Difference between revisions of "Python-Django/C2/Creating-Views-and-Designing-URLs/English"

• Create a Django view
• Create a URL routing scheme

• Ubuntu Linux 16.04 OS
• Python 3.5
• Python 3.4-venv or higher
• gedit Text Editor and
• Firefox web browser

• How to create models in Django
• If not, then please go through the pre-requisite tutorials in this series.

• A view is a code that accepts a request
• It processes the request and sends back a response

Press CTRl+ALT+T simultaneously

cd my-django [Enter]

Type source myapp_env/bin/activate

and press Enter

Type source <space> myapp underscore env slash bin slash activate

And press Enter.

cd mysite and Press Enter

cd <space> mysite and press Enter.

Type gedit blog/views.py & [Enter]

Type gedit <space> blog slash views dot py <space> ampersand

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from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.

Let us understand the written code later, because we will use render later.

from django.http import HttpResponse

def index(request):

return HttpResponse("Hello World")

Type the code as shown here.

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def index(request):

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def index(request):

Here I have named the parameter as request.

from django.http import HttpResponse

Highlight HttpResponse

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from django.http import HttpResponse

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return HttpResponse("Hello World")

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from django.http import HttpResponse

def index(request):

return HttpResponse("Hello World")

Type gedit blog/urls.py & and press Enter

For this we need a URL configuration.

Create a file called urls dot py in blog app directory

Type gedit <space> blog slash urls dot py <space> ampersand

from django.urls import path

from . import views

urlpatterns = [

path('index/', views.index, name='index'),

]

Let us add our first URL pattern as shown here.

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urlpatterns = [

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from django.urls import path

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path

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path('index/', views.index, name='index'),

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path('index/', views.index, name='index'),

Here index slash is the route argument.

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path('index/ ', views.index, name='index')

Here, the path routes the view function index to the URL mentioned.

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path('index/', views.index, name='index'),

It is used to perform URL reversing.

We shall understand this in later tutorials.

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from . import views

It will hold all the URLs related to our blog application.

Type ls mysite [Enter]

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urls.py

We need to include app’s URLs in the mysite’s URL that is the root URL.

Type gedit mysite/urls.py & and press Enter

Let us open the url.py file located under mysite folder.

Type gedit <space> mysite slash urls dot py <space> ampersand

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from django.urls import path

Note that, it already imported the django.urls.path module.

Type path('blogs/', include('blog.urls', namespace='blogs'))

In the urlpatterns list value, type as shown.

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path('blogs/', include('blog.urls', namespace=’blog’)),

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path('blogs/', include('blog.urls', namespace='blog')),

In our case it is the blog apps URL.

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from django.urls import path, include

So in the line from django.urls import path add

comma space include

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path('blogs/', include('blog.urls', namespace='blog')),

Type app_name = 'blog'

Type the code as shown here.

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app_name = 'blog'

. Save the file and switch back to Terminal.

Run the server

Type python manage.py runserver and press Enter

Type python <space> manage dot py <space> runserver

localhost:8000/blogs/index

localhost:8000/blogs/index

Output:

“Hello World”

Now, switch back to views dot py file in the text editor.

def get_blogs(request): blogs = Blog.objects.all()

return HttpResponse(blogs)

Type the code as shown here.

Type

from .models import Blog

So next to the line importing HttpResponse, type the code as shown here-

from dot models import Blog

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def get_blogs(request):

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blogs = Blog.objects.all()

We will learn about this in detail in the upcoming tutorials.

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return HttpResponse(blogs)

Switch to blog/urls.py editor from blog/views.py

For that, switch to the blog app’s url.py file in the text editor.

path('get_blogs/',views.get_blogs, name='get_blogs'),

Insert the path for get underscore blogs in the URL pattern list.

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path('get_blogs/',views.get_blogs, name=’get_blogs')

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name='get_blogs'

Save the file.

localhost:8000/blogs/get_blogs

And press Enter.

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Blog object(1)

• All web systems follows the Client Server model
• A server responds to all the requests sent by the client
• Information contained in this request are stored in the database on the server side

response = 'Blogs:'for blog in blogs: response += '
{0}'.format(blog) return HttpResponse(response)

Let us modify our view to display an individual blog .

Modify the function get_blogs as shown.

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response = 'Blogs:'

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for blog in blogs:

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response += '
{0}'.format(blog)

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'{0}'.format(blog)

This argument is formatted into a string in the placeholder defined by a pair of curly braces.

Here, we pass blog as value to the placeholder.

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+=

Here, blog values are assigned to response.

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return HttpResponse(response)

Save the file.

Press ctrl+r

So, reload the web page to update the changes.

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Blogs: Blog object(1)

articles = Article.objects.filter(blog=blog)response += ','.join([article.title for article in articles])

Before the get underscore blogs return statement, type the code as shown here.

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articles = Article.objects.filter(blog=blog)

Query has the general form of “object = Model.objects.get(id=id)”

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response += ','.join([article.title for article in articles])

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from .models import Blog, Article

So in the line from dot models import Blog add

comma Article.

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return HttpResponse(response)

Save the file

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Blogs: Blog object(1) My Article

Now we can see the My Article object which we have created in the previous tutorial.

Press Ctrl+C keys

Switch to the terminal and press Ctrl and C keys to stop the server.

Type deactivate [Enter]

Let us summarize.

• Create a Django view
• Create a URL routing scheme

• Create a view count_blogs for displaying the number of blogs.

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The video has been recorded by Praveen from Spoken Tutorial Project, IIT Bombay.

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