Difference between revisions of "PhET/C2/Energy-forms-and-changes/English-timed"
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| − | || Next, drag and hold the slider of the heat regulator downwards to cool the water. | + | || Next, drag and hold the '''slider''' of the heat regulator downwards to cool the water. |
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|| 04:16 | || 04:16 | ||
| − | || As the temperature decreases water freezes and becomes ice. | + | || As the temperature decreases, water freezes and becomes ice. |
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||04:26 | ||04:26 | ||
| − | || Now drag the '''Iron''' block and place it on the first stand. | + | || Now, drag the '''Iron''' block and place it on the first stand. |
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|| 04:50 | || 04:50 | ||
| − | || Drag and hold the slider of the heat regulator upwards to heat the '''Iron''' block. | + | || Drag and hold the '''slider''' of the heat regulator upwards to heat the '''Iron''' block. |
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|| 04:56 | || 04:56 | ||
| − | || Observe that energy from heat is transferred to | + | || Observe that energy from heat is transferred to Iron block in the form of chunks. |
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|| 05:03 | || 05:03 | ||
| − | || Here internal energy of | + | || Here, internal energy of Iron block increases. |
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|| 05:08 | || 05:08 | ||
| − | || This is due to the flow of heat from the heat source to | + | || This is due to the flow of heat from the heat source to Iron block. |
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||05:13 | ||05:13 | ||
| − | || Observe that some chunks from | + | || Observe that some chunks from Iron block escape into the atmosphere. |
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|| 05:19 | || 05:19 | ||
| − | || This results in decrease in the temperature of | + | || This results in decrease in the temperature of Iron block. |
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|| 05:25 | || 05:25 | ||
| − | || Again heat the | + | || Again heat the Iron block to maximum temperature. |
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Revision as of 20:21, 12 August 2018
| Time | Narration |
| 00:01 | Welcome to this tutorial on Energy Forms and Changes simulation. |
| 00:07 | In this tutorial, we will demonstrate Energy Forms and Changes, PhET simulation. |
| 00:15 | Here I am using: Ubuntu Linux OS version 14.04, |
| 00:23 | Java version 1.7.0, |
| 00:27 | Firefox Web Browser version 53.02.2. |
| 00:33 | To follow this tutorial, learner should be familiar with topics in high-school physics. |
| 00:41 | Using this simulation, we will learn:
1. To conserve energy in real-life systems. |
| 00:50 | 2. To compare thermal conductivity of different objects. |
| 00:55 | 3. About different forms of energy. |
| 00:58 | Using this simulation, we will:
1. Predict how energy flows when objects are heated or cooled. |
| 01:07 | 2. Design energy systems. |
| 01:10 | 3. Study how energy changes from one form to another. |
| 01:15 | Energy is the capacity to do work on objects. |
| 01:20 | It is a scalar quantity. |
| 01:23 | In SI system, it is measured in joules. |
| 01:27 | Energy exists in nature in several forms such as- |
| 01:32 | mechanical energy, |
| 01:35 | electrical energy, |
| 01:38 | thermal energy, |
| 01:40 | Light energy and |
| 01:42 | chemical energy. |
| 01:45 | Use the given link to download the simulation. |
| 01:50 | I have already downloaded Energy Forms and Changes simulation to my Downloads folder. |
| 01:57 | To run the simulation, open the terminal. |
| 02:01 | At the prompt, type: cd Downloads and press Enter. |
| 02:08 | Then type: java space hyphen jar space energy hyphen forms hyphen and hyphen changes underscore en dot jar and press Enter. |
| 02:24 | Energy Forms and Changes simulation opens. |
| 02:28 | The simulation screen has 2 tabs at the top- Intro and Energy Systems. |
| 02:35 | By default, Intro screen opens. |
| 02:39 | Intro screen helps to predict how thermal energy flows when objects are heated or cooled. |
| 02:47 | Left side of the screen has a set of three thermometers. |
| 02:52 | Right side of the screen has Energy Symbols check-box. |
| 02:57 | Click on Energy Symbols check-box. |
| 03:01 | Energy chunks will appear in Iron block, Brick block and Water container. |
| 03:08 | Number of chunks is proportional to amount of energy in each of the objects. |
| 03:14 | In this set up, the energy transfer is in the form of thermal energy. |
| 03:19 | There are two heat regulators to heat or cool the system. |
| 03:24 | Heat regulators are provided with stands. |
| 03:28 | At the bottom of the screen, we have Normal and Fast Forward radio-buttons to control the speed of animation, |
| 03:37 | Play / Pause button,
Step button and Reset All button. |
| 03:42 | Drag the Water container onto the stand. |
| 03:46 | Drag and attach the thermometer to the container. |
| 03:50 | Now drag and hold the slider of the heat regulator upwards to heat the water. |
| 03:57 | As the temperature increases, water evaporates and vapors are observed. |
| 04:04 | Also, observe that energy chunks escape into the atmosphere. |
| 04:09 | Next, drag and hold the slider of the heat regulator downwards to cool the water. |
| 04:16 | As the temperature decreases, water freezes and becomes ice. |
| 04:22 | Drag and place the container on the workbench. |
| 04:26 | Now, drag the Iron block and place it on the first stand. |
| 04:31 | Drag and place the thermometer on the Iron block. |
| 04:35 | Move the Brick block and Water container to a side. |
| 04:40 | Before you start heating, note the number of energy chunks in the Iron block. |
| 04:46 | Observe the temperature on the thermometer. |
| 04:50 | Drag and hold the slider of the heat regulator upwards to heat the Iron block. |
| 04:56 | Observe that energy from heat is transferred to Iron block in the form of chunks. |
| 05:03 | Here, internal energy of Iron block increases. |
| 05:08 | This is due to the flow of heat from the heat source to Iron block. |
| 05:13 | Observe that some chunks from Iron block escape into the atmosphere. |
| 05:19 | This results in decrease in the temperature of Iron block. |
| 05:25 | Again heat the Iron block to maximum temperature. |
| 05:29 | Drag and place the heated Iron block in the Water container. |
| 05:34 | Energy chunks travel from hot Iron block into water. |
| 05:39 | This results in, decrease in the temperature of Iron Block. |
| 05:44 | Water becomes hot and its temperature increases. |
| 05:49 | This heat transfer process continues till objects reach thermal equilibrium. |
| 05:55 | Let us choose Fast Forward option to make the process faster. |
| 06:03 | Now again place the Iron block on the heat regulator. |
| 06:08 | Drag and hold the slider down to cool the Iron block. |
| 06:13 | Cool the Iron block until thermometer reaches its minimum temperature. |
| 06:19 | Again place the cooled Iron block in Water container. |
| 06:23 | Note the temperature changes and energy chunks transformation. |
| 06:29 | Now place both the blocks on to the stands. |
| 06:33 | Drag and place the thermometer on the Brick block. |
| 06:37 | Heat the blocks one by one until you will see maximum rise in temperatures. |
| 06:44 | Wait till thermal equilibrium is established. Observe the decrease in temperatures. |
| 06:53 | Observe that Iron block has more number of energy chunks than Brick block. |
| 06:59 | This indicates that Iron has more thermal conductivity than Brick. |
| 07:05 | As an assignment,
Heat Iron block and Brick block at the same time. |
| 07:13 | Place heated Iron block above the heated Brick block. And explain the observation. |
| 07:20 | Now we will move on to Energy Systems screen. |
| 07:24 | Click on Energy Systems tab. |
| 07:27 | Energy Systems screen opens. |
| 07:31 | This screen gives an idea about conservation of energy from everyday life. |
| 07:38 | Screen at the bottom has a set of- Energy sources |
| 07:43 | Electrical energy generation systems and Receivers. |
| 07:50 | Reset All button is available at the bottom right corner of the screen. |
| 07:56 | By default screen has a set up of- Faucet as energy source, |
| 08:02 | Turbine as electrical energy generation system and Water container with thermometer as a receiver. |
| 08:10 | Click on Energy Symbols check-box. |
| 08:14 | Forms of Energy panel will display. |
| 08:18 | Forms of Energy panel helps you to identify the various forms of energy. |
| 08:24 | Now drag the blue slider to turn on the faucet. |
| 08:28 | Notice that water flowing from faucet has mechanical energy. |
| 08:34 | This mechanical energy turns the turbine which creates Electrical energy. |
| 08:40 | This energy causes the temperature of the water to increase. |
| 08:45 | As the temperature increases water evaporates and vapours are observed. |
| 08:51 | It gives off more thermal energy into the atmosphere. |
| 08:56 | Here energy is conserved as total energy of the system remains constant. |
| 09:02 | Let's set up another energy system. |
| 09:06 | Here we will select Sun as a energy source. |
| 09:11 | Replace the turbine with solar panel. |
| 09:14 | Now instead of Water container, select incandescent bulb. |
| 09:20 | In this system, initially their is no cloud. |
| 09:24 | Here the sun is the source of Light energy. |
| 09:28 | This light energy is absorbed by the solar panel to create electrical energy. |
| 09:34 | This electrical energy causes the bulb to glow. |
| 09:38 | The incandescent bulb converts electrical energy into, a lot of Thermal energy and very little Light energy. |
| 09:47 | This is because the filament gets heated up. |
| 09:51 | Next replace the incandescent bulb with the fluorescent bulb. |
| 09:56 | Observe the energy output of fluorescent bulb. |
| 10:00 | Notice that, The fluorescent bulb releases more Light energy and less Thermal energy. |
| 10:07 | Therefore fluorescent bulb is more efficient. |
| 10:11 | Now let's see the effect of clouds on solar panel. |
| 10:15 | Drag the Clouds slider gradually from None to Lots. |
| 10:20 | As you drag the slider, clouds appear. |
| 10:24 | Due to the presence of clouds light energy does not reach the solar panel. |
| 10:30 | So generation of electrical energy stops. |
| 10:34 | As an assignment,
Select cycle-generator system. |
| 10:41 | Explain why the cyclist must be fed in order to continue to pedal. |
| 10:47 | Set up different systems and let it run for a while. |
| 10:52 | Observe the energy transformations in each system and tabulate your observations. |
| 10:59 | Let us summarize. |
| 11:02 | In this tutorial we have demonstrated, How to use Energy Forms and Changes, PhET simulation. |
| 11:11 | Using this simulation we have learnt,
1. To conserve energy in real-life systems. |
| 11:19 | 2. To compare thermal conductivity of different objects. |
| 11:24 | 3. About different forms of energy. |
| 11:27 | Using this simulation we have,
4. Predicted how energy flows when objects are heated or cooled. |
| 11:35 | 5. Designed energy systems. |
| 11:38 | 6. Studied how energy changes from one form to another. |
| 11:43 | The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
Please download and watch it. |
| 11:52 | The Spoken Tutorial Project team: conducts workshops using spoken tutorials and
Gives certificates on passing online tests. |
| 12:01 | For more details, please write to us. |
| 12:05 | Please post your timed queries on this forum. |
| 12:09 | This project is partially funded by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya National Mission on Teachers and Teaching. |
| 12:17 | Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.
More information on this mission is available at this link. |
| 12:29 | This is Meenal Ghoderao from IIT-Bombay. Thank you for joining. |
