we plot x one, x two and x three versus time.
07:28	Save and execute the file Lorenz dot sci.
07:33	The plot of x one, x two and x three versus time is shown.
07:39	Let us summarize this tutorial.
07:41	In this tutorial we have learnt to develop Scilab code to solve an ODE using Scilab ode function.
07:50	Then we have learnt to plot the solution.
07:53	Watch the video available at the link shown below.
07:56	It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
07:59	If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
08:04	The spoken tutorial project Team:
08:06	Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials.
08:09	Gives certificates to those who pass an online test.
08:13	For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org.
08:20	Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project.
08:23	It is supported by the National Mission on Eduction through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
08:31	More information on this mission is available at the link shown below.
08:36	This is Ashwini Patil, signing off.
08:38	Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Gaurav, PoojaMoolya, Sandhya.np14