Difference between revisions of "PhET-Simulations-for-Physics/C3/LCR-Series-and-Parallel-Circuits/English"

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(Created page with "'''Title of the Tutorial:''' LCR Series and Parallel Circuit '''Author: '''Dr. Jagdish Kaur and Amardeep Kaur '''Keywords: '''PhET, AC voltage, resistor, capacitor, inductor...")
 
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'''Learning Objectives'''
 
'''Learning Objectives'''
 
|| In this tutorial we will learn to,
 
|| In this tutorial we will learn to,
−
* Buid LCR circuits in series and parallel combination
+
* Build LCR circuits in series and parallel combination
 
* Calculate the resonance frequency from the graph and formula
 
* Calculate the resonance frequency from the graph and formula
 
|-
 
|-
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'''Resonance Frequency'''
 
'''Resonance Frequency'''
 +
 +
 
|| '''Resonance frequency'''  
 
|| '''Resonance frequency'''  
−
* It is the frequency at which the impedance of the LCR circuit becomes minimum or
+
 
 +
* It is the frequency at which the impedance of the LCR circuit becomes minimum
 +
or
 
* Current in the circuit becomes maximum.
 
* Current in the circuit becomes maximum.
 
* Resonance frequency (υ) is given by
 
* Resonance frequency (υ) is given by
 +
 +
|-
 +
 +
||'''Slide Number 6'''
 +
 +
'''Resonance Frequency''
 +
 +
Resonance frequency (υ) is given by
 
υ = <math>\frac{1}{2\pi \surd \mathit{LC}}</math>
 
υ = <math>\frac{1}{2\pi \surd \mathit{LC}}</math>
 +
 +
||Resonance frequency (υ) is given by nu is equals to one upon 2pi under root LC.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|| '''Slide Number 6'''
+
 
 +
|| '''Slide Number 7'''
  
 
Links for&nbsp;'''PhET simulations'''
 
Links for&nbsp;'''PhET simulations'''
  
 
[https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/circuit-construction-kit-ac-virtual-lab https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/circuit-construction-kit-ac-virtual-lab]
 
[https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/circuit-construction-kit-ac-virtual-lab https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/circuit-construction-kit-ac-virtual-lab]
 +
 
|| In this tutorial we will use '''Circuit Construction Kit AC: Virtual Lab PhET simulation'''.
 
|| In this tutorial we will use '''Circuit Construction Kit AC: Virtual Lab PhET simulation'''.
  
Line 68: Line 84:
  
 
Point to the browser address.
 
Point to the browser address.
−
|| To open the simulation, click on '''Circuit Construction Kit AC: Virtual Lab Simulation _en.html '''file.
+
|| To open the simulation, click on '''Circuit Construction Kit AC: Virtual Lab Simulation html '''file.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| '''Point to the simulation interface.'''
 
|| '''Point to the simulation interface.'''
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|-
 
|-
 
|| Cursor on the interface.
 
|| Cursor on the interface.
−
|| Let us find the resonance frequency for '''LCR series '''circuit.  
+
|| Let us find the resonance frequency for '''LCR series ''' circuit.  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| Point to the left side of Circuit elements
 
|| Point to the left side of Circuit elements
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'''Click on the AC Voltage source'''
 
'''Click on the AC Voltage source'''
−
|| Now attach an AC voltage source parallel to the inductor using connecting wires.  
+
|| Now attach an AC voltage source parallel to the inductor using wires.  
  
−
The AC voltage value is 9 V and its frequency is 0.50 Hz.
+
The AC voltage value is 9 Volts and its frequency is 0.50 Hz.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| '''Point on the switch and attached with the AC Voltage source.'''
 
|| '''Point on the switch and attached with the AC Voltage source.'''
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'''Click on the Values check box on the right panel '''
 
'''Click on the Values check box on the right panel '''
−
|| The circuit is completed by connecting wires in between switch and ammeter.
+
|| The circuit is completed by connecting the wires in between the switch and the ammeter.
  
 
Click the '''Values''' check box on the right, to display value of each component.
 
Click the '''Values''' check box on the right, to display value of each component.
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Pause the simulation.
 
Pause the simulation.
  
−
For 0.12Hz frequency current value is 0.66 ampere.
+
For 0.12 Hz frequency current value is 0.66 ampere.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| '''Slide Number 7'''
 
|| '''Slide Number 7'''
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|| Let us place an inductor, a capacitor and a resistor in parallel to each other.
 
|| Let us place an inductor, a capacitor and a resistor in parallel to each other.
  
−
Now let us connect them using the connecting wires.
+
Now let us connect them using wires.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| '''Drag a wire and ammeter.'''
 
|| '''Drag a wire and ammeter.'''
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|-
 
|-
 
|| '''Point on the switch and attached with the light bulb'''
 
|| '''Point on the switch and attached with the light bulb'''
−
|| Let’s drag a switch and attach it in series with the light bulb with a wire.
+
|| Let’s drag a switch and attach it in series with the light bulb using a wire.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| '''Drag wires and attached in the circuit.'''
 
|| '''Drag wires and attached in the circuit.'''
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|-
 
|-
 
|| '''Point to the current chart'''
 
|| '''Point to the current chart'''
−
|| Drag the current chart and place its probe near the ammeter.
+
|| Drag a current chart and place its probe near the ammeter.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| '''Click on the AC Voltage source'''
 
|| '''Click on the AC Voltage source'''

Revision as of 11:40, 30 January 2025

Title of the Tutorial: LCR Series and Parallel Circuit

Author: Dr. Jagdish Kaur and Amardeep Kaur

Keywords: PhET, AC voltage, resistor, capacitor, inductor, resonance frequency, video tutorial.

Visual Cue Narration
Slide Number 1

Title Slide

Welcome to this Spoken Tutorial on LCR Series and Parallel Circuits.
Slide Number 2

Learning Objectives

In this tutorial we will learn to,
  • Build LCR circuits in series and parallel combination
  • Calculate the resonance frequency from the graph and formula
Slide Number 3

System Requirements

This tutorial is recorded using,
  • Windows 11
  • Google Chrome v 123.0.63
Slide Number 4

Pre-requisites

To follow this tutorial,

Learners should be familiar with topics in,

  • Simple AC circuits
Slide Number 5

Resonance Frequency


Resonance frequency
  • It is the frequency at which the impedance of the LCR circuit becomes minimum

or

  • Current in the circuit becomes maximum.
  • Resonance frequency (υ) is given by
Slide Number 6

'Resonance Frequency

Resonance frequency (υ) is given by υ = <math>\frac{1}{2\pi \surd \mathit{LC}}</math>

Resonance frequency (υ) is given by nu is equals to one upon 2pi under root LC.
Slide Number 7

Links for PhET simulations

https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/circuit-construction-kit-ac-virtual-lab

In this tutorial we will use Circuit Construction Kit AC: Virtual Lab PhET simulation.

Please use the given link to download the simulation.

Point to the simulations in the Downloads folder.

Circuit Construction Kit AC: Virtual Lab

I have already downloaded the simulation to my Downloads folder.
Point to Circuit Construction Kit AC: Virtual Lab Simulation. Let us begin.
Right-click on Circuit Construction Kit AC: Virtual Lab Simulation_en.html file.

Select Open with Google Chrome option.

Point to the browser address.

To open the simulation, click on Circuit Construction Kit AC: Virtual Lab Simulation html file.
Point to the simulation interface. This is the interface of Circuit construction Kit: AC Virtual Lab simulation.
Cursor on the interface. Let us find the resonance frequency for LCR series circuit.
Point to the left side of Circuit elements On the left side of the interface, we can see a list of circuit elements.
Drag a wire Drag a wire to the interface.
Drag an Inductor

Click on the inductor

Point to the value of inductor.

Let’s attach an inductor to the wire.

The inductance value of the inductor is 5 Henry.

Drag a Capacitor

Click on the capacitor

Point to the value of capacitor

Let us add a capacitor in series to the inductor.

The capacitance of capacitor is 0.1 Farads.

Drag a Resistor.

Click on the Resistor

Point to the value of resistance.

Now add a resistor in series to the capacitor.

The resistance of the resistor is 10 ohms.

Drag a wire and ammeter. Let’s attach an ammeter in series to the resistor using a connecting wire.
Point to the AC voltage source

Click on the AC Voltage source

Now attach an AC voltage source parallel to the inductor using wires.

The AC voltage value is 9 Volts and its frequency is 0.50 Hz.

Point on the switch and attached with the AC Voltage source. Let’s drag and attach a switch in series to the AC Voltage source using a wire.
Drag wires and attached in the circuit.

Click on the Values check box on the right panel

The circuit is completed by connecting the wires in between the switch and the ammeter.

Click the Values check box on the right, to display value of each component.

Single click on the switch Now, close the switch by clicking on it.
Point to the ammeter reading Ammeter reading shows AC current flowing through the circuit.
Point to the current chart Drag the current chart and place its probe near the ammeter.
Click on the AC Voltage source We will change the frequency of AC voltage source to 0.1 Hz.

Observe change in the amplitude in the current chart.

Click on Pause button Please pause the simulation.
Click on the step forward radio button Using the step forward button, observe the maximum value of the current reading.

For 0.1 Hertz frequency, current value is 0.56 A.

Click on the AC voltage source and change in frequency in steps Again, change the frequency of AC voltage source in steps of 0.02 Hz.

Let us note the ammeter reading at each frequency.

Pause the simulation.

For 0.12 Hz frequency current value is 0.66 ampere.

Slide Number 7

LCR Series Circuit

Frequency (Hz) Current (A)
0.1 0.56
0.12 0.66
0.14 0.74
0.16 0.8
0.18 0.86
0.2 0.89
0.22 0.89
0.24 0.90
0.26 0.88
0.28 0.86
0.3 0.83
0.32 0.89
0.34 0.77
0.36 0.73
0.38 0.7
0.4 0.68
The value of current at each frequency is given in the following table:
Slide Number 8

LCR Series Circuit

From the graph: Current has maximum value at 0.24 Hertz frequency.
Cursor on the interface.

Click the Reset button

Now let us find the resonance frequency for LCR Parallel circuit.

Click the Reset button the refresh the interface.

Drag an Inductor, Capacitor, Resistor and connecting wires Let us place an inductor, a capacitor and a resistor in parallel to each other.

Now let us connect them using wires.

Drag a wire and ammeter. Let’s attach an ammeter in series to the inductor using a connecting wire.
Point to the AC voltage source Now attach an AC voltage source in parallel to the inductor using wires.
Drag a light bulb and wire Let’s attach a light bulb in series to the AC source using a wire.
Point on the switch and attached with the light bulb Let’s drag a switch and attach it in series with the light bulb using a wire.
Drag wires and attached in the circuit. The circuit is completed by connecting the wires in between the switch and the ammeter.
Left click on the switch. Now, close the switch by clicking on it.
Point to the ammeter reading Ammeter reading shows AC current flowing through the circuit.
Point to the current chart Drag a current chart and place its probe near the ammeter.
Click on the AC Voltage source Let us change the frequency of AC voltage source to 0.1 Hz .

Observe changes in the current chart.

Click on Pause button Pause the simulation
Click on the step forward radio button

Point to the current reading values.

Let us click the step forward button several times.

Observe the values of the current readings.

For 0.1 Hz frequency maximum current value is 0.75 ampere.

Click on the AC voltage source and change in frequency in steps Let us change the frequency of AC voltage source in steps of 0.02 Hz.

Let us note the ammeter reading at each frequency.

Pause the simulation.

For frequency 0.12 Hz, current value is 0.7 A.

Slide Number 9

LCR Parallel Circuit

Frequency (Hz) Current (A)
0.1 0.75
0.12 0.7
0.14 0.63
0.16 0.56
0.18 0.52
0.2 0.48
0.22 0.45
0.24 0.44
0.26 0.46
0.28 0.5
0.3 0.54
0.32 0.57
0.34 0.61
0.36 0.63
0.38 0.65
0.4 0.67
Let us tabulate the values of current at each frequency.

The different values of frequency and current are shown in this table.

Slide Number 10

LCR Parallel Circuit

From Graph: Current has minimum value at 0.24 Hertz frequency.

Slide Number 11

Resonance Frequency from Equation

In LCR series and parallel circuits,

Inductance value is 5 H

Capacitance value is 0.1 F

Resonance frequency (υ) is = <math>\frac{1}{2\pi \sqrt{\mathrm{❑}}}</math>= 0.225 Hz

Calculated value of resonance frequency is comparable with the value obtained from graph.

With this, we come to the end of this tutorial.

Let us summarise.

Slide Number 12

Summary

Using this simulation we have
  • Built LCR circuits in series and parallel combination
  • Calculated the resonance frequency from the graph and formula
Slide Number 13

Assignment 1

As an assignment
  • Change the inductance to 7 H and capacitance to 0.2 F and
  • Calculate the resonance frequency
Slide Number 14

Assignment 2

* Change the resistance values to 5 ohms and 15 ohms.
  • Find the variation of current with frequency.
Slide Number 15

Spoken Tutorial Project

The video at the following link summarises the Spoken Tutorial Project.

Please download and watch it.

Slide Number 16

Spoken Tutorial workshops

The Spoken Tutorial Project team,

Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials

Gives certificates to those who pass an online test

For more details, please write to us contact@spoken-tutorail.org

Slide Number 17

Forum for specific questions:

Please post your timed queries in this forum.

Visit https://forums.spoken-tutorail.org

The Spoken Tutorial project will ensure an answer.

You will have to register to ask questions

Slide Number 18

Acknowledgement

The Spoken Tutorial Project was established by the Ministry of Education, Government of India.
This tutorial is contributed by Dr. Jagdish Kaur and Amardeep Kaur from DAV College Amritsar.

Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Ketkinaina, Madhurig

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