Difference between revisions of "Digital-Divide/D0/Getting-to-know-computers/English"

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Revision as of 11:30, 30 August 2013

Title of script: Getting to know Computers

Author : Nancy Varkey

Keywords: Parts of a Computer and Laptop


Visual Cue
Narration


Opening slide

(Slide)

Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on Getting to know Computers
Learning Objectives

(Slide)

In this tutorial we will learn about
  • the various components of a computer.

We will also learn to connect the various components.

Show image of a desktop and laptop

one after the other

Generally, there are 2 types of computers -
  • Desktop or Personal Computer and
  • Laptop


Show image of a tab PC Now-a-days, tablet PCs or tabs for short, are also quite popular.
Slide Functions of a computer.

A computer performs five major functions irrespective of their size -

  1. it accepts data or instructions by way of input
  2. it processes data as required by the user
  3. it stores data
  4. it gives results in the form of output
  5. it controls all operations inside the computer


Show block diagram on slide Basic organisation of a computer is as shown in this block diagram.


  • Input unit
  • Central Processing unit
  • Output unit


Program Results

& Data


Keyboard Printer

Mouse Storage Unit Monitor

Camera Control Unit

Arithmetic Logic Unit

Slide The Input unit helps to
  • enter the data and programs
  • into a computer system
  • in an organised manner


Show images of keyboard, mouse, camera and scanner Keyboard, mouse, camera and scanner are some of the input devices.
Slide The Central Processing unit
  • performs operations like arithmetic and logical operations and
  • stores data and instructions


Show 3D model of CPU


Zoom to show front USB ports and rotate to show USB ports at the back

Typically, the Central Processing unit or CPU looks like this.


It has many ports in the front and at the back of the unit. We will learn about them in a little while.

Slide It takes data and instructions, processes them and gives the output or results.


The task of performing operations is called processing.


The output is then stored along with the data and instructions in the storage unit.

Show image of monitor and printer The unit that supports the process of producing results from the data, is the output unit.


Monitor and printer are some of the output devices.

Show image of a desktop with the 4 components mentioned Typically, a desktop computer has 4 main components
  • Monitor
  • CPU
  • Keyboard and
  • Mouse


Show image of printer and scanner connected to a PC A camera, printer or scanner can also be connected to a computer.
Show image of monitor

(blank interface)

This is a monitor or the computer screen, as we call it.


It looks like a TV screen.


It is the visual display unit of a computer.

Image of Monitor

(with the Ubuntu interface (3 secs) and with the Windows interface (3 secs))

It displays the computer's user interface.


One can open various programs and interact with the computer, typically, using the keyboard and mouse.

Image of Keyboard >> then zoom in closer>> place a red border around the character keys and next around the number keys The keyboard is designed to enter text, characters and other commands into a computer.



Image of Mouse

(Point to the 2 buttons and the scroll button with a big red arrow)

This is the computer mouse. Typically, it has 2 clickable buttons and a scroll button in between.



Show a finger clicking the left-mouse button Pressing the left mouse button, activates most actions.



Show a finger clicking the right-mouse button Pressing the right mouse button, activates more non-standard actions like shortcuts.
Show the scroll button moving back and forth The mouse wheel is used to scroll up and down, by rolling the scroll button.
Image of Mouse The computer mouse is an alternative way to interact with the computer, besides the keyboard.
Now, let us see the various parts of the CPU.
Front part of the CPU >>Red arrow pointing to the POWER ON switch There is a prominent button on the front of the CPU which is the POWER ON switch.
Red/Blue lights appear on the POWER ON switch To turn on the computer, one needs to press this switch.
Red arrow pointing to the reset button There is a reset button, too, which helps us to restart the computer if required.
Red arrow pointing to the USB ports switch and DVD/CD-ROM reader. Also, on the front side, you will notice 2 or more USB ports and a DVD/CD-ROM reader-writer.



Zoom into the USB ports and show a pen-drive connected to it. The USB ports are used to connect pen-drives to the computer.
Show the DVD/CD-ROM reader opening >> and show a CD placed in it >> show closing of the reader. And the DVD/CD-ROM reader-writer is used to read or write a CD or a DVD.
Rotate the CPU model to show the back side of CPU Now let's look at the back of the computer.
Zoom in to show the USB ports The ports at the back, are used for connecting the CPU to the other devices of the computer.
Show 1 or 2 types of cables This is done using cables.
Show the internal components of the CPU There are many components inside the CPU.


When the computer is on, all these components work and generate heat.

Show the fans by pointing with a red arrow >> show curved arrow to indicate air flow Fans at the back provide the air flow required to cool the components.Otherwise, overheating can cause damage to the CPU, often leading to data loss.
Show the case cooling fan This is the case cooling fan.


It keeps the temperature of the CPU normal and prevents overheating.

Zoom out from previous image >>

Red arrow pointing to the PSU

Power Supply Unit, also called PSU, supplies power to the computer.
Now, let's learn how to connect the various components to the CPU.
Show all the components on a table Place all the components on the table, as shown.
Show all the cables on a table Place all the cables on the table, as shown.
Rotate the monitor and show back side. First, let's connect the monitor to the CPU.
Show the power cable >> Show the blue part being connected to the CPU

(zoomed in animation to show the part clearly)

Connect the power cable to the monitor, as shown.
Show the power plug being connected to a power supply socket. Now, connect the other end to a power supply socket.
Show the CPU power cable >> connect it to the CPU This is the power cable of the CPU.


Connect it to the CPU, as shown.

Show the power plug being connected to a power supply socket. Then, connect it to a power supply socket.
Show the keyboard cable >> Show the cable head part being connected to the CPU

(zoomed in animation to show the part clearly)

Next, connect the keyboard cable to the CPU, as shown.


The port for the keyboard is usually “purple” in colour.

Show the mouse cable >> Show the cable head part being connected to the CPU

(zoomed in animation to show the part clearly)

You can connect the mouse to the port which is “green” in colour.
Show the mouse cable >> Show the cable head part being connected to the CPU

(zoomed in animation to show the part clearly)

Red arrows pointing to the other USB ports

Alternately, you can connect the USB keyboard and mouse to any of the USB ports.



Red arrows pointing to the other USB ports The remaining USB ports can be used for connecting pen drive, hard disk etc. <PAUSE>
Show the lan cable This is a lan cable.
Show the lan port >> Show the lan cable head part being connected to the CPU

(zoomed in animation to show the part clearly)

And this is a LAN port.


It is a wired connection that allows a computer to connect to a network.

Show the other end of the lan cable head being connected to a wi-fi modem

(zoomed in animation to show the part clearly)

The other end of the lan cable is connected to a modem or a wi-fi router.


You will learn about configuring wi-fi connections in another tutorial.

Show the blinking led light on/near the lan port. The led light will blink, when the lan port is active and receiving activity.

<PAUSE>

Red arrows pointing to the other serial ports You may notice that there are other serial ports on the CPU.


These are used for connecting PDAs, modem and other serial devices.

Red arrows pointing to the other parallel ports You will also notice that there are some parallel ports on the CPU.


These are used for connecting devices like printer, scanner etc.<PAUSE>

Red rectangle around the 3 audio jacks Now, let's look at the audio jacks.
Red arrow pointing to the pink port The port in “pink” is used for connecting a microphone.



Red arrow pointing to the blue port The port in “blue” is for connecting a line in, for eg- from radio or tape player.
Red arrow pointing to the green port The port in “green” is for connecting headphone/speaker or line out.
Zoom out and show the back side with all the cables connected as per requirement. Now that we have connected all our devices, let's turn on the computer.
Show the power supply buttons on the wall being switched on First of all, switch on the power supply buttons of the monitor and the CPU.
Show the switching on of the ON button on the monitor Next, press the POWER ON button on the monitor.
Switching the ON button in CPU And then press the POWER ON switch, on the front of the CPU.
Show the opening screen when the computer is switched on

You will find images on the net... use it but animate it

Usually, you will see a string of words on a black screen, when your computer first turns on.


This is the BIOS system displaying information about

  • the computer's central processing unit,
  • information about how much memory the computer has,
  • and information about the hard disk drives and floppy disk drives.

BIOS is the software which gives the CPU its first instructions, when the computer is turned on.

The whole process of loading the operating system is called booting the computer.
Show the desktop interface in Ubuntu When all the necessary checks are done, you will see the operating system's interface.


If you are an Ubuntu Linux user, you will see this screen.

Show the desktop interface in Windows If you are a Windows user, you will see this screen.


<PAUSE>

Now, let us briefly look at a laptop.
Show image of a laptop Laptops are portable and compact computers.
Show image of a laptop on a person's lap A laptop is small and light enough to sit on a person's lap while in use.


Hence, it is called a laptop.

Red arrow pointing to the various components as per narration It has most of the same components as a desktop computer including
  • a display,
  • a keyboard,
  • a touchpad, which is the pointing and navigating device
  • a CD/DVD reader-writer and
  • mic and speakers

built into a single unit.

Red arrow pointing to the lan port and USB ports as per narration It also has a lan port and USB ports.
Red arrow pointing to the video port There is a video port, using which one can connect a projector to the laptop.
Red arrow pointing to the mic and earphone icons The audio jacks are easily identifiable, with respective icons for mic and headphones.
Red arrow pointing to the cooling fan This is the inbuilt cooling fan in the laptop.


This helps to keep the laptop from overheating.

Red arrow pointing to the connected power cable >> then show it without the cable but active. A laptop is powered by electricity via an AC adapter and has a rechargeable battery.


Hence, it is portable and can be used away from a power source.


<PAUSE>

Summary Let us summarize. In this tutorial we have learnt
  • about the various components of a desktop and laptop
  • and how to connect the various components of a desktop


About Slide Watch the video available at

http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial


• It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project


• If you do not have good bandwidth, you can

download and watch it

About Slide The Spoken Tutorial Project Team


• Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials

• Gives certificates for those who pass an online

test

• For more details, please write to

contact@spoken-tutorial.org

About Slide Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a

Teacher project


• It is supported by the National Mission on

Education through ICT, MHRD, Government

of India


• More information on this Mission is available at

http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro

Acknowledgment The animation and 3D modelling for this tutorial was done by Arthi.


And this is Nancy from the Spoken Tutorial project, IIT Bombay signing off.


Thanks for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Arthi, Nancyvarkey

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