Difference between revisions of "BOSS-Linux/C2/Basics-of-System-Administration/English-timed"

|  Hello and welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Basics of System Administration''' in '''Linux'''.  

|  In this tutorial, we will learn the following-

|* '''adduser'''

|* '''su'''

|* '''usermod'''

|* '''userdel'''

|* '''id'''

|* '''du'''

|* '''df'''

|  I am using '''Linux''' for this tutorial.

|  As a prerequisite, please go through the spoken tutorial on '''General Purpose Utilities in Linux'''  which is available on this website.

|  One must have '''admin''' access in order to execute the '''command'''s shown.

|'''Sudo''' command allows the administrative user to execute a command as a '''super''' user.

|  Let's now learn how to create a '''New User'''.

|  Here, type the command: '''sudo space adduser''' and press Enter.

|  The typed password on the terminal is not visible.

|  So, we have to type the password carefully.

|  Once done, a message ''' "adduser : Only one or two names allowed"''' is displayed.

|  So, let us create a new user account named '''duck'''.

|  '''sudo space adduser space duck''' and press Enter.

|  We have created a new user called "duck".

|  In the process of creating a new user, a separate '''home''' directory for that user has also been created.  

|  Type the password of your choice, in my case I am going to type "duck" as the password and press Enter.

|  But for the time being, I will enter only the '''Full Name''' as "duck" and leave the rest of the details blank by pressing the Enter key.

|  To do this, please type at the command prompt:

|  To show the list of users in the '''home''' folder this command is used.

|  And, here is our newly created user named "duck".

|  Now the next command is the '''su''' command.

|  Enter the command: '''su space hyphen space duck''' on the '''terminal''' and press Enter.

|  I shall type the user '''duck''' password here, please recall that it was '''duck''' itself.

|  Please notice that, the Terminal switches from the previous user to the new user which is “duck” in our case.

|  Now the terminal logs out from the current user '''duck''' and comes back to the previous user account which is '''vinhai''' in our case.

|  The '''usermod''' command-

|  Enables a '''super''' user or '''root''' user to modify the settings of other user accounts such as:

|  Here at the command prompt, type:

|  '''id – command''' is used to check the identities of all the '''users''' and '''group'''s.

|  To know about the identity of the '''user''', we use '''id space -(hyphen)u'''.

|  To know about the identity of the '''group users''', it is '''id space -(hyphen)g'''.

|  Now let's work on this.

|  Now we can see the '''User IDs''' and '''Group IDs''' on the system that we are using.

|  To get only the user-id, we use “-u" (hyphen u) option.

|  Let us type the command: '''id space -(hyphen) u'''

|  Now we can see only the 'id's of the users.

|  To find that out, we will type:

|  ''' id space -(hyphen) n space -(hyphen) u''' on the terminal here and press Enter.

|  Now, we can see the names of the users instead of their 'id's.

|  Let us now learn the commands for '''Group IDs'''.

|  Let's type: ''' id space -(hyphen)g'''.

|  Here we can see the '''group ids'''.

|  If we want to view all the current user's group IDs, type:

|  Please notice that I have typed 'G' in capital letter.

|  Now, let us learn how to delete a user account.

|  For this, we use '''userdel''' command.

|  Let's try this on the '''terminal'''.

|  Here, type: '''sudo space userdel space -(hyphen)r space duck'''.

|  I have used the '-(hyphen)r' option.

|  This is to remove the user along with his '''home''' directory.

|  Check this by typing:

|  '''ls space /(slash)home''' and press Enter.

|  Some of the useful commands in '''Linux System Administration''' are “df” and “du”.

|  Let us shift to the terminal. I shall show you a few useful options used with the “df” command.

|  Please type: df space -(hyphen)h and press Enter.

|  Here, it shows the size of the '''File system''' and the space used.

|  It also shows the space mounted on, in a human readable format.

|  Let us now try some options with the “du” command.

|  At this point, I assume that you have created some text files in your '''home''' folder.

|  If not, please refer to the tutorial on '''General Purpose Utilities in Linux'''.

|  I have already created some text files in my '''home directory''' to execute the commands.

|  Go to '''home folder''' on the terminal by typing:

|  Then, type: '''du space -(hyphen)s space *. (asterisk dot) txt''' and press Enter.

|  This command will give you a report on the '''txt file'''s available in the directory along with its file sizes.

|  As an assignment, at the command prompt type:

|  '''du space -(hyphen)ch space *.(asterisk dot) txt''' and see what happens.

|  To summarize, we have learnt:

|* "adduser" command to create a new user.

|* “su” command to switch from one user to another user.

|* “usermod” command to change the user account settings.

|* “userdel” command to delete the user account.

|* "id" command to know the information about '''user ids''' and '''group ids'''.

|* “df” command to check the file system size and its availability.

|* “du” command to check the space occupied by a file.

|  This brings us to the end of this tutorial on “Basics of system administration”.

|  Summarizes the '''Spoken Tutorial''' project.  

|  Spoken Tutorial is a part of the “Talk to a Teacher” project, supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT (NMEICT), MHRD, Government of India.  

|  More information is available on this url.

|  The script for this tutorial  has been contributed by Praveen and this is Namita from IIT Bombay, signing off. Thank you for joining.