Difference between revisions of "C-and-C++/C4/Working-With-Structures/English-timed"

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|Welcome to the spoken-tutorial on '''Structures''' in '''C and C++'''.  

|Welcome to the spoken-tutorial on '''Structures''' in '''C and C++'''.  

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|In this tutorial we will learn,   

|In this tutorial we will learn,   

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|What is a '''Structure. '''

|What is a '''Structure. '''

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|Declaration of a '''structure'''

|Declaration of a '''structure'''

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|We will do this through an example

|We will do this through an example

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| To record this tutorial, I am using,  

| To record this tutorial, I am using,  

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|'''Ubuntu Operating System ''' version '''11.04''',  

|'''Ubuntu Operating System ''' version '''11.04''',  

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| '''gcc '''and '''g++ Compiler''' version 4.6.1  

| '''gcc '''and '''g++ Compiler''' version 4.6.1  

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|Let us start with an introduction to '''Structure '''

|Let us start with an introduction to '''Structure '''

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|When one or more variables are grouped under one name it is known as '''structure.'''  

|When one or more variables are grouped under one name it is known as '''structure.'''  

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|Strucutre is used to group different data into one object.  

|Strucutre is used to group different data into one object.  

   

   

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|It is called as '''compound data-type.'''  

|It is called as '''compound data-type.'''  

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|It is used to group related information together.  

|It is used to group related information together.  

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|  Now we will see the syntax to declare a '''structure'''

|  Now we will see the syntax to declare a '''structure'''

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|Here the keyword '''struct''' tells the compiler that a structure is declared  

|Here the keyword '''struct''' tells the compiler that a structure is declared  

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|'''strcut_name''' is the name of the '''structure.'''  

|'''strcut_name''' is the name of the '''structure.'''  

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|eg. '''struct employee; '''

|eg. '''struct employee; '''

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|You can give any name.   

|You can give any name.   

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|Now we will see how to declare a '''structure variable. '''

|Now we will see how to declare a '''structure variable. '''

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|The syntax for this is  

|The syntax for this is  

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|'''struct struct_name and  struct_var; '''

|'''struct struct_name and  struct_var; '''

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|'''struct_var''' is the variable of type '''struc_name'''  

|'''struct_var''' is the variable of type '''struc_name'''  

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|example, '''struct employee addr; '''

|example, '''struct employee addr; '''

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|'''addr''' is the '''variable''' of type '''employee. '''

|'''addr''' is the '''variable''' of type '''employee. '''

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|Let us move on to our example  

|Let us move on to our example  

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|I have already typed the program on the editor so let me open it.

|I have already typed the program on the editor so let me open it.

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|Note that our filename is '''structure.c.'''

|Note that our filename is '''structure.c.'''

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|In this program we will calculate the total marks of three subjects using structure  

|In this program we will calculate the total marks of three subjects using structure  

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|Let me explain the code now.  

|Let me explain the code now.  

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|This is our header file.

|This is our header file.

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|Here we have declared a '''structure''' as '''student.'''   

|Here we have declared a '''structure''' as '''student.'''   

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| Then we have declared three integer variables as '''english, maths''' and '''science. '''  

| Then we have declared three integer variables as '''english, maths''' and '''science. '''  

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|Variables defined under the structure are called as members of the structure.  

|Variables defined under the structure are called as members of the structure.  

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|This is our main function .

|This is our main function .

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| Here we have declared an integer variable '''total. '''  

| Here we have declared an integer variable '''total. '''  

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| Now we have declared a structure variable '''stud, stud''' is the variable of type student,it is used to access and modify the structure members  

| Now we have declared a structure variable '''stud, stud''' is the variable of type student,it is used to access and modify the structure members  

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| Here we have modified the members   

| Here we have modified the members   

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|By assigning them values as 75, 70 and 65.  

|By assigning them values as 75, 70 and 65.  

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|Here we calculate the total of three subjects.  

|Here we calculate the total of three subjects.  

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|Then we print the result.  

|Then we print the result.  

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|This is our return statement.  

|This is our return statement.  

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|Now click on '''Save '''

|Now click on '''Save '''

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|Let us execute the program  

|Let us execute the program  

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|Please open the terminal window by pressing  

|Please open the terminal window by pressing  

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| '''Ctrl, Alt''' and '''T''' keys simultaneously on your keyboard.  

| '''Ctrl, Alt''' and '''T''' keys simultaneously on your keyboard.  

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| To compile type '''gcc space structure.c space hyphen o space struct''' and press''' Enter'''  

| To compile type '''gcc space structure.c space hyphen o space struct''' and press''' Enter'''  

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|To execute type (dot slash)'''./struct.''' Press Enter  

|To execute type (dot slash)'''./struct.''' Press Enter  

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|The output is displayed as:  

|The output is displayed as:  

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|Total is 210  

|Total is 210  

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|Now we will execute the same program in C++  

|Now we will execute the same program in C++  

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|Come back to our program.  

|Come back to our program.  

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|I will edit the same code  

|I will edit the same code  

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|First press '''shift, Ctrl and  S''' keys simultaneously on the keyboard  

|First press '''shift, Ctrl and  S''' keys simultaneously on the keyboard  

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|Now save the file with an extension '''.cpp '''

|Now save the file with an extension '''.cpp '''

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| and click on save  

| and click on save  

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| Lets change the header file as '''iostream'''

| Lets change the header file as '''iostream'''

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|Now include the '''using''' statement  

|Now include the '''using''' statement  

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|and click on '''save'''

|and click on '''save'''

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|Structure declaration in '''C++''' is same as in '''C'''

|Structure declaration in '''C++''' is same as in '''C'''

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|So no need to change anything here  

|So no need to change anything here  

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|At the end we will replace the printf statement with the cout  statement.  

|At the end we will replace the printf statement with the cout  statement.  

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|Delete the format specifier and (backslash) \n

|Delete the format specifier and (backslash) \n

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|Now delete the comma

|Now delete the comma

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|Type two opening angle brackets.  

|Type two opening angle brackets.  

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|Here delete the closing bracket  

|Here delete the closing bracket  

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|and type two opening angle brackets  

|and type two opening angle brackets  

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|And within the double quotes type \n

|And within the double quotes type \n

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|Now click on '''Save'''

|Now click on '''Save'''

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|Let us execute the program  

|Let us execute the program  

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|Come back to our terminal  

|Come back to our terminal  

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|To compile type '''g++ space structure.cpp space hyphen o space struct1 '''

|To compile type '''g++ space structure.cpp space hyphen o space struct1 '''

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| Here we have struct1 because we dont want to overwrite the output parameters struct for the file '''structure.c '''

| Here we have struct1 because we dont want to overwrite the output parameters struct for the file '''structure.c '''

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|Now press Enter  

|Now press Enter  

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|To execute type (dot slash) '''./struct1''' Press '''Enter'''  

|To execute type (dot slash) '''./struct1''' Press '''Enter'''  

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|The output is displayed as:  

|The output is displayed as:  

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|'''Total is 210'''

|'''Total is 210'''

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|You can see that the output is same as our C code  

|You can see that the output is same as our C code  

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|Now let us go back to our slides.  

|Now let us go back to our slides.  

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|We will summarize now. In this tutorial we learned,  

|We will summarize now. In this tutorial we learned,  

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|Structure.  

|Structure.  

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|Syntax of a structure.  

|Syntax of a structure.  

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|eg. '''struct struct_name; '''

|eg. '''struct struct_name; '''

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|To access members of a structure.  

|To access members of a structure.  

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|Eg: '''stud.maths = 75; '''

|Eg: '''stud.maths = 75; '''

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|And to add the structure variables.  

|And to add the structure variables.  

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|Eg: '''total = stud.english+ stud.maths + stud.science; '''

|Eg: '''total = stud.english+ stud.maths + stud.science; '''

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|As an assignment,  

|As an assignment,  

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|Write a program to diplay  records of an employee.  

|Write a program to diplay  records of an employee.  

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|Like name, address, designation, and salary.  

|Like name, address, designation, and salary.  

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|-

|Watch the video available at the link shown below

|Watch the video available at the link shown below

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|-

|It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project  

|It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project  

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|-

|If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it  

|If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it  

|-

|-

|The Spoken Tutorial Project Team  

|The Spoken Tutorial Project Team  

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|-

|Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials  

|Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials  

|-

|-

|Gives certificates to those who pass an online test  

|Gives certificates to those who pass an online test  

|-

|-

|For more details, please write to, contact@spoken-tutorial.org  

|For more details, please write to, contact@spoken-tutorial.org  

|-

|-

|Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project  

|Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project  

|-

|-

|It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India

|It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India

|-

|-

|More information on this Mission is available at the link shown below

|More information on this Mission is available at the link shown below

|-

|-

| This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay signing off  

| This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay signing off  

|-

|-

|Thank You for watching.

|Thank You for watching.