Difference between revisions of "Linux/C2/Simple-filters/English-timed"
From Script | Spoken-Tutorial
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!Narration | !Narration | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 00:00 |
| Hello and welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on Simple Filters with Linux. | | Hello and welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on Simple Filters with Linux. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | |00:08 |
| Here we will be learning about head, Tail, sort, cut and paste. | | Here we will be learning about head, Tail, sort, cut and paste. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 00:17 |
| All these are command line text manipulation tools. | | All these are command line text manipulation tools. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 00:22 |
| If you see a hash (#) symbol on the Terminal you need to become root to execute those commands | | If you see a hash (#) symbol on the Terminal you need to become root to execute those commands | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | |00:29 |
|'''sudo su''' or '''su root''', if you see a dollar symbol on the Terminal you can be an ordinary user to execute those commands. | |'''sudo su''' or '''su root''', if you see a dollar symbol on the Terminal you can be an ordinary user to execute those commands. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 00:38 |
| I assume that you did a default installation and did not modify any path where the files are getting saved. | | I assume that you did a default installation and did not modify any path where the files are getting saved. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 00:46 |
| I am using Ubuntu 10.10 for this tutorial. | | I am using Ubuntu 10.10 for this tutorial. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | |00:51 |
|Prerequisites for this module are the ability to use the mouse , keyboard, maximize and minimize buttons on a window. | |Prerequisites for this module are the ability to use the mouse , keyboard, maximize and minimize buttons on a window. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | |01:02 |
| We use the Head command followed by an ascii file name, to display the first 10 lines of a file by default. | | We use the Head command followed by an ascii file name, to display the first 10 lines of a file by default. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 01:10 |
| Let us create a file. I am hitting on ESC (escape) key to show this practically. | | Let us create a file. I am hitting on ESC (escape) key to show this practically. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 01:17 |
|Go to Applications > Accessories > Text Editor. | |Go to Applications > Accessories > Text Editor. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 01:24 |
|I already have these numbers in another file for the sake of time constrain . | |I already have these numbers in another file for the sake of time constrain . | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 01:30 |
|Let me copy and paste. | |Let me copy and paste. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 01:38 |
| Hit on File , Save. | | Hit on File , Save. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 01:41 |
|Name the file as numbers dot txt and hit on save . | |Name the file as numbers dot txt and hit on save . | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 01:48 |
|Close this file. | |Close this file. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 01:53 |
| Now go to Applications > Accessories > Terminal. | | Now go to Applications > Accessories > Terminal. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 02:01 |
| Let us try to see if we can see the file we created. | | Let us try to see if we can see the file we created. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 02:05 |
|Type ls and hit on enter. | |Type ls and hit on enter. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 02:09 |
|What we did here is to list all the folders and files on our home directory. | |What we did here is to list all the folders and files on our home directory. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 02:15 |
| Now we can use the cat command to read the contents of the file we created. | | Now we can use the cat command to read the contents of the file we created. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 02:21 |
| Cat n-u-m Hit on tab to autofill the file name. Hit on Enter. | | Cat n-u-m Hit on tab to autofill the file name. Hit on Enter. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 02:29 |
| Let us do the same with head command. | | Let us do the same with head command. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 02:33 |
| Head numbers dot txt enter | | Head numbers dot txt enter | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 02:39 |
| Now the first 10 lines are displayed. | | Now the first 10 lines are displayed. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 02:43 |
| If we want to see the first 5 lines, use the option ''' hyphen n5''' in between the head command and the file. | | If we want to see the first 5 lines, use the option ''' hyphen n5''' in between the head command and the file. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 02:52 |
| Hit on Up arrow, hyphen n5 and Enter. | | Hit on Up arrow, hyphen n5 and Enter. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 02:58 |
| Now the first 5 lines alone are displayed. | | Now the first 5 lines alone are displayed. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 03:02 |
|Let us switch back to the presentation | |Let us switch back to the presentation | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 03:08 |
|F5. | |F5. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 03:14 |
| The tail command works exactly opposite to the head command, it displays the last 10 lines of a file by default. | | The tail command works exactly opposite to the head command, it displays the last 10 lines of a file by default. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 03:22 |
| I am hitting on ALT and Tab to switch to the terminal. | | I am hitting on ALT and Tab to switch to the terminal. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 03:27 |
| tail numbers dot txt | | tail numbers dot txt | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 03:31 |
| If we want to see just the last 5 lines, use the option '''hyphen n5''' in between the tail command and the file name. | | If we want to see just the last 5 lines, use the option '''hyphen n5''' in between the tail command and the file name. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 03:40 |
| hyphen n5 Enter | | hyphen n5 Enter | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 03:45 |
| Switch to slides | | Switch to slides | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 03:50 |
| A log file contains events which took place in a system. | | A log file contains events which took place in a system. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 03:55 |
| Auth dot log file maintains log's for who logged in & who logged out. | | Auth dot log file maintains log's for who logged in & who logged out. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 04:01 |
| The most useful option of the tail command is to use '''hyphen f''' option to follow the tail of a log file. | | The most useful option of the tail command is to use '''hyphen f''' option to follow the tail of a log file. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 04:09 |
|If a new line is appended to the log file, the tail command will take that as the last line and display 10 lines by default above it. | |If a new line is appended to the log file, the tail command will take that as the last line and display 10 lines by default above it. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 04:18 |
| Go to the terminal | | Go to the terminal | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 04:21 |
|tail hyphen f forward slash var slash log slash auth dot log | |tail hyphen f forward slash var slash log slash auth dot log | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 04:31 |
| Let me resize this terminal | | Let me resize this terminal | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 04:39 |
| Let us open another Terminal , Application- > Accessories - > Terminal. | | Let us open another Terminal , Application- > Accessories - > Terminal. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 04:46 |
| Let me resize this terminal | | Let me resize this terminal | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 04:52 |
|so that I can show you in a single screen how tail follows the last line in a log file. | |so that I can show you in a single screen how tail follows the last line in a log file. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 05:00 |
| Try to su as yourself, hit on enter. | | Try to su as yourself, hit on enter. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 05:05 |
| Give in some wrong password hit on enter. | | Give in some wrong password hit on enter. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 05:08 |
| You will see that the terminal on which tail is running is appended with a new log. | | You will see that the terminal on which tail is running is appended with a new log. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 05:15 |
|The date & time specifies when the authentication failure took place. | |The date & time specifies when the authentication failure took place. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 05:23 |
| Type date hit on enter to verify the system date and time. | | Type date hit on enter to verify the system date and time. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 05:32 |
| Type Exit to close this terminal. | | Type Exit to close this terminal. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 05:36 |
| Hit CTRL C to close the running tail command & maximize the screen. | | Hit CTRL C to close the running tail command & maximize the screen. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 05:51 |
| We have seen only auth dot log file in the previous example. | | We have seen only auth dot log file in the previous example. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 05:57 |
|These are the commonly used log files in Linux. | |These are the commonly used log files in Linux. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 06:01 |
| A linux system administrator will look into these log files for more information to troubleshoot his machine if there is a problem. | | A linux system administrator will look into these log files for more information to troubleshoot his machine if there is a problem. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 06:12 |
| Sort command as the name suggest will sort a file for us in both ascending and descending order. | | Sort command as the name suggest will sort a file for us in both ascending and descending order. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 06:23 |
| sort numbers dot txt .This would sort our numbers dot txt file in ascending order. | | sort numbers dot txt .This would sort our numbers dot txt file in ascending order. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 06:31 |
| Notice something is strange in there, sort just looks at the first character to sort, so '''1'''0,'''1'''1&'''1'''2 appears before the number 2. | | Notice something is strange in there, sort just looks at the first character to sort, so '''1'''0,'''1'''1&'''1'''2 appears before the number 2. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 06:43 |
| To avoid this add the option of '''hyphen n''', hyphen n and Enter | | To avoid this add the option of '''hyphen n''', hyphen n and Enter | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 06:53 |
| Now sort looks at the entire number to sort them. | | Now sort looks at the entire number to sort them. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 06:58 |
| To sort number dot txt in reverse order add an option of '''hyphen r.''' | | To sort number dot txt in reverse order add an option of '''hyphen r.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 07:09 |
| We have numbers that repeat in this file, to pull out just the unique numbers add another option of '''hyphen u''' . | | We have numbers that repeat in this file, to pull out just the unique numbers add another option of '''hyphen u''' . | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 07:17 |
| Go to Terminal. | | Go to Terminal. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | |07:20 |
| Up Arrow | | Up Arrow | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 07:22 |
|'''U '''enter''', | |'''U '''enter''', | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 07:26 |
|'''Previously two 2's were displayed . Now only one 2 is displayed. | |'''Previously two 2's were displayed . Now only one 2 is displayed. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 07:38 |
| Now we will see how we can sort a file based on certain column. | | Now we will see how we can sort a file based on certain column. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 07:44 |
| Let us create a file and key in these as shown below. | | Let us create a file and key in these as shown below. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 07:48 |
|Go to Applications > Accessories > Text Editor. | |Go to Applications > Accessories > Text Editor. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 07:57 |
| I already have the data in another file for the sake of time constrain let me copy & Paste the value, CTRL+C; CTRL+V. | | I already have the data in another file for the sake of time constrain let me copy & Paste the value, CTRL+C; CTRL+V. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 08:11 |
| File, Save it as marks dot txt, Hit on Save. | | File, Save it as marks dot txt, Hit on Save. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 08:21 |
| Don't mind the special characters on this file I don't want someone to sue me for giving them low marks | | Don't mind the special characters on this file I don't want someone to sue me for giving them low marks | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 08:28 |
| Close this file. | | Close this file. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 08:33 |
| Let us sort based on the second column of marks dot txt file. | | Let us sort based on the second column of marks dot txt file. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 08:40 |
| Go to the terminal. | | Go to the terminal. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 08:42 |
|sort space marks dot txt space hyphen t space open inverted commas space close inverted commas space | |sort space marks dot txt space hyphen t space open inverted commas space close inverted commas space | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 08:53 |
|here hyphen t stands for the delimiter & the space in between the quotes represents it. | |here hyphen t stands for the delimiter & the space in between the quotes represents it. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 09:02 |
|hyphen k2 for the second column on which sort should be performed. | |hyphen k2 for the second column on which sort should be performed. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 09:14 |
|Hit on Enter. | |Hit on Enter. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 09:20 |
|Cat marks dot txt | |Cat marks dot txt | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 09:24 |
|This is the original file, if you see Avir is moved above and Bala came below when we sorted based on the second column alone. | |This is the original file, if you see Avir is moved above and Bala came below when we sorted based on the second column alone. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 09:43 |
|Cut command is used to cut just certain information from a file. | |Cut command is used to cut just certain information from a file. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 09:51 |
|Let us pull out the names from marks dot txt | |Let us pull out the names from marks dot txt | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 09:55 |
|Let us go to the terminal ALT Tab | |Let us go to the terminal ALT Tab | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | 09:58 |
|cut space marks dot txt space hyphen d space open inverted commas space close inverted commas space. | |cut space marks dot txt space hyphen d space open inverted commas space close inverted commas space. | ||
|- | |- | ||
Revision as of 17:11, 9 July 2014
| Time | Narration |
|---|---|
| 00:00 | Hello and welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on Simple Filters with Linux. |
| 00:08 | Here we will be learning about head, Tail, sort, cut and paste. |
| 00:17 | All these are command line text manipulation tools. |
| 00:22 | If you see a hash (#) symbol on the Terminal you need to become root to execute those commands |
| 00:29 | sudo su or su root, if you see a dollar symbol on the Terminal you can be an ordinary user to execute those commands. |
| 00:38 | I assume that you did a default installation and did not modify any path where the files are getting saved. |
| 00:46 | I am using Ubuntu 10.10 for this tutorial. |
| 00:51 | Prerequisites for this module are the ability to use the mouse , keyboard, maximize and minimize buttons on a window. |
| 01:02 | We use the Head command followed by an ascii file name, to display the first 10 lines of a file by default. |
| 01:10 | Let us create a file. I am hitting on ESC (escape) key to show this practically. |
| 01:17 | Go to Applications > Accessories > Text Editor. |
| 01:24 | I already have these numbers in another file for the sake of time constrain . |
| 01:30 | Let me copy and paste. |
| 01:38 | Hit on File , Save. |
| 01:41 | Name the file as numbers dot txt and hit on save . |
| 01:48 | Close this file. |
| 01:53 | Now go to Applications > Accessories > Terminal. |
| 02:01 | Let us try to see if we can see the file we created. |
| 02:05 | Type ls and hit on enter. |
| 02:09 | What we did here is to list all the folders and files on our home directory. |
| 02:15 | Now we can use the cat command to read the contents of the file we created. |
| 02:21 | Cat n-u-m Hit on tab to autofill the file name. Hit on Enter. |
| 02:29 | Let us do the same with head command. |
| 02:33 | Head numbers dot txt enter |
| 02:39 | Now the first 10 lines are displayed. |
| 02:43 | If we want to see the first 5 lines, use the option hyphen n5 in between the head command and the file. |
| 02:52 | Hit on Up arrow, hyphen n5 and Enter. |
| 02:58 | Now the first 5 lines alone are displayed. |
| 03:02 | Let us switch back to the presentation |
| 03:08 | F5. |
| 03:14 | The tail command works exactly opposite to the head command, it displays the last 10 lines of a file by default. |
| 03:22 | I am hitting on ALT and Tab to switch to the terminal. |
| 03:27 | tail numbers dot txt |
| 03:31 | If we want to see just the last 5 lines, use the option hyphen n5 in between the tail command and the file name. |
| 03:40 | hyphen n5 Enter |
| 03:45 | Switch to slides |
| 03:50 | A log file contains events which took place in a system. |
| 03:55 | Auth dot log file maintains log's for who logged in & who logged out. |
| 04:01 | The most useful option of the tail command is to use hyphen f option to follow the tail of a log file. |
| 04:09 | If a new line is appended to the log file, the tail command will take that as the last line and display 10 lines by default above it. |
| 04:18 | Go to the terminal |
| 04:21 | tail hyphen f forward slash var slash log slash auth dot log |
| 04:31 | Let me resize this terminal |
| 04:39 | Let us open another Terminal , Application- > Accessories - > Terminal. |
| 04:46 | Let me resize this terminal |
| 04:52 | so that I can show you in a single screen how tail follows the last line in a log file. |
| 05:00 | Try to su as yourself, hit on enter. |
| 05:05 | Give in some wrong password hit on enter. |
| 05:08 | You will see that the terminal on which tail is running is appended with a new log. |
| 05:15 | The date & time specifies when the authentication failure took place. |
| 05:23 | Type date hit on enter to verify the system date and time. |
| 05:32 | Type Exit to close this terminal. |
| 05:36 | Hit CTRL C to close the running tail command & maximize the screen. |
| 05:51 | We have seen only auth dot log file in the previous example. |
| 05:57 | These are the commonly used log files in Linux. |
| 06:01 | A linux system administrator will look into these log files for more information to troubleshoot his machine if there is a problem. |
| 06:12 | Sort command as the name suggest will sort a file for us in both ascending and descending order. |
| 06:23 | sort numbers dot txt .This would sort our numbers dot txt file in ascending order. |
| 06:31 | Notice something is strange in there, sort just looks at the first character to sort, so 10,11&12 appears before the number 2. |
| 06:43 | To avoid this add the option of hyphen n, hyphen n and Enter |
| 06:53 | Now sort looks at the entire number to sort them. |
| 06:58 | To sort number dot txt in reverse order add an option of hyphen r. |
| 07:09 | We have numbers that repeat in this file, to pull out just the unique numbers add another option of hyphen u . |
| 07:17 | Go to Terminal. |
| 07:20 | Up Arrow |
| 07:22 | U enter, |
| 07:26 | Previously two 2's were displayed . Now only one 2 is displayed. |
| 07:38 | Now we will see how we can sort a file based on certain column. |
| 07:44 | Let us create a file and key in these as shown below. |
| 07:48 | Go to Applications > Accessories > Text Editor. |
| 07:57 | I already have the data in another file for the sake of time constrain let me copy & Paste the value, CTRL+C; CTRL+V. |
| 08:11 | File, Save it as marks dot txt, Hit on Save. |
| 08:21 | Don't mind the special characters on this file I don't want someone to sue me for giving them low marks |
| 08:28 | Close this file. |
| 08:33 | Let us sort based on the second column of marks dot txt file. |
| 08:40 | Go to the terminal. |
| 08:42 | sort space marks dot txt space hyphen t space open inverted commas space close inverted commas space |
| 08:53 | here hyphen t stands for the delimiter & the space in between the quotes represents it. |
| 09:02 | hyphen k2 for the second column on which sort should be performed. |
| 09:14 | Hit on Enter. |
| 09:20 | Cat marks dot txt |
| 09:24 | This is the original file, if you see Avir is moved above and Bala came below when we sorted based on the second column alone. |
| 09:43 | Cut command is used to cut just certain information from a file. |
| 09:51 | Let us pull out the names from marks dot txt |
| 09:55 | Let us go to the terminal ALT Tab |
| 09:58 | cut space marks dot txt space hyphen d space open inverted commas space close inverted commas space. |
| 10:08 | here in cut command d is the delimiter & the space inbetween the quotes represents the delimiter. |
| 10:20 | hyphen f2 for the second column. Hit on enter. |
| 10:31 | Paste command will merge corresponding subsequent lines of the files. |
| 10:36 | Let us use both the numbers dot txt and marks dot txt file now. |
| 10:41 | Go to the terminal. |
| 10:43 | Paste numbers dot txt marks dot txt enter |
| 10:50 | Now the first line of marks dot txt was appended to the first line of numbers dot txt. |
| 10:57 | We can use the redirect key to redirect this output to some other file called concatefile dot txt. |
| 11:06 | Go to the terminal. |
| 11:08 | Hit Up arrow. Hit on the redirect key which is the Greater than symbol concatfile dot txt. Hit on Enter. |
| 11:18 | Cat concatfile dot txt |
| 11:22 | Let us go to the slide. |
| 11:25 | If we want paste to print out the numbers serially delimited with tab we can use the hyphen s option. |
| 11:34 | Paste hyphen s |
| 11:39 | numbers dot txt |
| 11:43 | Go to the slide. |
| 11:45 | Spoken Tutorial project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project, |
| 11:49 | Supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT,MHRD, Government of India. |
| 11:55 | For more information you can refer to the following link. |
| 11:59 | This script has been contributed by ----------------------(name of the translator) and this is -----------------------(name of the recorder) from --------------------------(name of the place)signing off. |
Contributors and Content Editors
Minal, PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Sandhya.np14, Vasudeva ahitanal
