Difference between revisions of "Scilab/C4/Solving-Non-linear-Equations/English-timed"
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PoojaMoolya (Talk | contribs) (Created page with '{| Border=1 || Time || Narration |- | 00.01 |Dear Friends, |- | 00.02 |Welcome to the spoken tutorial on ''' “Solving Nonlinear Equations using Numerical Methods” ''' …') |
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{| Border=1 | {| Border=1 | ||
− | | | + | | '''Time''' |
− | + | |'''Narration''' | |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:01 |
|Dear Friends, | |Dear Friends, | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:02 |
|Welcome to the spoken tutorial on ''' “Solving Nonlinear Equations using Numerical Methods” ''' | |Welcome to the spoken tutorial on ''' “Solving Nonlinear Equations using Numerical Methods” ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:10. |
| At the end of this tutorial, you will learn how to: | | At the end of this tutorial, you will learn how to: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:13 |
|Solve '''nonlinear equations''' using numerical methods | |Solve '''nonlinear equations''' using numerical methods | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:18 |
|The methods we will be studying are | |The methods we will be studying are | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:20 |
|'''Bisection method and ''' | |'''Bisection method and ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:22 |
|'''Secant method''' | |'''Secant method''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:23 |
|We will also develop '''Scilab''' code to solve '''nonlinear equations.''' | |We will also develop '''Scilab''' code to solve '''nonlinear equations.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:30 |
| To record this tutorial, I am using | | To record this tutorial, I am using | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:32 |
| '''Ubuntu 12.04 '''as the operating system and | | '''Ubuntu 12.04 '''as the operating system and | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:36 |
|'''Scilab 5.3.3''' version | |'''Scilab 5.3.3''' version | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:40 |
| Before practising this tutorial, a learner should have | | Before practising this tutorial, a learner should have | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:43 |
| basic knowledge of '''Scilab''' and | | basic knowledge of '''Scilab''' and | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:46 |
| '''nonlinear equations''' | | '''nonlinear equations''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:48 |
| For '''Scilab''', please refer to the '''Scilab''' tutorials available on the '''Spoken Tutorial''' website. | | For '''Scilab''', please refer to the '''Scilab''' tutorials available on the '''Spoken Tutorial''' website. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:55 |
|For a given '''function f''', we have to find the value of '''x''' for which '''f of x''' is equal to zero. | |For a given '''function f''', we have to find the value of '''x''' for which '''f of x''' is equal to zero. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:04 |
|This solution '''x''' is called '''root of equation ''' or ''' zero of function f.''' | |This solution '''x''' is called '''root of equation ''' or ''' zero of function f.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:11 |
| This process is called ''' root finding''' or '''zero finding.''' | | This process is called ''' root finding''' or '''zero finding.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:16 |
|We begin by studying '''Bisection Method. ''' | |We begin by studying '''Bisection Method. ''' | ||
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− | |01 | + | |01:20 |
|In '''bisection method''' we calculate the '''initial bracket''' of the '''root.''' | |In '''bisection method''' we calculate the '''initial bracket''' of the '''root.''' | ||
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− | |01 | + | |01:25 |
|Then we iterate through the '''bracket''' and halve its length. | |Then we iterate through the '''bracket''' and halve its length. | ||
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− | | 01 | + | | 01:31 |
|We repeat this process until we find the solution of the equation. | |We repeat this process until we find the solution of the equation. | ||
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− | | 01 | + | | 01:36 |
||Let us solve this function using '''Bisection method.''' | ||Let us solve this function using '''Bisection method.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | | 01:41 |
|| Given | || Given | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:42 |
|| '''function f equal to two sin x minus e to the power of x divided by four minus one in the interval minus five and minus three''' | || '''function f equal to two sin x minus e to the power of x divided by four minus one in the interval minus five and minus three''' | ||
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− | |01 | + | |01:54 |
| '''Open Bisection dot sci on Scilab editor. ''' | | '''Open Bisection dot sci on Scilab editor. ''' | ||
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− | |02 | + | |02:00 |
| Let us look at the code for '''Bisection method.''' | | Let us look at the code for '''Bisection method.''' | ||
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− | |02 | + | |02:03 |
|We define the function '''Bisection''' with input arguments '''a b f''' and '''tol.''' | |We define the function '''Bisection''' with input arguments '''a b f''' and '''tol.''' | ||
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− | |02 | + | |02:10 |
|| Here '''a''' is the lower limit of the '''interval''' | || Here '''a''' is the lower limit of the '''interval''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:14 |
|'''b''' is the upper limit of the '''interval''' | |'''b''' is the upper limit of the '''interval''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:16 |
||'''f''' is the function to be solved | ||'''f''' is the function to be solved | ||
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− | | 02 | + | | 02:19 |
||and '''tol''' is the '''tolerance level''' | ||and '''tol''' is the '''tolerance level''' | ||
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− | |02 | + | |02:22 |
|| We specify the maximum number of iterations to be equal to hundred. | || We specify the maximum number of iterations to be equal to hundred. | ||
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− | |02 | + | |02:28 |
| We find the '''midpoint of the interval''' and iterate till the value calculated is within the specified '''tolerance range.''' | | We find the '''midpoint of the interval''' and iterate till the value calculated is within the specified '''tolerance range.''' | ||
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− | |02 | + | |02:37 |
| Let us solve the problem using this code. | | Let us solve the problem using this code. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
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|| Save and execute the file. | || Save and execute the file. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:43 |
| Switch to '''Scilab console''' | | Switch to '''Scilab console''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:47 |
| Let us define the '''interval.''' | | Let us define the '''interval.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:50 |
| Let '''a''' be equal to minus five. | | Let '''a''' be equal to minus five. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:52 |
| Press '''Enter.''' | | Press '''Enter.''' | ||
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− | | 02 | + | | 02:54 |
|Let '''b''' be equal to minus three. | |Let '''b''' be equal to minus three. | ||
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− | | 02 | + | | 02:56 |
| Press '''Enter. ''' | | Press '''Enter. ''' | ||
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− | | 02 | + | | 02:58 |
|Define the function using '''deff function.''' | |Define the function using '''deff function.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |03 | + | |03:01 |
| We type | | We type | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:02 |
| '''deff open paranthesis open single quote open square bracket y close square bracket equal to f of x close single quote comma open single quote y equal to two asterisk sin of x minus open paranthesis open paranthesis percentage e to the power of x close paranthesis divided by four close paranthesis minus one close single quote close paranthesis''' | | '''deff open paranthesis open single quote open square bracket y close square bracket equal to f of x close single quote comma open single quote y equal to two asterisk sin of x minus open paranthesis open paranthesis percentage e to the power of x close paranthesis divided by four close paranthesis minus one close single quote close paranthesis''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:41 |
|To know more about '''deff function''' type '''help deff''' | |To know more about '''deff function''' type '''help deff''' | ||
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− | | 03 | + | | 03:46 |
|| Press '''Enter.''' | || Press '''Enter.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |03 | + | |03:48 |
||Let '''tol''' be equal to 10 to the power of minus five. | ||Let '''tol''' be equal to 10 to the power of minus five. | ||
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− | |03 | + | |03:53 |
||Press '''Enter.''' | ||Press '''Enter.''' | ||
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| To solve the problem, type | | To solve the problem, type | ||
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− | | 03 | + | | 03:58 |
| '''Bisection open paranthesis a comma b comma f comma tol close paranthesis''' | | '''Bisection open paranthesis a comma b comma f comma tol close paranthesis''' | ||
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| Press '''Enter.''' | | Press '''Enter.''' | ||
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| The root of the function is shown on the console. | | The root of the function is shown on the console. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
− | |04 | + | |04:14 |
||Let us study '''Secant's method.''' | ||Let us study '''Secant's method.''' | ||
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− | |04 | + | |04:17 |
| In '''Secant's method,''' the derivative is approximated by finite difference using two successive iteration values. | | In '''Secant's method,''' the derivative is approximated by finite difference using two successive iteration values. | ||
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| Let us solve this example using '''Secant method. ''' | | Let us solve this example using '''Secant method. ''' | ||
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− | | 04 | + | | 04:30 |
|The function is '''f equal to x square minus six. ''' | |The function is '''f equal to x square minus six. ''' | ||
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− | | 04 | + | | 04:36 |
| The two '''starting guesses''' are , '''p zero''' equal to two and '''p one''' equal to three. | | The two '''starting guesses''' are , '''p zero''' equal to two and '''p one''' equal to three. | ||
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− | | 04 | + | | 04:44 |
| Before we solve the problem, let us look at the code for '''Secant method. ''' | | Before we solve the problem, let us look at the code for '''Secant method. ''' | ||
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||Open '''Secant dot sci''' on '''Scilab editor.''' | ||Open '''Secant dot sci''' on '''Scilab editor.''' | ||
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− | | 04 | + | | 04:54 |
||We define the function '''secant''' with input arguments '''a, b and f.''' | ||We define the function '''secant''' with input arguments '''a, b and f.''' | ||
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||'''a''' is first starting guess for the root | ||'''a''' is first starting guess for the root | ||
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|'''b''' is the second starting guess and | |'''b''' is the second starting guess and | ||
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− | | 05 | + | | 05:07 |
|'''f''' is the function to be solved. | |'''f''' is the function to be solved. | ||
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|We find the difference between the value at the current point and the previous point. | |We find the difference between the value at the current point and the previous point. | ||
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| We apply '''Secant's method ''' and find the value of the root. | | We apply '''Secant's method ''' and find the value of the root. | ||
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| Finally we end the function. | | Finally we end the function. | ||
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− | |05 | + | |05:24 |
|| Let me save and execute the code. | || Let me save and execute the code. | ||
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| Switch to '''Scilab console.''' | | Switch to '''Scilab console.''' | ||
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|Type '''clc. ''' | |Type '''clc. ''' | ||
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| Press '''Enter''' | | Press '''Enter''' | ||
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|Let me define the initial guesses for this example. | |Let me define the initial guesses for this example. | ||
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| Type '''a''' equal to 2 | | Type '''a''' equal to 2 | ||
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| Press '''Enter. ''' | | Press '''Enter. ''' | ||
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| Then type '''b''' equal to 3 | | Then type '''b''' equal to 3 | ||
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| Press ''' Enter.''' | | Press ''' Enter.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:46 |
|We define the function using '''deff function. ''' | |We define the function using '''deff function. ''' | ||
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− | | 05 | + | | 05:49 |
| Type '''deff open paranthesis open single quote open square bracket y close square bracket equal to g of x close single quote comma open single quote y equal to open paranthesis x to the power of two close paranthesis minus six close single quote close paranthesis ''' | | Type '''deff open paranthesis open single quote open square bracket y close square bracket equal to g of x close single quote comma open single quote y equal to open paranthesis x to the power of two close paranthesis minus six close single quote close paranthesis ''' | ||
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| Press '''Enter''' | | Press '''Enter''' | ||
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| We call the function by typing | | We call the function by typing | ||
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| '''Secant open paranthesis a comma b comma g close paranthesis.''' | | '''Secant open paranthesis a comma b comma g close paranthesis.''' | ||
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| Press '''Enter''' | | Press '''Enter''' | ||
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| The value of the root is shown on the '''console''' | | The value of the root is shown on the '''console''' | ||
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| Let us summarize this tutorial. | | Let us summarize this tutorial. | ||
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| In this tutorial we have learnt to: | | In this tutorial we have learnt to: | ||
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|- | |- | ||
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|Develop '''Scilab''' code for different solving methods | |Develop '''Scilab''' code for different solving methods | ||
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|- | |- | ||
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|Find the roots of '''nonlinear equation ''' | |Find the roots of '''nonlinear equation ''' | ||
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|- | |- | ||
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|Solve this problem on your own using the two methods we learnt today. | |Solve this problem on your own using the two methods we learnt today. | ||
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| Watch the video available at the link shown below | | Watch the video available at the link shown below | ||
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| It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project | | It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project | ||
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||If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it | ||If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it | ||
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||The spoken tutorial project Team | ||The spoken tutorial project Team | ||
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||Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials | ||Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials | ||
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||Gives certificates to those who pass an online test | ||Gives certificates to those who pass an online test | ||
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||For more details, please write to conatct@spoken-tutorial.org | ||For more details, please write to conatct@spoken-tutorial.org | ||
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|Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project | |Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project | ||
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| It is supported by the National Mission on Eduction through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. | | It is supported by the National Mission on Eduction through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|More information on this mission is available at http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro | |More information on this mission is available at http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro | ||
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|This is Ashwini Patil signing off. | |This is Ashwini Patil signing off. | ||
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| Thank you for joining. | | Thank you for joining. |
Revision as of 17:47, 10 July 2014
Time | Narration |
00:01 | Dear Friends, |
00:02 | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on “Solving Nonlinear Equations using Numerical Methods”
|
00:10. | At the end of this tutorial, you will learn how to: |
00:13 | Solve nonlinear equations using numerical methods |
00:18 | The methods we will be studying are
|
00:20 | Bisection method and |
00:22 | Secant method
|
00:23 | We will also develop Scilab code to solve nonlinear equations. |
00:30 | To record this tutorial, I am using |
00:32 | Ubuntu 12.04 as the operating system and |
00:36 | Scilab 5.3.3 version |
00:40 | Before practising this tutorial, a learner should have |
00:43 | basic knowledge of Scilab and |
00:46 | nonlinear equations |
00:48 | For Scilab, please refer to the Scilab tutorials available on the Spoken Tutorial website. |
00:55 | For a given function f, we have to find the value of x for which f of x is equal to zero. |
01:04 | This solution x is called root of equation or zero of function f. |
01:11 | This process is called root finding or zero finding.
|
01:16 | We begin by studying Bisection Method.
|
01:20 | In bisection method we calculate the initial bracket of the root. |
01:25 | Then we iterate through the bracket and halve its length. |
01:31 | We repeat this process until we find the solution of the equation. |
01:36 | Let us solve this function using Bisection method. |
01:41 | Given |
01:42 | function f equal to two sin x minus e to the power of x divided by four minus one in the interval minus five and minus three |
01:54 | Open Bisection dot sci on Scilab editor.
|
02:00 | Let us look at the code for Bisection method.
|
02:03 | We define the function Bisection with input arguments a b f and tol. |
02:10 | Here a is the lower limit of the interval |
02:14 | b is the upper limit of the interval
|
02:16 | f is the function to be solved
|
02:19 | and tol is the tolerance level |
02:22 | We specify the maximum number of iterations to be equal to hundred. |
02:28 | We find the midpoint of the interval and iterate till the value calculated is within the specified tolerance range. |
02:37 | Let us solve the problem using this code. |
02:40 | Save and execute the file. |
02:43 | Switch to Scilab console |
02:47 | Let us define the interval. |
02:50 | Let a be equal to minus five. |
02:52 | Press Enter. |
02:54 | Let b be equal to minus three.
|
02:56 | Press Enter.
|
02:58 | Define the function using deff function. |
03:01 | We type |
03:02 | deff open paranthesis open single quote open square bracket y close square bracket equal to f of x close single quote comma open single quote y equal to two asterisk sin of x minus open paranthesis open paranthesis percentage e to the power of x close paranthesis divided by four close paranthesis minus one close single quote close paranthesis |
03:41 | To know more about deff function type help deff
|
03:46 | Press Enter. |
03:48 | Let tol be equal to 10 to the power of minus five.
|
03:53 | Press Enter.
|
03:56 | To solve the problem, type
|
03:58 | Bisection open paranthesis a comma b comma f comma tol close paranthesis
|
04:07 | Press Enter.
|
04:09 | The root of the function is shown on the console.
|
04:14 | Let us study Secant's method.
|
04:17 | In Secant's method, the derivative is approximated by finite difference using two successive iteration values.
|
04:27 | Let us solve this example using Secant method.
|
04:30 | The function is f equal to x square minus six.
|
04:36 | The two starting guesses are , p zero equal to two and p one equal to three.
|
04:44 | Before we solve the problem, let us look at the code for Secant method.
|
04:50 | Open Secant dot sci on Scilab editor.
|
04:54 | We define the function secant with input arguments a, b and f. |
05:01 | a is first starting guess for the root |
05:04 | b is the second starting guess and
|
05:07 | f is the function to be solved.
|
05:10 | We find the difference between the value at the current point and the previous point.
|
05:15 | We apply Secant's method and find the value of the root.
|
05:21 | Finally we end the function.
|
05:24 | Let me save and execute the code.
|
05:27 | Switch to Scilab console. |
05:30 | Type clc. |
05:32 | Press Enter
|
05:34 | Let me define the initial guesses for this example. |
05:38 | Type a equal to 2
|
05:40 | Press Enter.
|
05:42 | Then type b equal to 3
|
05:44 | Press Enter. |
05:46 | We define the function using deff function. |
05:49 | Type deff open paranthesis open single quote open square bracket y close square bracket equal to g of x close single quote comma open single quote y equal to open paranthesis x to the power of two close paranthesis minus six close single quote close paranthesis
|
06:15 | Press Enter |
06:18 | We call the function by typing |
06:20 | Secant open paranthesis a comma b comma g close paranthesis. |
06:27 | Press Enter
|
06:30 | The value of the root is shown on the console |
06:35 | Let us summarize this tutorial. |
06:38 | In this tutorial we have learnt to: |
06:41 | Develop Scilab code for different solving methods |
06:45 | Find the roots of nonlinear equation |
06:48 | Solve this problem on your own using the two methods we learnt today.
|
06:55 | Watch the video available at the link shown below |
06:58 | It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project
|
07:01 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it |
07:05 | The spoken tutorial project Team |
07:07 | Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials
|
07:10 | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test
|
07:14 | For more details, please write to conatct@spoken-tutorial.org
|
07:21 | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project
|
07:24 | It is supported by the National Mission on Eduction through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
07:32 | More information on this mission is available at http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro |
07:39 | This is Ashwini Patil signing off. |
07:41 | Thank you for joining. |