Difference between revisions of "KTurtle/C2/Grammar-of-TurtleScript/English-timed"

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|| Grammar of '''Turtle script'''  and  ''''if'-'else'''' condition.
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|| grammar of '''Turtle script'''  and  ''''if'-'else'''' condition.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||00:16
 
||00:16
 
||To record this tutorial, I am using:
 
||To record this tutorial, I am using:
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* '''Ubuntu Linux OS''' version 12.04
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* '''Ubuntu Linux OS''' version '''12.04'''
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* '''KTurtle''' version 0.8.1 '''beta'''.  
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* '''KTurtle''' version '''0.8.1''' '''beta'''.  
 
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|| 00:29
 
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||00:35
 
||00:35
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||If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website: http://spoken-tutorial.org  
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||If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website:
 +
http://spoken-tutorial.org  
 
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|-
 
||00:40
 
||00:40
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||00:45
 
||00:45
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||In the Search bar, type: '''"KTurtle".'''
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||In the '''Search bar''', type: "kturtle".  
  
 
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||00:52
 
||00:52
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||We can also open KTurtle  using '''Terminal.'''
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||We can also open KTurtle  using '''Terminal.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
||00:56
 
||00:56
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||Press '''Ctrl+Alt+T''' simultaneously to open the Terminal.
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||Press '''Ctrl+Alt+T''' keys simultaneously to open the Terminal.
 
   
 
   
 
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|-
 
||01:01
 
||01:01
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||Type '''KTurtle'''  and press '''Enter''' to open the 'KTurtle' Application.
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||Type '''kturtle'''  and press '''Enter''' to open the 'KTurtle' Application.
 
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||Now we will see where to store numbers.
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||Now, we will see where to store numbers.
  
 
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||01:42
 
||01:42
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||'''Numbers'''  can be stored in
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||'''Numbers'''  can be stored in:
  
 
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||02:09
 
||02:09
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||Using the assignment equal to (=), a variable is given its content.  
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||Using the assignment '''equal to''' (=), a variable is given its contents.  
  
 
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||02:20
 
||02:20
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||* strings '''$a=hello''' or  
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||* '''string'''s '''$a=hello''' or  
  
 
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||02:25
 
||02:25
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||* boolean values that is '''true''' or '''false''' '''$a=true'''
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||* boolean values that is '''true''' or '''false''' '''$a=true'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
||02:32
 
||02:32
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||Variable keeps the content until program finishes execution or until it is reassigned to something else.  
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||Variable keeps the contents until program finishes execution or until it is reassigned to something else.  
  
 
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||03:06
 
||03:06
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||Variable 'b' is assigned a value '''25'''  
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||Variable 'b' is assigned a value '''25'''.
  
 
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||03.40
 
||03.40
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||Let us next see the Mathematical  Operators.
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||Let us next see the mathematical operators.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
||03:44
 
||03:44
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||Mathematical operators include-
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||Mathematical operators include -
  
−
* '''+''' (Addition)  
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* '+' (Addition)  
  
−
* '''-''' (Subtraction)  
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* '-' (Subtraction)  
  
−
* '''*''' (Multiplication)  and
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* '*' (Multiplication)  and
  
−
* '''/''' (Division)
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* '/' (Division)
 
|-
 
|-
 
||03:53
 
||03:53
−
|| I will clear the current '''code''' from editor and type '''clear''' command and '''RUN''' to clean the canvas.
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|| I will clear the current code from the editor and type "clear" command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||04:01
 
||04:01
−
||I already have a program in a text editor.  
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||I already have a program in a text-editor.  
 
|-
 
|-
 
||04:05
 
||04:05
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||I will Explain the code now.
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||I will explain the code now.
 
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||04:08
 
||04:08
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||04:26
 
||04:26
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||Value '''20-5''' is assigned to variable '''$subtract'''.  
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||Value '''20-5''' is assigned to the variable '''$subtract'''.  
 
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||04:31
 
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||04:40
 
||04:40
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||'''go 10,10''' commands to '''Turtle''' to go 10 pixels left of canvas and 10 pixels from top of canvas.
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||'''go 10,10''' commands '''Turtle''' to go 10 pixels left of canvas and 10 pixels from top of canvas.
 
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||04:52
 
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||04:56
 
||04:56
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||I will '''copy''' the code from '''text editor''' and '''paste''' it into '''KTurtle''' editor.
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||I will '''copy''' the code from text-editor and '''paste''' it into '''KTurtle''' editor.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
||05:03
 
||05:03
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||Pause the tutorial and type the program into''' KTurtle''' editor.
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||Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your ''' KTurtle''' editor.
  
 
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||05:13
 
||05:13
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||Let us click on '''Run''' button  to run the program.
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||Let us click on '''Run''' button  to '''run''' the program.
  
 
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|| 05:41
 
|| 05:41
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|| I will clear the current code from editor and type '''clear''' command and '''RUN''' to clean the canvas.
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|| I will clear the current code from the editor. Type '''"clear"''' command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
 
|-
 
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|| 05:49
 
|| 05:49
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||I will  zoom the program text to have clear view.
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||I will  zoom the program text to have a clear view.
 
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|| 05:53
 
|| 05:53
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||Here, 10 is compared to 3 with the ’'''greater than'''’ operator.
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||Here, 10 is compared to 3 with the '''greater than''' operator.
  
 
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||06:14
 
||06:14
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||The result of this comparison, the '''boolean value 'true'''', is stored in the  
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||The result of this comparison, the '''boolean value''' 'true', is stored in the  
  
 
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||06:19
 
||06:19
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||variable '''$answer''' and the value '''true''' is displayed on the canvas.
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||variable '''$answer''' and the value 'true' is displayed on the canvas.
 
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||'''Turtle''' displays '''Boolean value 'true'''' on the canvas.
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||'''Turtle''' displays Boolean value 'true' on the canvas.
 
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||06:34
 
||06:34
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||Now, let's see how '''String'''s work in this application –
+
||Now, let's see how '''String'''s work in this application-
  
 
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|| 07:00
 
|| 07:00
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||I will clear the current code from editor. Type '''clear''' command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
+
||I will clear the current code from editor. Type "clear" command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
 
|-
 
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||  07:08
 
||  07:08
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||07:11
 
||07:11
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||There are only two '''boolean''' values: '''true''' and '''false.'''
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||There are only two '''boolean''' values: "true" and "false".  
 
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||07:16
 
||07:16
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||For example:  Let's type the code  
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||For example, let's type the code:
  
 
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||07:34
 
||07:34
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||'''Boolean value 'false'''' is assigned to variable''' $answer'''  because 7 is greater than 5.
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||The '''Boolean value''' 'false' is assigned to the  variable''' $answer'''  because 7 is greater than 5.
 
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|| 07:43
 
|| 07:43
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||07:47
 
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||'''Turtle''' diplays '''Boolean''' value '''false''' on the canvas.
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||'''Turtle''' displays '''Boolean''' value "false" on the canvas.
 
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||‘if’ condition is executed only if the '''boolean''' value evaluates ‘true’.  
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||‘if’ condition is executed only if the boolean value evaluates ‘true’.  
  
 
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|| 08:09
 
|| 08:09
−
||I will clear the current code from editor. Type '''clear''' command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
+
||I will clear the current code from editor. Type "clear" command and '''Run''' to clean the canvas.
 
|-
 
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||08:17
 
||08:17
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|| 08:21
 
|| 08:21
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||This code compares numbers 4 , 5 and 6 and displays the results accordingly on the canvas.
+
||This code compares numbers 4 , 5 and 6 and displays the results accordingly on the canvas.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||08:30
 
||08:30
−
||I will copy the code from text editor and paste it into '''KTurtle''' editor.
+
||I will copy the code from text-editor and paste it into '''KTurtle''' editor.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
||08:36
 
||08:36
−
||Pause the tutorial and type the program into your '''KTurtle''' editor.
+
||Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your '''KTurtle''' editor.
  
 
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|| 08:46
 
|| 08:46
−
||Let's Run the code now.
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||Let's '''run''' the code now.
  
 
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||08:53
 
||08:53
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||and has displayed the result "4 is smaller than 6" on the canvas.  
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||and has displayed the result: "4 is smaller than 6" on the canvas.  
 
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||09:00
 
||09:00
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||09:59
 
||09:59
−
||Watch the video available at this URL: http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken-Tutorial
+
||Watch the video available at this URL:
 +
http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken-Tutorial
  
 
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|| 10:12
 
|| 10:12
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||The Spoken Tutorial Project team :  
+
||The Spoken Tutorial project team :  
  
 
|-
 
|-
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||10:22
 
||10:22
−
||For more details, please write to:   contact@spoken-tutorial.org  
+
||For more details, please write to:
 +
contact@spoken-tutorial.org  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| 10:30
 
|| 10:30
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||10:43
 
||10:43
−
||More information on this mission is available at this link: http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro   
+
||More information on this mission is available at this link:
 +
http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro   
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
||10:48
 
||10:48
−
||The Script is contributed by '''ITfC Bangaluru.'''
+
||The Script is contributed by '''ITfC, Bangaluru.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-

Revision as of 13:04, 24 February 2016

Time Narration
00:01 Hello everybody.
00:02 Welcome to this tutorial on Grammar of TurtleScript in KTurtle.
00:08 In this tutorial, we will learn about
00:11 grammar of Turtle script and 'if'-'else' condition.
00:16 To record this tutorial, I am using:
  • Ubuntu Linux OS version 12.04
  • KTurtle version 0.8.1 beta.
00:29 We assume that you have basic working knowledge of KTurtle.
00:35 If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website:

http://spoken-tutorial.org

00:40 Let's open a new KTurtle Application.
00:43 Click on Dash home.
00:45 In the Search bar, type: "kturtle".
00:49 Click on the KTurtle icon.
00:52 We can also open KTurtle using Terminal.
00:56 Press Ctrl+Alt+T keys simultaneously to open the Terminal.
01:01 Type kturtle and press Enter to open the 'KTurtle' Application.
01:08 Let's first look at TurtleScript.
01:11 TurtleScript is a programming language.
01:15 It has different types of words and symbols used for various purposes.
01:21 It instructs Turtle what to do.
01:25 Grammar of TurtleScript in KTurtle includes-
01:30 * Comments
01:31 * Commands
01:32 * Numbers
01:33 * Strings
01:34 * Variables and
01:36 * Boolean values.
01:38 Now, we will see where to store numbers.
01:42 Numbers can be stored in:
01:44 * Mathematical operators
01:46 * Comparison operators and
01:49 * Variables
01:50 I will zoom the program text for clear view.
01:54 First let's look at variables.
01:57 Variables are words that start with ‘$’ sign, for example $a.
02:04 Variables are highlighted in purple color.
02:09 Using the assignment equal to (=), a variable is given its contents.
02:14 Variables can contain- * numbers $a=100.
02:20 * strings $a=hello or
02:25 * boolean values that is true or false $a=true.
02:32 Variable keeps the contents until program finishes execution or until it is reassigned to something else.
02:41 For example, consider the code.
02:44 Let us type:$a = 2004
02:50 $b = 25
02:55 print $a + $b
03:01 Variable 'a' is assigned a value 2004.
03:06 Variable 'b' is assigned a value 25.
03:10 print command, commands Turtle to write something on the canvas.
03:15 print command takes numbers and strings as input.
03:19 print $a + $b commands Turtle to add two values and display them on the canvas.
03:29 Let's Run the code in slow speed.
03:34 Value 2029 is displayed on the canvas.
03.40 Let us next see the mathematical operators.
03:44 Mathematical operators include -
  • '+' (Addition)
  • '-' (Subtraction)
  • '*' (Multiplication) and
  • '/' (Division)
03:53 I will clear the current code from the editor and type "clear" command and Run to clean the canvas.
04:01 I already have a program in a text-editor.
04:05 I will explain the code now.
04:08 “reset” command sets Turtle to its default position.
04:12 canvassize 200,200 fixes the width and height of the canvas to 200 pixels each.
04:22 Value 1+1 is assigned to the variable $add.
04:26 Value 20-5 is assigned to the variable $subtract.
04:31 Value 15 * 2 is assigned to the variable $multiply.
04:36 30/30 is assigned to the variable $divide.
04:40 go 10,10 commands Turtle to go 10 pixels left of canvas and 10 pixels from top of canvas.
04:52 print command displays the variable on the canvas.
04:56 I will copy the code from text-editor and paste it into KTurtle editor.
05:03 Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.
05:08 Resume the tutorial after typing the program.
05:13 Let us click on Run button to run the program.
05:17 Command which is getting executed is highlighted on the editor.
05:22 Turtle displays the values on the canvas at the specified positions.
05:34 Let us consider a simple example for using comparison operator .
05:41 I will clear the current code from the editor. Type "clear" command and Run to clean the canvas.
05:49 I will zoom the program text to have a clear view.
05:53 Let's type:
05:55 $answer = 10 > 3
06:03 print $answer
06:09 Here, 10 is compared to 3 with the greater than operator.
06:14 The result of this comparison, the boolean value 'true', is stored in the
06:19 variable $answer and the value 'true' is displayed on the canvas.
06:27 Let's run the code now.
06:29 Turtle displays Boolean value 'true' on the canvas.
06:34 Now, let's see how Strings work in this application-
06:39 * Strings can be put in variables like numbers.
06:43 * Strings cannot be used in mathematical or comparison operators.
06:49 * Strings are highlighted in red color.
06:53 'KTurtle' identifies a line in double quotes as a string.
07:00 I will clear the current code from editor. Type "clear" command and Run to clean the canvas.
07:08 Now, I will explain about Boolean values.
07:11 There are only two boolean values: "true" and "false".
07:16 For example, let's type the code:
07:20 $answer = 7<5
07:28 print $answer.
07:34 The Boolean value 'false' is assigned to the variable $answer because 7 is greater than 5.
07:43 Let's Run the code now.
07:47 Turtle displays Boolean value "false" on the canvas.
07:51 Let's next learn about “if-else” conditon.
07:56 ‘if’ condition is executed only if the boolean value evaluates ‘true’.
08:03 ‘else’ condition is executed only if the ‘if’ condition is ‘false’.
08:09 I will clear the current code from editor. Type "clear" command and Run to clean the canvas.
08:17 I already have a code in a text file.
08:21 This code compares numbers 4 , 5 and 6 and displays the results accordingly on the canvas.
08:30 I will copy the code from text-editor and paste it into KTurtle editor.
08:36 Pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.
08:42 Resume the tutorial after typing the program.
08:46 Let's run the code now.
08:49 The Turtle has compared the values 4 and 5
08:53 and has displayed the result: "4 is smaller than 6" on the canvas.
09:00 With this we come to the end of this tutorial.
09:05 Let's summarize.
09:07 In this tutorial, we have learnt about:
09:11 * Grammar of Turtle script and
09:14 * ‘if-else’ condition.
09:17 Now, to the assignment part.
09:19 Solve an equation using:
09:22 if - else condition,
09:24 Mathematical and comparison operators.
09:27 Display the results using “print” and “go” commands.
09:33 To solve the assignment-
09:35 choose any four random numbers,
09:38 multiply two sets of random numbers,
09:42 compare the results using the comparison operators,
09:46 display both the results,
09:49 display greater result at the center of the canvas.
09:54 You can choose any equation which you like.
09:59 Watch the video available at this URL:

http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken-Tutorial

10:03 It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
10:06 If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
10:12 The Spoken Tutorial project team :
10:14 * Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials.
10:18 * Gives certificates to those who pass an online test.
10:22 For more details, please write to:

contact@spoken-tutorial.org

10:30 Spoken Tutorial project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project.
10:35 It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
10:43 More information on this mission is available at this link:

http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro

10:48 The Script is contributed by ITfC, Bangaluru.
10:52 This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay, signing off. Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Devraj, PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Sandhya.np14, Sneha

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