Difference between revisions of "OpenFOAM/C3/Simulating-Hagen-Poiseuille-flow/English"

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* To create and '''mesh 3D cylindrical pipe.'''<br/>  
 
* To create and '''mesh 3D cylindrical pipe.'''<br/>  
  
−
* To '''simulate '''the '''Hagen-Poiseuille flow''' <br/> having''' fixed pressure ratio''' across '''boundaries.'''<br/>  
+
* To '''simulate '''the '''Hagen-Poiseuille flow''' <br/> having''' fixed pressure ratio''' across '''boundaries.'''<br/> and
  
 
* To visualize the '''velocity contour '''in '''ParaView'''.
 
* To visualize the '''velocity contour '''in '''ParaView'''.
Line 36: Line 36:
 
*'''Linux Operating system Ubuntu '''12.04  
 
*'''Linux Operating system Ubuntu '''12.04  
  
−
*'''OpenFOAM version '''2.1.1  
+
*'''OpenFOAM version '''2.1.1 and
  
 
*'''ParaView''' '''version '''3.12.0  
 
*'''ParaView''' '''version '''3.12.0  
Line 62: Line 62:
 
'''Viscosity''' of fluid used, that is, water is given.
 
'''Viscosity''' of fluid used, that is, water is given.
  
−
Pressure at the '''inlet''' is 20''' Pascals''' and '''outlet''' is 0''' Pascals.'''
+
Pressure at the '''inlet''' is 20''' Pascals''' and at the '''outlet''' is 0''' Pascals.'''
  
 
As it is an '''incompressible flow''', only the pressure difference is of importance.
 
As it is an '''incompressible flow''', only the pressure difference is of importance.
Line 140: Line 140:
 
First, Let's create the '''case directory''' in ''''icoFoam'''' folder.
 
First, Let's create the '''case directory''' in ''''icoFoam'''' folder.
  
−
Give it some name.
+
And Give it some name.
  
 
I have named it as''' '3dpipe''''.
 
I have named it as''' '3dpipe''''.
Line 175: Line 175:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Show the pressure value written
 
| Show the pressure value written
−
| Hence the''' pressure '''value in '''pascals''' is divided by '''density''', that is, 1000''' Kg/m3''' '''(Kg per meter cube),''' and written here.  
+
| Hence the''' pressure '''value in '''pascals''' is divided by the '''density''', that is, 1000''' Kg/m3''' '''(Kg per meter cube),''' and written here.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
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|-
 
|-
 
| Open U file in the same folder and show
 
| Open U file in the same folder and show
−
| File containing '''velocity boundary condition '''is as shown:
+
| File containing the '''velocity boundary condition '''is as seen:lets open the file we can see the '''velocity boundary condition ''' for inlet, outlet and fixed walls
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 197: Line 197:
  
 
Hover the pointer on the geometry and drag it towards the z direction.
 
Hover the pointer on the geometry and drag it towards the z direction.
−
| To create a '''3D geometry''' of a pipe I have made a '''2D''' circular '''geometry '''and extruded the length in the z direction.
+
| To create a '''3D geometry''' of a pipe I have made a '''2D''' circular '''geometry '''and extruded the length in z direction.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Point out the numbering pattern.
 
| Point out the numbering pattern.
−
| Numbering Pattern is as shown.
+
| Numbering Pattern is as shown. You can also see the dimension of the mesh.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Minimize the slides
 
| Minimize the slides
−
| To see the '''blockMeshDict''' file, let's minimize the slides.
+
| To see the '''blockMeshDict''' file, let's minimize the slides.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Go to folder 'constant' and then 'polyMesh' and open blockMeshDict file and show it.
 
| Go to folder 'constant' and then 'polyMesh' and open blockMeshDict file and show it.
−
| Let's go into the folder ''''constant',''' and then ''''polyMesh'.'''
+
| Let's go into the folder ''''constant',''' and then ''''polyMesh'.''' lets open the'''blockMeshDict ' file. You can see the vertices, logs,hex and boundaries  for inlet outlet and fixed wall.
  
−
Final '''blockMeshDict '''file is as shown:
+
|-  
−
 
+
| Close the file and come out of the folder 'polyMesh
−
|-
+
| Let's close the file and come out of the ''''polyMesh'''' folder.
−
| Close the file and come out of the folder 'constant'
+
−
| Let's close the file and come out of the ''''constant'''' folder.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Open and show transportProperties file and point at the value viscosity value
 
| Open and show transportProperties file and point at the value viscosity value
−
| We see the ''''transportProperties' '''file.
+
| We see the ''''transportProperties' '''file. Lets open the file
  
 
Note the '''dynamic viscosity '''value, here, is 1e-06.
 
Note the '''dynamic viscosity '''value, here, is 1e-06.
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|-
 
|-
 
| Close the file and come out of the 'constant' folder.
 
| Close the file and come out of the 'constant' folder.
−
| Let's close the file and come out to the ''''constant' '''folder.
+
| Let's close the file and come out of the 'folder ''''constant' ''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
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|-
 
|-
 
| Show time step value
 
| Show time step value
−
| The '''time step''' has been set to 1e-03.
+
| The solution '''converges''' after 18 seconds. The final '''time step''' is kept 19.The '''time step''' has been set to 1e-03.
 +
 
  
−
The solution '''converges''' after 18 seconds. The final '''time step''' is kept 19.
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
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| To start the '''iterations''' type '''icoFoam''' and press '''Enter'''.  
 
| To start the '''iterations''' type '''icoFoam''' and press '''Enter'''.  
  
−
We can see the '''iterations''' running.
+
We see the '''iterations''' are  running.
  
 
|-
 
|-
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| Iterations has been done.
 
| Iterations has been done.
  
−
After the '''iterations''' end type '''paraFoam''' for '''postprocessing''' the results and press '''Enter'''.  
+
After the '''iterations''' end type '''paraFoam''' for '''postprocessing''' the results and press '''Enter'''. It will open the" paraview". This is " paraview"
−
 
+
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Click on Apply.
 
| Click on Apply.
Line 305: Line 303:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Go to Object Inspector menu, go to Display, click on Rescale data range
 
| Go to Object Inspector menu, go to Display, click on Rescale data range
−
| Go to '''Object Inspector menu''', go to '''Display''', click on '''Rescale''' '''data range.'''
+
| Go to '''Object Inspector menu''', go to '''Display''', click on '''Rescale''' to '''data range.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| go to the toolbar named common, click on Clips and press Apply
 
| go to the toolbar named common, click on Clips and press Apply
−
| To view the half section, go to the toolbar named '''common''', click on '''Clips''' and press '''Apply'''.
+
| To view the half section, go to the toolbar named '''common''', click on '''Clips''' go to object inspector menu properties and press '''Apply'''.Lets Zoom in
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Open the color legent
+
| Open the color legend
 
| Let's open the '''color legend.'''
 
| Let's open the '''color legend.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
−
| We can see the '''maximum velocity''' is near to the actual '''maximum velocity'''.
+
| We can see the '''maximum velocity''' is near to the actual '''maximum velocity'''i.e 4.0 metersp/s
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Go to Filters> Data Analysis> Plot Over Lines
 
| Go to Filters> Data Analysis> Plot Over Lines
−
| To view the graph Go to '''Filters'''> '''Data Analysis'''> '''Plot Over Lines.'''
+
| To view the graph Go to '''Filters'''at the top '''Data Analysis'''and press '''Plot Over Lines.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| click on Y axis and press Apply
 
| click on Y axis and press Apply
−
| Let's click on '''Y''' axis and press '''Apply'''.
+
|Press '''Y''' axis and press '''Apply'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Point towards the parabolic profile
 
| Point towards the parabolic profile
−
| We see the '''parabolic''' '''profile''' for '''Hagen-Poiseuille flow'''.
+
| We can see the '''parabolic''' '''profile''' for '''Hagen-Poiseuille flow'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
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|-
 
|-
 
| Close ParaView
 
| Close ParaView
−
| Close '''ParaView'''.
+
| lets Close '''ParaView'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Switch to the slides
 
| Switch to the slides
−
| Let's switch to the''' slides'''.
+
|And switch to the''' slides'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 347: Line 345:
 
| In this tutorial we have learned:
 
| In this tutorial we have learned:
  
−
*To create '''3D pipe geometry.
+
*To create and mesh '''3D pipe geometry.
−
*To simulate '''Hagen-Poiseuille flow''' for a '''fixed pressure ratio.'''
+
*To simulate '''Hagen-Poiseuille flow''' for a '''fixed pressure ratio'''across boundaries and
−
*To visualize the '''velocity''' results in '''ParaView'''.
+
*To visualize the '''velocity''' results in '''ParaView'''.
  
−
This brings us to the end of the tutorial.
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 362: Line 359:
 
Change the '''geometry parameters '''such as length and diameter.
 
Change the '''geometry parameters '''such as length and diameter.
  
−
Change the corresponding '''pressure ratio.'''
+
Change the corresponding '''pressure ratio.''' and
  
 
Use the fluid of different '''viscosity.'''
 
Use the fluid of different '''viscosity.'''

Revision as of 13:32, 19 April 2013

Tutorial: To simulate Hagen-Poiseuille flow in OpenFOAM.

Script and Narration : Saurabh S. Sawant

Keywords: Video tutorial,CFD.


Visual Cue Narration
Slide 1: Hello and welcome to the spoken tutorial on simulating Hagen-Poiseuille flow in OpenFOAM.
Slide 2 : Learning Objectives


In this tutorial we will see:
  • To create and mesh 3D cylindrical pipe.
  • To simulate the Hagen-Poiseuille flow
    having fixed pressure ratio across boundaries.
    and
  • To visualize the velocity contour in ParaView.
Slide 3: System Requirement To record this tutorial, I am using
  • Linux Operating system Ubuntu 12.04
  • OpenFOAM version 2.1.1 and
  • ParaView version 3.12.0
Slide 4: Prerequisites To practice this tutorial learner should have the knowledge of

Basic Fluid Dynamics

and Hagen-Poiseuille flow

Slide 5:

Hagen-Poiseuille Flow Diagram


Read aloud the given points and show the contents in the diagram with the mouse pointer.

Here is, Hagen-Poiseuille Flow Diagram.

We can see the dimensions and boundaries of the pipe.

Viscosity of fluid used, that is, water is given.

Pressure at the inlet is 20 Pascals and at the outlet is 0 Pascals.

As it is an incompressible flow, only the pressure difference is of importance.

Slide 6:

Formulas and Analytical Solution

Read aloud the given points

Formulas and Analytical Solution:

For Hagen-Poiseuille flow,

Pressure drop along the pipe is:

(P1 minus P2) equals (32 mew Uaverage L) upon (D square)

By substituting the values from the previous diagram, we get,

Uaverage equals to 0.208 m/s

Maximum Velocity is given as,

Two times the average velocity, which would be, 0.416 m/s

Reynolds Number for the flow is,

Uaverage into D upon nu, that comes out to be, 2080

Hence, the flow is transient.

Slide 7: Transient Solver Type of solver used here is,

IcoFOAM


It is a Transient Solver

It is used for incompressible, laminar flow of Newtonian fluids.

Slide 8:

Pressure Boundary Conditions

Pressure Boundary Conditions used,

At Inlet: fixedPressure

At Outlet: fixedPressure

At Walls: ZeroGradient

Slide 9:

Velocity Boundary Conditions

Velocity Boundary Conditions used,

At Inlet: pressureInletVelocity

At Outlet: zeroGradient

At Walls: fixedValue

Show 3dpipe folder.

Show the 3dpipe folder

For executing this case,

First, Let's create the case directory in 'icoFoam' folder. 

And Give it some name.

I have named it as '3dpipe'.

Point the mouse pointer from lid driven folder to 3d pipe folder. To know the location of this folder, go through the tutorial on lid driven cavity.

Copy the '0' (zero), 'constant' and 'system' folders of lid driven cavity problem in the newly created folder.



Go inside the 3dpipe folder. Let's go inside the '3dpipe' folder.
Hover the pointer over the folder inside the 3dpipe folder. I have already copied the folders into my '3dpipe' folder and modified the files in it.
Go into the '0' folder and open P file and show it Now, let's go into the '0' folder.

And open the 'P' file.

This is the pressure boundary condition file.

Show the pressure boundary condition file and show the dimensions inside it. Note that the dimensions are in (meter square) per (second square) (m2/s2).
Show the pressure value written Hence the pressure value in pascals is divided by the density, that is, 1000 Kg/m3 (Kg per meter cube), and written here.
Close the file Let's close the file.
Open U file in the same folder and show File containing the velocity boundary condition is as seen:lets open the file we can see the velocity boundary condition for inlet, outlet and fixed walls
Close the file and come out of the '0' folder Let's close the file and come out of the '0' folder.
Switch back to the slides To see the blocking strategy, let me switch back to the slides.
Slide 10: Blocking Strategy

Hover the pointer on the geometry and drag it towards the z direction.

To create a 3D geometry of a pipe I have made a 2D circular geometry and extruded the length in z direction.
Point out the numbering pattern. Numbering Pattern is as shown. You can also see the dimension of the mesh.
Minimize the slides To see the blockMeshDict file, let's minimize the slides.
Go to folder 'constant' and then 'polyMesh' and open blockMeshDict file and show it. Let's go into the folder 'constant', and then 'polyMesh'. lets open theblockMeshDict ' file. You can see the vertices, logs,hex and boundaries for inlet outlet and fixed wall.
Close the file and come out of the folder 'polyMesh Let's close the file and come out of the 'polyMesh' folder.
Open and show transportProperties file and point at the value viscosity value We see the 'transportProperties' file. Lets open the file

Note the dynamic viscosity value, here, is 1e-06.

Close the file and come out of the 'constant' folder. Let's close the file and come out of the 'folder ''constant' .
Go into the system folder and open the controlDict file. Show it. Let's go into the 'system' folder.

Now, let's have a look at the 'controlDict' file.

Show time step value The solution converges after 18 seconds. The final time step is kept 19.The time step has been set to 1e-03.


Close the file and the Home folder Let's close the file.

Let's close the 'Home' folder.

Press 'control', 'alt' and 't' keys altogether Now to execute the case, we will, first, go inside the '3dpipe' folder through terminal.Let's open the terminal by pressing 'control', 'alt' and 't' keys, altogether.
Type run and press Enter in the terminal. Type run and press Enter
Type cd (space) tutorials and press Enter Type cd (space) tutorials and press Enter
Type cd (space) incompressible and press Enter Type cd (space) incompressible and press Enter
Type cd (space) icoFoam and press Enter Type cd (space) icoFoam and press Enter
Type cd (space) 3Dpipe and press Enter Type cd (space) 3Dpipe and press Enter
Type blockMesh and press Enter Now to create the mesh, type blockMesh and press Enter.

Meshing has been done.

After the meshing is done, type icoFoam to start the iterations To start the iterations type icoFoam and press Enter.

We see the iterations are running.

After the iterations are done, type paraFoam for postprocessing the results and press Enter. Iterations has been done.

After the iterations end type paraFoam for postprocessing the results and press Enter. It will open the" paraview". This is " paraview"

Click on Apply. Let's click on Apply on the left hand side of the Object inspector menu to see the geometry.
Rotate the geometry by pressing the button of the mouse and move it in the required direction. Let's rotate the geometry for a better view.
Click on the active variable control menu and select U in the drop-down menu Click on the active variable control menu and select U in the drop-down menu.
Click on play button At the top, in VCR toolbar, click on Play button.
Go to Object Inspector menu, go to Display, click on Rescale data range Go to Object Inspector menu, go to Display, click on Rescale to data range.
go to the toolbar named common, click on Clips and press Apply To view the half section, go to the toolbar named common, click on Clips go to object inspector menu properties and press Apply.Lets Zoom in
Open the color legend Let's open the color legend.
We can see the maximum velocity is near to the actual maximum velocityi.e 4.0 metersp/s
Go to Filters> Data Analysis> Plot Over Lines To view the graph Go to Filtersat the top Data Analysisand press Plot Over Lines.
click on Y axis and press Apply Press Y axis and press Apply.
Point towards the parabolic profile We can see the parabolic profile for Hagen-Poiseuille flow.
Close the graph Let's close the graph.
Close ParaView lets Close ParaView.
Switch to the slides And switch to the slides.
Slide 11: Summary In this tutorial we have learned:
  • To create and mesh 3D pipe geometry.
  • To simulate Hagen-Poiseuille flow for a fixed pressure ratioacross boundaries and 
*To visualize the velocity results in ParaView.


Slide 12 : Assignment


As an assignment,

Change the geometry parameters such as length and diameter.

Change the corresponding pressure ratio. and

Use the fluid of different viscosity.

Slide 13: About Spoken tutorials
  • Watch the video available at the following link
  • It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project
  • If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it
Slide 14: About Spoken tutorials The Spoken Tutorial Project Team
  • Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials
  • Gives certificates for those who pass an online test
  • For more details, please write to contact at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org
Slide 15: Acknowledgement Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project
  • It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India
  • More information on this Mission is available at
  • spoken hyphen tutorial dot org slash NMEICT hyphen Intro

Contributors and Content Editors

DeepaVedartham, Nancyvarkey, P12575, Sneha

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