Difference between revisions of "KiCad/C2/Designing-circuit-schematic-in-KiCad/English-timed"
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| 00:01 | | 00:01 | ||
− | | Welcome to the | + | | Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''“Designing circuit schematic in Kicad”'''. |
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| 00:08 | | 00:08 | ||
− | | Let us now see the steps involved in PCB designing | + | | Let us now see the steps involved in 'PCB' designing. |
|- | |- | ||
| 00:12 | | 00:12 | ||
− | | First step is to create schematic for the desired circuit. | + | | First step is to create '''schematic''' for the desired circuit. |
|- | |- | ||
| 00:16 | | 00:16 | ||
− | |Second step is to generate netlist. | + | |Second step is to generate '''netlist'''. |
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| 00:22 | | 00:22 | ||
− | |And fourth step is to create board layout for the circuit. | + | |And fourth step is to create '''board layout''' for the circuit. |
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| 00:27 | | 00:27 | ||
− | |In this tutorial we will learn first step | + | |In this tutorial, we will learn first step that is- |
|- | |- | ||
| 00:32 | | 00:32 | ||
− | | | + | |creating a '''schematic''' for the desired circuit. |
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|00:35 | |00:35 | ||
− | | We are using Ubuntu 12.04 as the operating system | + | | We are using '''Ubuntu 12.04''' as the '''operating system''' |
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|00:40 | |00:40 | ||
− | | | + | | with '''KiCad''' version '''2011 hyphen 05 hyphen 25''' for this tutorial. |
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| 00:56 | | 00:56 | ||
− | |We will use Astable multivibrator as an example circuit for this tutorial. | + | |We will use '''Astable multivibrator''' as an example circuit for this tutorial. |
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| 01:04 | | 01:04 | ||
− | |To start KiCad | + | |To start '''KiCad'''- |
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| 01:05 | | 01:05 | ||
− | |Go to top left corner of ubuntu desktop screen. | + | |Go to top left corner of '''ubuntu desktop screen'''. |
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| 01:08 | | 01:08 | ||
− | |Click on first icon i.e the | + | |Click on first icon i.e the '''Dashhome'''. |
|- | |- | ||
|01:12 | |01:12 | ||
− | | In the search bar type 'KiCad' | + | | In the search bar, type: 'KiCad' and press '''Enter'''. |
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| 01:19 | | 01:19 | ||
− | |KiCad main window will appear on the screen. | + | |'''KiCad main window''' will appear on the screen. |
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| 01:30 | | 01:30 | ||
− | |To start a new project, click on File and then click on New. | + | |To start a new project, click on '''File''' and then click on '''New'''. |
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| 01:35 | | 01:35 | ||
− | |Give a name to your project. For example, project1. | + | |Give a name to your project. For example, "project1". |
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| 01:42 | | 01:42 | ||
− | | Note that project is getting saved with .pro extension | + | | Note that project is getting saved with '.pro' extension. |
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|01:47 | |01:47 | ||
− | | | + | | Let me '''resize''' this window for better view. |
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| 01:58 | | 01:58 | ||
− | | Click on Save. | + | | Click on '''Save'''. |
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| 02:01 | | 02:01 | ||
− | | Circuit schematics are made in KiCad using EESchema. | + | | Circuit schematics are made in KiCad using '''EESchema'''. |
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| 02:06 | | 02:06 | ||
− | |Let me show you how to start EESchema in KiCad. | + | |Let me show you how to start 'EESchema' in KiCad. |
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|02:10 | |02:10 | ||
− | | The first tab in the top panel of KiCad main window is called as EESchema or schematic editor | + | | The first tab in the top panel of KiCad main window is called as 'EESchema' or '''schematic editor'''. |
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| 02:19 | | 02:19 | ||
− | |Clicking on EESchema tab opens the schematic editor. | + | |Clicking on 'EESchema' tab opens the schematic editor. |
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| 02:23 | | 02:23 | ||
− | |An Info dialog box will appear saying it cannot find the schematic. | + | |An '''Info''' dialog-box will appear saying it cannot find the schematic. |
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| 02:28 | | 02:28 | ||
− | |Click on | + | |Click on '''OK'''. |
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| 02:35 | | 02:35 | ||
− | | Go to right panel of EESchema window. | + | | Go to right panel of 'EESchema' window. |
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|02:38 | |02:38 | ||
− | |click on Place a component button. | + | |click on '''Place a component''' button. |
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| 02:42 | | 02:42 | ||
− | | Now click on the blank EESchema window. | + | | Now, click on the blank 'EESchema' window. |
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| 02:46 | | 02:46 | ||
− | | The component selection window will open up. | + | | The '''component selection''' window will open up. |
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| 02:49 | | 02:49 | ||
− | | Now we will place 555 timer IC schematic in the EESchema window. | + | | Now, we will place '''555 timer IC schematic''' in the EESchema window. |
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| 02:56 | | 02:56 | ||
− | |In the Name field of component selection window, type 555 and click on | + | |In the '''Name''' field of component selection window, type "555" and click on '''OK'''. |
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| 03:05 | | 03:05 | ||
− | |It will show the search result as LM555N. | + | |It will show the search result as '''LM555N'''. |
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| 03:11 | | 03:11 | ||
− | |Select this result and click on OK. | + | |Select this result and click on '''OK'''. |
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| 03:27 | | 03:27 | ||
− | | To zoom in and out for better view use the scroll button of your mouse. | + | | To zoom in and out, for better view, use the scroll button of your '''mouse'''. |
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| 03:35 | | 03:35 | ||
− | | Keep | + | | Keep cursor on Component which you want to zoom in and zoom out. |
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| 03:39 | | 03:39 | ||
− | |You can also use F1 and F2 keys to zoom in and zoom out, respectively. | + | |You can also use 'F1' and 'F2' keys to zoom in and zoom out, respectively. |
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| 03:46 | | 03:46 | ||
− | | You may or may not see the VCC and GND i.e. the ground terminal on the 555 IC. | + | | You may or may not see the 'VCC'' and 'GND' i.e. the ground terminal on the '555 IC'. |
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| 04:00 | | 04:00 | ||
− | | Click on the Show hidden pins button. | + | | Click on the '''Show hidden pins''' button. |
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| 04:04 | | 04:04 | ||
− | |Now we will place a resistor in the EESchema window. | + | |Now, we will place a resistor in the EESchema window. |
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| 04:09 | | 04:09 | ||
− | |The Place a component option was previously selected by us. | + | |The '''Place a component''' option was previously selected by us. |
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| 04:13 | | 04:13 | ||
− | |Hence, simply click on EESchema and you will see the component selection window. | + | |Hence, simply click on EESchema and you will see the '''component selection''' window. |
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| 04:21 | | 04:21 | ||
− | |In the | + | |In the '''Name''' field, type 'r' and click on '''OK'''. |
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| 04:26 | | 04:26 | ||
− | | Resistor schematic will appear on EESchema which will be tied to cursor. | + | | '''Resistor schematic''' will appear on EESchema which will be tied to cursor. |
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| 04:32 | | 04:32 | ||
− | |Place the resistor somewhere on the EESchema by a single click | + | |Place the resistor somewhere on the EESchema by a single click. |
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| 04:39 | | 04:39 | ||
− | |We can get the two resistors using the Place a component button. | + | |We can get the two resistors using the '''Place a component''' button. |
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| 04:42 | | 04:42 | ||
− | |But since we already have a resistor, let us see how to copy a component. | + | |But, since we already have a resistor, let us see how to copy a component. |
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| 04:48 | | 04:48 | ||
− | | To copy a component, right click on the component and choose Copy Component. | + | | To copy a component, right-click on the component and choose '''Copy Component'''. |
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| 05:11 | | 05:11 | ||
− | |This can also be done more quickly using the keyboard shortcut c. | + | |This can also be done more quickly using the keyboard shortcut 'c'. |
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| 05:16 | | 05:16 | ||
− | |For this, keep the cursor on the component and then press c. | + | |For this, keep the cursor on the component and then press 'c'. |
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| 05:30 | | 05:30 | ||
− | | A list of shortcuts can be obtained by pressing Shift and ? (question mark) key. | + | | A list of shortcuts can be obtained by pressing '''Shift''' and '''?''' (question mark) key. |
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| 05:43 | | 05:43 | ||
− | |Click on EESchema window to open the component selection window. | + | |Click on EESchema window to open the '''component selection''' window. |
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| 05:49 | | 05:49 | ||
− | |Next we need two capacitors, electrolytic and ceramic. | + | |Next, we need two capacitors, electrolytic and ceramic. |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:53 | | 05:53 | ||
− | | Type cp1 to add electrolytic capacitor and click OK. | + | | Type "cp1" to add electrolytic capacitor and click '''OK'''. |
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| 06:00 | | 06:00 | ||
− | |Type c to add ceramic capacitor and click OK. | + | |Type 'c' to add ceramic capacitor and click '''OK'''. |
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| 06:06 | | 06:06 | ||
− | |We also need a Light Emitting Diode, know as LED. | + | |We also need a '''Light Emitting Diode''', know as 'LED'. |
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|06:10 | |06:10 | ||
− | |In component selection window type led and click on OK. | + | |In component selection window, type: "led" and click on '''OK'''. |
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|06:17 | |06:17 | ||
− | | Now we need a power supply i.e.Vcc and Ground terminals. | + | | Now, we need a power supply i.e.'Vcc' and '''Ground terminals'''. |
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| 06:22 | | 06:22 | ||
− | | On the right panel of EESchema, click on Place a power port button. | + | | On the right panel of EESchema, click on '''Place a power port''' button. |
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| 06:34 | | 06:34 | ||
− | |Click on List All button and you will see a list of various power notations. | + | |Click on '''List All''' button and you will see a list of various power notations. |
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| 06:40 | | 06:40 | ||
− | |Choose +5V (plus 5 volt) and click on OK. | + | |Choose '''+5V''' (plus 5 volt) and click on '''OK'''. |
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| 06:48 | | 06:48 | ||
− | | Place the component by single click on the EESchema window | + | | Place the component by single click on the EESchema window. |
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| 06:54 | | 06:54 | ||
− | |choose ground from the list and click on OK | + | |choose '''ground''' from the list and click on '''OK'''. |
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| 07:01 | | 07:01 | ||
− | |Let me choose the ground terminal | + | |Let me choose the '''ground terminal'''.. |
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| 07:08 | | 07:08 | ||
− | | We also need a connector to connect the external power supply | + | | We also need a connector to connect the external power supply. |
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| 07:19 | | 07:19 | ||
− | | Click on List All button and you will see a list. | + | | Click on '''List All''' button and you will see a list. |
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| 07:24 | | 07:24 | ||
− | |Choose conn option and click on OK. | + | |Choose '''conn''' option and click on '''OK'''. |
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| 07:31 | | 07:31 | ||
− | |Scroll down and choose CONN_2 from the list and click on OK. | + | |Scroll down and choose '''CONN_2''' from the list and click on '''OK'''. |
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| 07:41 | | 07:41 | ||
− | | A two terminal connector will appear. It will be tied to your mouse pointer | + | | A two terminal connector will appear. It will be tied to your '''mouse pointer'''. |
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|07:56 | |07:56 | ||
− | |Now we will arrange the components | + | |Now, we will arrange the components by moving them to appropriate places. |
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| 08:01 | | 08:01 | ||
− | |We will use the shortcut key m for moving the components. | + | |We will use the shortcut key 'm' for moving the components. |
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| 08:04 | | 08:04 | ||
− | |To move a component, keep the mouse pointer on a component, say resistor, and then press m. | + | |To move a component, keep the mouse-pointer on a component, say resistor, and then press 'm'. |
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|08:15 | |08:15 | ||
− | | We will place this resistor to the right of IC 555 by a single click on the EESchema. | + | | We will place this resistor to the right of '''IC 555''' by a single click on the EESchema. |
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| 08:28 | | 08:28 | ||
− | | We will use the keyboard shortcut key r for rotating the LED and aligning it vertically. | + | | We will use the keyboard shortcut key 'r' for rotating the 'LED' and aligning it vertically. |
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| 08:48 | | 08:48 | ||
− | | On right panel of EESchema, | + | | On right panel of EESchema, click on '''Place a wire''' button. |
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|08:58 | |08:58 | ||
− | | We will connect wire by clicking on either | + | | We will connect wire by clicking on either '''node'''s of both the resistors. |
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| 09:11 | | 09:11 | ||
− | |Now we will connect the 7th pin of IC 555 to the wire connecting the two resistor. | + | |Now we will connect the 7th pin of '''IC 555''' to the wire connecting the two resistor. |
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| 09:18 | | 09:18 | ||
− | |Click on the 7th pin of IC 555 and then on the wire connecting the two resistors. | + | |Click on the 7th pin of '''IC 555''' and then on the wire connecting the two resistors. |
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| 09:44 | | 09:44 | ||
− | |I will go to | + | |I will go to '''File''' menu & click on '''Open'''. |
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| 09:53 | | 09:53 | ||
− | |A Confirmation window opens. Click on Yes. | + | |A '''Confirmation''' window opens. Click on '''Yes'''. |
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| 10:04 | | 10:04 | ||
− | |I will choose project1.sch from the desired directory. | + | |I will choose 'project1.sch' from the desired directory. |
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| 10:18 | | 10:18 | ||
− | |Let me resize this window first | + | |Let me '''resize''' this window first |
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| 10:22 | | 10:22 | ||
− | |and then I will click on | + | |and then I will click on '''Open'''. |
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| 10:29 | | 10:29 | ||
− | |I will click on | + | |I will click on '''Open'''. |
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| 10:50 | | 10:50 | ||
− | |On top panel of EESchema, Click on “Annotate schematic” button. | + | |On top panel of EESchema, Click on '''“Annotate schematic”''' button. |
|- | |- | ||
| 10:58 | | 10:58 | ||
− | |This will open the Annotate Schematic window. | + | |This will open the '''Annotate Schematic''' window. |
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|11:05 | |11:05 | ||
− | | Click on the Annotation | + | | Click on the '''Annotation''' button. |
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|11:09 | |11:09 | ||
− | |This will warn you that it will annotate only the un- | + | |This will warn you that it will annotate only the un-annotated components. |
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|11:13 | |11:13 | ||
− | |Click on OK. | + | |Click on '''OK'''. |
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| 11:15 | | 11:15 | ||
− | |Click on the Close button on the Annotate schematic window. | + | |Click on the '''Close''' button on the '''Annotate schematic''' window. |
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|11:30 | |11:30 | ||
− | |Click on File | + | |Click on '''File''' |
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| 11:37 | | 11:37 | ||
− | | and choose Save | + | | and choose '''Save Whole Schematic Project''' to save this schematic. |
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| 11:43 | | 11:43 | ||
− | |Click on File and choose Quit. | + | |Click on '''File''' and choose '''Quit'''. |
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|11:50 | |11:50 | ||
− | |Now go to KiCad main window. | + | |Now go to '''KiCad''' main window. |
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|11:53 | |11:53 | ||
− | |Click on File and choose Quit | + | |Click on '''File''' and choose '''Quit'''. |
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| 12:01 | | 12:01 | ||
− | | Let us summarize what we learnt in this tutorial | + | | Let us summarize what we learnt in this tutorial. |
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| 12:05 | | 12:05 | ||
− | |In this tutorial we learnt | + | |In this tutorial, we learnt- |
|- | |- | ||
| 12:07 | | 12:07 | ||
− | |To use EESchema in KiCad for creating circuit schematic | + | |* To use EESchema in KiCad for creating circuit schematic |
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| 12:11 | | 12:11 | ||
− | | Annotation of circuit schematic. | + | |* Annotation of circuit schematic. |
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| 12:15 | | 12:15 | ||
− | | | + | | Try the following Assignment- |
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Line 546: | Line 546: | ||
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|12:24 | |12:24 | ||
− | |Explore shortcut keys a, x and y | + | |Explore shortcut keys 'a', 'x' and 'y'. |
|- | |- | ||
| 12:31 | | 12:31 | ||
− | |Watch the video available at the following link | + | |Watch the video available at the following link. |
|- | |- |
Revision as of 06:34, 23 October 2015
Time | Narration |
00:01 | Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on “Designing circuit schematic in Kicad”. |
00:08 | Let us now see the steps involved in 'PCB' designing. |
00:12 | First step is to create schematic for the desired circuit. |
00:16 | Second step is to generate netlist. |
00:19 | Third step is to map components with corresponding footprints. |
00:22 | And fourth step is to create board layout for the circuit. |
00:27 | In this tutorial, we will learn first step that is- |
00:32 | creating a schematic for the desired circuit. |
00:35 | We are using Ubuntu 12.04 as the operating system |
00:40 | with KiCad version 2011 hyphen 05 hyphen 25 for this tutorial. |
00:49 | Basic knowledge of electronic circuits is a pre-requisite for this tutorial. |
00:56 | We will use Astable multivibrator as an example circuit for this tutorial. |
01:04 | To start KiCad- |
01:05 | Go to top left corner of ubuntu desktop screen. |
01:08 | Click on first icon i.e the Dashhome. |
01:12 | In the search bar, type: 'KiCad' and press Enter. |
01:19 | KiCad main window will appear on the screen. |
01:22 | Note that in Ubuntu 12.04, the menu bar of KiCad appears on the top panel of Ubuntu desktop. |
01:30 | To start a new project, click on File and then click on New. |
01:35 | Give a name to your project. For example, "project1". |
01:42 | Note that project is getting saved with '.pro' extension. |
01:47 | Let me resize this window for better view. |
01:52 | Notice where your project is getting saved and change the directory if needed. |
01:58 | Click on Save. |
02:01 | Circuit schematics are made in KiCad using EESchema. |
02:06 | Let me show you how to start 'EESchema' in KiCad. |
02:10 | The first tab in the top panel of KiCad main window is called as 'EESchema' or schematic editor. |
02:19 | Clicking on 'EESchema' tab opens the schematic editor. |
02:23 | An Info dialog-box will appear saying it cannot find the schematic. |
02:28 | Click on OK. |
02:32 | We will create circuit schematics here. |
02:35 | Go to right panel of 'EESchema' window. |
02:38 | click on Place a component button. |
02:42 | Now, click on the blank 'EESchema' window. |
02:46 | The component selection window will open up. |
02:49 | Now, we will place 555 timer IC schematic in the EESchema window. |
02:56 | In the Name field of component selection window, type "555" and click on OK. |
03:05 | It will show the search result as LM555N. |
03:11 | Select this result and click on OK. |
03:14 | The component’s schematic will appear on the EESchema window. |
03:19 | It would be tied to your cursor. |
03:22 | Place the component at the center of the screen by a single click. |
03:27 | To zoom in and out, for better view, use the scroll button of your mouse. |
03:35 | Keep cursor on Component which you want to zoom in and zoom out. |
03:39 | You can also use 'F1' and 'F2' keys to zoom in and zoom out, respectively. |
03:46 | You may or may not see the 'VCC and 'GND' i.e. the ground terminal on the '555 IC'. |
03:56 | If you do not see it, go to the left panel of EESchema window. |
04:00 | Click on the Show hidden pins button. |
04:04 | Now, we will place a resistor in the EESchema window. |
04:09 | The Place a component option was previously selected by us. |
04:13 | Hence, simply click on EESchema and you will see the component selection window. |
04:21 | In the Name field, type 'r' and click on OK. |
04:26 | Resistor schematic will appear on EESchema which will be tied to cursor. |
04:32 | Place the resistor somewhere on the EESchema by a single click. |
04:37 | We need two more resistors. |
04:39 | We can get the two resistors using the Place a component button. |
04:42 | But, since we already have a resistor, let us see how to copy a component. |
04:48 | To copy a component, right-click on the component and choose Copy Component. |
05:01 | A copy of the component will be tied to your cursor. |
05:05 | Place this resistor somewhere on EESchema by a single click. |
05:11 | This can also be done more quickly using the keyboard shortcut 'c'. |
05:16 | For this, keep the cursor on the component and then press 'c'. |
05:22 | Again it will be tied to your cursor. |
05:27 | Click once to place it. |
05:30 | A list of shortcuts can be obtained by pressing Shift and ? (question mark) key. |
05:36 | Here is the list of keyboard shortcuts. |
05:40 | Close this window. |
05:43 | Click on EESchema window to open the component selection window. |
05:49 | Next, we need two capacitors, electrolytic and ceramic. |
05:53 | Type "cp1" to add electrolytic capacitor and click OK. |
06:00 | Type 'c' to add ceramic capacitor and click OK. |
06:06 | We also need a Light Emitting Diode, know as 'LED'. |
06:10 | In component selection window, type: "led" and click on OK. |
06:17 | Now, we need a power supply i.e.'Vcc' and Ground terminals. |
06:22 | On the right panel of EESchema, click on Place a power port button. |
06:29 | Click once on the EESchema to open the component selection window. |
06:34 | Click on List All button and you will see a list of various power notations. |
06:40 | Choose +5V (plus 5 volt) and click on OK. |
06:48 | Place the component by single click on the EESchema window. |
06:52 | Similarly, to get the ground terminal, |
06:54 | choose ground from the list and click on OK. |
07:01 | Let me choose the ground terminal.. |
07:08 | We also need a connector to connect the external power supply. |
07:14 | Click on the EESchema to open the component selection window. |
07:19 | Click on List All button and you will see a list. |
07:24 | Choose conn option and click on OK. |
07:31 | Scroll down and choose CONN_2 from the list and click on OK. |
07:41 | A two terminal connector will appear. It will be tied to your mouse pointer. |
07:48 | Click once to place it. |
07:56 | Now, we will arrange the components by moving them to appropriate places. |
08:01 | We will use the shortcut key 'm' for moving the components. |
08:04 | To move a component, keep the mouse-pointer on a component, say resistor, and then press 'm'. |
08:15 | We will place this resistor to the right of IC 555 by a single click on the EESchema. |
08:28 | We will use the keyboard shortcut key 'r' for rotating the 'LED' and aligning it vertically. |
08:40 | Now we will see how to interconnect or wire the components as per the circuit diagram. |
08:45 | Let us start with the interconnection of components. |
08:48 | On right panel of EESchema, click on Place a wire button. |
08:56 | We will now interconnect two resistors. |
08:58 | We will connect wire by clicking on either nodes of both the resistors. |
09:11 | Now we will connect the 7th pin of IC 555 to the wire connecting the two resistor. |
09:18 | Click on the 7th pin of IC 555 and then on the wire connecting the two resistors. |
09:30 | Notice that this will automatically form a junction which appears as a node. |
09:35 | I have already interconnected the components and saved it. |
09:39 | I will now open and use this already made schematic to save time. |
09:44 | I will go to File menu & click on Open. |
09:53 | A Confirmation window opens. Click on Yes. |
10:04 | I will choose 'project1.sch' from the desired directory. |
10:18 | Let me resize this window first |
10:22 | and then I will click on Open. |
10:29 | I will click on Open. |
10:33 | Here is the schematic created earlier. |
10:36 | We would now see how to annotate components. |
10:39 | Annotation gives unique identification to each component. |
10:43 | Annotating will replace the question marks on the components with unique numbers. |
10:50 | On top panel of EESchema, Click on “Annotate schematic” button. |
10:58 | This will open the Annotate Schematic window. |
11:02 | In this window, keep the default configuration. |
11:05 | Click on the Annotation button. |
11:09 | This will warn you that it will annotate only the un-annotated components. |
11:13 | Click on OK. |
11:15 | Click on the Close button on the Annotate schematic window. |
11:20 | Notice that the question marks on the components are replaced with unique numbers. |
11:30 | Click on File |
11:37 | and choose Save Whole Schematic Project to save this schematic. |
11:43 | Click on File and choose Quit. |
11:48 | This will close the EESchema window. |
11:50 | Now go to KiCad main window. |
11:53 | Click on File and choose Quit. |
11:56 | This completes the objective of this tutorial of creating circuit schematic in KiCad. |
12:01 | Let us summarize what we learnt in this tutorial. |
12:05 | In this tutorial, we learnt- |
12:07 | * To use EESchema in KiCad for creating circuit schematic |
12:11 | * Annotation of circuit schematic. |
12:15 | Try the following Assignment- |
12:17 | Place component Inductor on EESchema using component selection window. |
12:24 | Explore shortcut keys 'a', 'x' and 'y'. |
12:31 | Watch the video available at the following link. |
12:35 | It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
12:37 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
12:43 | The Spoken Tutorial project team: |
12:45 | * Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
12:48 | * Gives certificates for those who pass an online test. |
12:52 | For more details, please write to:
contact at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org. |
12:59 | Spoken Tutorial project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project. |
13:03 | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
13:09 | More information on this Mission is available at: |
13:13 | spoken hyphen tutorial dot org slash NMEICT hyphen Intro. |
13:20 | This script has been contributed by Abhishek & Rupak. |
13:25 | This is Rupak Rokade from IIT Bombay, signing off. Thanks for joining. |
Contributors and Content Editors
Krupali, PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Sakinashaikh, Sandhya.np14