Difference between revisions of "PhET/C2/Energy-forms-and-changes/English-timed"

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|-  
 
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|| 04:56
 
|| 04:56
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|| Observe that energy from heat is transferred to Iron block in the form of chunks.  
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|| Observe that energy from heat is transferred to '''Iron''' block in the form of chunks.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 05:03
 
|| 05:03
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|| Here, internal energy of Iron block increases.  
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|| Here, internal energy of '''Iron''' block increases.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 05:08
 
|| 05:08
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|| This is due to the flow of heat from the heat source to Iron block.  
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|| This is due to the flow of heat from the heat source to '''Iron''' block.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
||05:13
 
||05:13
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|| Observe that some chunks from Iron block escape into the atmosphere.  
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|| Observe that some chunks from '''Iron''' block escape into the atmosphere.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 05:19
 
|| 05:19
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|| This results in decrease in the temperature of Iron block.  
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|| This results in decrease in the temperature of '''Iron''' block.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 05:25
 
|| 05:25
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|| Again heat the Iron block to maximum temperature.  
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|| Again heat the '''Iron''' block to maximum temperature.  
  
 
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|| 05:39
 
|| 05:39
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|| This results in, decrease in the temperature of '''Iron''' Block.  
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|| This results in decrease in the temperature of '''Iron''' Block.  
  
 
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|-  
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|| 06:03
 
|| 06:03
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|| Now again place the '''Iron''' block on the heat regulator.  
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|| Now, again place the '''Iron''' block on the heat regulator.  
  
 
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|-  
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|-  
 
|| 07:05
 
|| 07:05
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|| As an assignment,
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|| As an assignment:
  
 
Heat '''Iron''' block and '''Brick''' block at the same time.  
 
Heat '''Iron''' block and '''Brick''' block at the same time.  
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|| 07:31
 
|| 07:31
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|| This screen gives an idea about conservation of energy from everyday life.  
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|| This '''screen''' gives an idea about conservation of energy from everyday life.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 07:38
 
|| 07:38
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|| Screen at the bottom has a set of- Energy sources  
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|| Screen at the bottom has a set of- energy sources,
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 07:43
 
|| 07:43
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|| Electrical energy generation systems and Receivers.  
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|| electrical energy generation systems and receivers.  
  
 
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|-  
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|| 07:56
 
|| 07:56
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|| By default screen has a set up of- Faucet as energy source,  
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|| By default, screen has a set up of- Faucet as energy source,  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 08:02
 
|| 08:02
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|| Turbine as electrical energy generation system and  '''Water''' container with thermometer as a receiver.  
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|| turbine as electrical energy generation system and  '''Water''' container with thermometer as a receiver.  
  
 
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|-  
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|| 08:34
 
|| 08:34
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|| This mechanical energy turns the turbine which creates Electrical energy.  
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|| This mechanical energy turns the turbine which creates electrical energy.  
  
 
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|-  
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|| 08:45
 
|| 08:45
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|| As the temperature increases water evaporates and vapours are observed.  
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|| As the temperature increases, water evaporates and vapors are observed.  
  
 
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|-  
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|-  
 
|| 08:56
 
|| 08:56
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|| Here energy is conserved as total energy of the system remains constant.  
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|| Here, energy is conserved as total energy of the system remains constant.  
  
 
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|| 09:14
 
|| 09:14
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|| Now instead of '''Water''' container, select incandescent bulb.  
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|| Now, instead of '''Water''' container, select incandescent bulb.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 09:20
 
|| 09:20
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|| In this system, initially their is no cloud.  
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|| In this system, initially there is no cloud.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 09:24
 
|| 09:24
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|| Here the sun is the source of Light energy.  
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|| Here, the sun is the source of light energy.  
  
 
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|-
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|| 09:38
 
|| 09:38
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|| The incandescent bulb converts electrical energy into, a lot of Thermal energy and very little Light energy.  
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|| The incandescent bulb converts electrical energy into a lot of thermal energy and very little light energy.  
  
 
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|-  
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|-  
 
|| 09:51
 
|| 09:51
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|| Next replace the incandescent bulb with the fluorescent bulb.  
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|| Next, replace the incandescent bulb with the fluorescent bulb.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-
 
|| 10:00
 
|| 10:00
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||Notice that, The fluorescent bulb releases more Light energy and less Thermal energy.  
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||Notice that the fluorescent bulb releases more Light energy and less thermal energy.  
  
 
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|-  
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|-
 
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||10:24
 
||10:24
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||Due to the presence of clouds light energy does not reach the solar panel.  
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||Due to the presence of clouds, light energy does not reach the solar panel.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 10:30
 
|| 10:30
−
|| So generation of electrical energy stops.  
+
|| So, generation of electrical energy stops.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
||10:34
 
||10:34
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|| As an assignment,
+
|| As an assignment:
  
 
Select '''cycle-generator system'''.  
 
Select '''cycle-generator system'''.  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 11:02
 
|| 11:02
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|| In this tutorial we have demonstrated, How to use '''Energy Forms and Changes''', '''PhET simulation'''.  
+
|| In this tutorial, we have demonstrated how to use '''Energy Forms and Changes''', '''PhET simulation'''.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 11:11
 
|| 11:11
−
|| Using this '''simulation''' we have learnt,
+
|| Using this '''simulation''', we have learnt  
  
 
1. To conserve energy in real-life systems.  
 
1. To conserve energy in real-life systems.  
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|| Using this '''simulation''' we have,  
 
|| Using this '''simulation''' we have,  
  
−
4. Predicted how energy flows when objects are heated or cooled.  
+
1. Predicted how energy flows when objects are heated or cooled.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 11:35
 
|| 11:35
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||5. Designed energy systems.  
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||2. Designed energy systems.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 11:38
 
|| 11:38
−
||6. Studied how energy changes from one form to another.  
+
||3. Studied how energy changes from one form to another.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 11:43
 
|| 11:43
−
|| The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.  
+
|| The video at the following link summarizes the '''Spoken Tutorial''' project.  
  
 
Please download and watch it.  
 
Please download and watch it.  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|| 11:52
 
|| 11:52
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|| The Spoken Tutorial Project team: conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and  
+
|| The '''Spoken Tutorial''' project team conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and  
  
−
Gives certificates on passing online tests.  
+
gives certificates on passing online tests.  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
||12:17
 
||12:17
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|| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.  
+
|| Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by '''NMEICT, MHRD,''' Government of India.  
  
 
More information on this mission is available at this link.  
 
More information on this mission is available at this link.  

Latest revision as of 20:34, 12 August 2018

Time Narration
00:01 Welcome to this tutorial on Energy Forms and Changes simulation.
00:07 In this tutorial, we will demonstrate Energy Forms and Changes, PhET simulation.
00:15 Here I am using: Ubuntu Linux OS version 14.04,
00:23 Java version 1.7.0,
00:27 Firefox Web Browser version 53.02.2.
00:33 To follow this tutorial, learner should be familiar with topics in high-school physics.
00:41 Using this simulation, we will learn:

1. To conserve energy in real-life systems.

00:50 2. To compare thermal conductivity of different objects.
00:55 3. About different forms of energy.
00:58 Using this simulation, we will:

1. Predict how energy flows when objects are heated or cooled.

01:07 2. Design energy systems.
01:10 3. Study how energy changes from one form to another.
01:15 Energy is the capacity to do work on objects.
01:20 It is a scalar quantity.
01:23 In SI system, it is measured in joules.
01:27 Energy exists in nature in several forms such as-
01:32 mechanical energy,
01:35 electrical energy,
01:38 thermal energy,
01:40 Light energy and
01:42 chemical energy.
01:45 Use the given link to download the simulation.
01:50 I have already downloaded Energy Forms and Changes simulation to my Downloads folder.
01:57 To run the simulation, open the terminal.
02:01 At the prompt, type: cd Downloads and press Enter.
02:08 Then type: java space hyphen jar space energy hyphen forms hyphen and hyphen changes underscore en dot jar and press Enter.
02:24 Energy Forms and Changes simulation opens.
02:28 The simulation screen has 2 tabs at the top- Intro and Energy Systems.
02:35 By default, Intro screen opens.
02:39 Intro screen helps to predict how thermal energy flows when objects are heated or cooled.
02:47 Left side of the screen has a set of three thermometers.
02:52 Right side of the screen has Energy Symbols check-box.
02:57 Click on Energy Symbols check-box.
03:01 Energy chunks will appear in Iron block, Brick block and Water container.
03:08 Number of chunks is proportional to amount of energy in each of the objects.
03:14 In this set up, the energy transfer is in the form of thermal energy.
03:19 There are two heat regulators to heat or cool the system.
03:24 Heat regulators are provided with stands.
03:28 At the bottom of the screen, we have Normal and Fast Forward radio-buttons to control the speed of animation,
03:37 Play / Pause button,

Step button and

Reset All button.

03:42 Drag the Water container onto the stand.
03:46 Drag and attach the thermometer to the container.
03:50 Now drag and hold the slider of the heat regulator upwards to heat the water.
03:57 As the temperature increases, water evaporates and vapors are observed.
04:04 Also, observe that energy chunks escape into the atmosphere.
04:09 Next, drag and hold the slider of the heat regulator downwards to cool the water.
04:16 As the temperature decreases, water freezes and becomes ice.
04:22 Drag and place the container on the workbench.
04:26 Now, drag the Iron block and place it on the first stand.
04:31 Drag and place the thermometer on the Iron block.
04:35 Move the Brick block and Water container to a side.
04:40 Before you start heating, note the number of energy chunks in the Iron block.
04:46 Observe the temperature on the thermometer.
04:50 Drag and hold the slider of the heat regulator upwards to heat the Iron block.
04:56 Observe that energy from heat is transferred to Iron block in the form of chunks.
05:03 Here, internal energy of Iron block increases.
05:08 This is due to the flow of heat from the heat source to Iron block.
05:13 Observe that some chunks from Iron block escape into the atmosphere.
05:19 This results in decrease in the temperature of Iron block.
05:25 Again heat the Iron block to maximum temperature.
05:29 Drag and place the heated Iron block in the Water container.
05:34 Energy chunks travel from hot Iron block into water.
05:39 This results in decrease in the temperature of Iron Block.
05:44 Water becomes hot and its temperature increases.
05:49 This heat transfer process continues till objects reach thermal equilibrium.
05:55 Let us choose Fast Forward option to make the process faster.
06:03 Now, again place the Iron block on the heat regulator.
06:08 Drag and hold the slider down to cool the Iron block.
06:13 Cool the Iron block until thermometer reaches its minimum temperature.
06:19 Again place the cooled Iron block in Water container.
06:23 Note the temperature changes and energy chunks transformation.
06:29 Now place both the blocks on to the stands.
06:33 Drag and place the thermometer on the Brick block.
06:37 Heat the blocks one by one until you will see maximum rise in temperatures.
06:44 Wait till thermal equilibrium is established. Observe the decrease in temperatures.
06:53 Observe that Iron block has more number of energy chunks than Brick block.
06:59 This indicates that Iron has more thermal conductivity than Brick.
07:05 As an assignment:

Heat Iron block and Brick block at the same time.

07:13 Place heated Iron block above the heated Brick block. And explain the observation.
07:20 Now we will move on to Energy Systems screen.
07:24 Click on Energy Systems tab.
07:27 Energy Systems screen opens.
07:31 This screen gives an idea about conservation of energy from everyday life.
07:38 Screen at the bottom has a set of- energy sources,
07:43 electrical energy generation systems and receivers.
07:50 Reset All button is available at the bottom right corner of the screen.
07:56 By default, screen has a set up of- Faucet as energy source,
08:02 turbine as electrical energy generation system and Water container with thermometer as a receiver.
08:10 Click on Energy Symbols check-box.
08:14 Forms of Energy panel will display.
08:18 Forms of Energy panel helps you to identify the various forms of energy.
08:24 Now drag the blue slider to turn on the faucet.
08:28 Notice that water flowing from faucet has mechanical energy.
08:34 This mechanical energy turns the turbine which creates electrical energy.
08:40 This energy causes the temperature of the water to increase.
08:45 As the temperature increases, water evaporates and vapors are observed.
08:51 It gives off more thermal energy into the atmosphere.
08:56 Here, energy is conserved as total energy of the system remains constant.
09:02 Let's set up another energy system.
09:06 Here we will select Sun as a energy source.
09:11 Replace the turbine with solar panel.
09:14 Now, instead of Water container, select incandescent bulb.
09:20 In this system, initially there is no cloud.
09:24 Here, the sun is the source of light energy.
09:28 This light energy is absorbed by the solar panel to create electrical energy.
09:34 This electrical energy causes the bulb to glow.
09:38 The incandescent bulb converts electrical energy into a lot of thermal energy and very little light energy.
09:47 This is because the filament gets heated up.
09:51 Next, replace the incandescent bulb with the fluorescent bulb.
09:56 Observe the energy output of fluorescent bulb.
10:00 Notice that the fluorescent bulb releases more Light energy and less thermal energy.
10:07 Therefore fluorescent bulb is more efficient.
10:11 Now let's see the effect of clouds on solar panel.
10:15 Drag the Clouds slider gradually from None to Lots.
10:20 As you drag the slider, clouds appear.
10:24 Due to the presence of clouds, light energy does not reach the solar panel.
10:30 So, generation of electrical energy stops.
10:34 As an assignment:

Select cycle-generator system.

10:41 Explain why the cyclist must be fed in order to continue to pedal.
10:47 Set up different systems and let it run for a while.
10:52 Observe the energy transformations in each system and tabulate your observations.
10:59 Let us summarize.
11:02 In this tutorial, we have demonstrated how to use Energy Forms and Changes, PhET simulation.
11:11 Using this simulation, we have learnt

1. To conserve energy in real-life systems.

11:19 2. To compare thermal conductivity of different objects.
11:24 3. About different forms of energy.
11:27 Using this simulation we have,

1. Predicted how energy flows when objects are heated or cooled.

11:35 2. Designed energy systems.
11:38 3. Studied how energy changes from one form to another.
11:43 The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.

Please download and watch it.

11:52 The Spoken Tutorial project team conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and

gives certificates on passing online tests.

12:01 For more details, please write to us.
12:05 Please post your timed queries on this forum.
12:09 This project is partially funded by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers and Teaching.
12:17 Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.

More information on this mission is available at this link.

12:29 This is Meenal Ghoderao from IIT-Bombay. Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Madhurig, PoojaMoolya, Sandhya.np14

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