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− | '''Title of script''': '''Plotting functions''' | + | {|border=1 |
| + | ||'''Visual Cue''' |
| + | ||'''Narration''' |
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− | '''Author: '''Rani Parvathy | + | |- |
| + | ||'''Slide Number 1''' |
| + | '''Title Slide ''' |
| + | '''Plotting functions''' |
| + | || Welcome to the tutorial on '''Plotting functions in gnuplot'''. |
| | | |
− | '''Keywords:''' Video tutorial, spoken tutorial, gnuplot, sin (x), cos(x), graph, plot, replot, axis range, angle, Greek alphabet, font style, help documentation, set table, pipe output to file | + | |- |
| + | || '''Slide Number 2''' |
| + | '''Learning Objectives''' |
| + | || In this tutorial we will learn, |
| | | |
| + | * '''Plot''' and '''replot commands''' for '''2D''' plotting |
| + | * Plot three '''functions: '''sin(x)''', '''cos(x)''' and '''sin(x) plus cos(x)''' |
| + | * Draw grid and set limits |
| + | * Zoom in and zoom out of a plot |
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− | {| style="border-spacing:0;width:6.8472in;"
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− | ! align=center style="background-color:#993366;border-top:1pt solid #000000;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | Visual Cue
| + | || '''Slide Number 3''' |
− | ! align=center style="background-color:#993366;border:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | Narration
| + | '''Learning Objectives''' |
| + | || |
| + | * Add axis labels and graph title |
| + | * Change font '''style''' and size |
| + | * Add '''Greek symbols''' |
| + | * Set axis '''tick marks ''' and |
| + | * Save the data points to a file |
| + | |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Slide Number 1'''</div> | + | || '''Slide Number 4''' |
| + | '''System and Software Requirement''' |
| + | || To record this tutorial, I am using |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Title Slide '''</div>
| + | * '''Debian Linux''' 9.3 |
| + | * '''gnuplot''' 5.2.6 and |
| + | * '''Gedit text editor''' 3.22.0 |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Plotting functions'''</div>
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Welcome to the tutorial on '''Plotting functions'''
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Slide Number 2'''</div> | + | || '''Slide Number 5''' |
| + | '''Pre-requisites''' |
| + | || To follow this tutorial, |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Learning Objectives'''</div>
| + | * Learner must be familiar with high school level Mathematics |
| + | * For prerequisite gnuplot tutorials, please visit this site |
| | | |
| + | |- |
| + | || Press '''Ctrl + Alt + T''' . |
| + | || Open a '''terminal''' by pressing '''Ctrl, Alt''' and '''T''' keys simultaneously. |
| | | |
| + | |- |
| + | || Type cd Desktop and press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || A terminal opens. |
| + | Change directory to '''Desktop''' as seen. |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">In this tutorial we will learn,</div> | + | |- |
| + | || Type '''gnuplot''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || In the '''terminal''', type '''gnuplot''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| | | |
| + | |- |
| + | || Hover mouse near gnuplot prompt. |
| + | || The '''prompt''' changes to '''gnuplot prompt.''' |
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− | * <div style="color:#000000;">Plot & replot commands for 2D plotting</div>
| + | To execute a '''command''' in the '''terminal''', press '''Enter''' after typing it. |
− | * <div style="color:#000000;">Plot three functions sin x, cos x and sin x + cos x</div>
| + | |
− | * <div style="color:#000000;">Draw grid and set limits</div>
| + | |
− | * <div style="color:#000000;">Zoom into a graph</div>
| + | |
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| + | I will not mention this separately. |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Slide Number 3'''</div> | + | || Press''' Ctrl+Shift+K'''. |
| + | || I will clear the '''terminal'''. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Learning Objectives'''</div>
| + | |- |
| + | || Type '''plot sin(x)''' and Press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || Now type '''plot space sin(x)'''. |
| | | |
| + | Note that angle '''x''' is within parentheses. |
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| + | |- |
| + | || Point to graphical window. |
| + | || A graphical window with plot of '''sin(x)''' versus '''x''' appears on the screen. |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | * <div style="color:#000000;">Add axis labels and graph title</div> | + | |- |
− | * <div style="color:#000000;">Change font style and size</div>
| + | || Hover mouse on graph, axes. |
− | * <div style="color:#000000;">Add Greek symbols</div>
| + | || The limit of '''Y''' axis is from minus 1 to plus 1. |
− | * <div style="color:#000000;">Set axis tick marks</div>
| + | And '''X''' axis is from -10 to 10. |
− | * <div style="color:#000000;">Write data points to a table</div>
| + | |
| | | |
| + | |- |
| + | || Type '''set grid''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || Come back to the '''terminal''' and type the command '''set space grid'''. |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Slide Number 4'''</div> | + | || Type '''replot''' and press '''Enter''' |
| + | || Then type''' replot''' to see the grid in the graph. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''System and Software Requirement'''</div>
| + | |- |
| + | || Hold Ctrl and zoom in with mouse scroll. |
| + | || Hold down the control key and move the mouse scroll wheel to zoom in and zoom out. |
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| + | |- |
| + | || Point to '''sin x '''and '''x'''. |
| + | || Observe that '''sin x''' is zero when '''x''' is zero. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;"></div>
| + | |- |
| + | || Show zoom in and out. |
| + | || Let us reset the limits of the axes as before. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;"></div>
| + | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">To record this tutorial, I am using</div> | + | || Type '''reset''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || To reset, type the command reset in the '''terminal''', followed by '''replot'''. |
| | | |
| + | |- |
| + | || Type '''replot''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || Changes in the graph become visible only after executing the '''replot''' command. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">Debian Linux</div>
| + | |- |
| + | || Point to the '''legend'''. |
| + | || Notice that the '''legend''' is on the top right side in the graph. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">Gedit 3.22.0 and</div>
| + | It is not clear and intersects the graph. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">gnuplot 5.2.5 installed</div>
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Slide Number 5'''</div> | + | || Point mouse on the '''legend'''. |
| + | || Let's increase '''y axis range''', so that the graph line does not run through the '''legend'''. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Samson Microphone'''</div>
| + | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">To record audio, I am using '''Samson''' '''USB''' portable microphone was used.</div>
| + | || Type '''set yrange [-2:2]''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || Type '''set space yrange space -2 colon 2''' within square brackets. |
| | | |
| + | |- |
| + | || Type '''set xrange [-20:20]''' and |
| + | Press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || I will also change '''x''' axis range. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">The model number '''SAGOMIC'''</div>
| + | Enter command, '''set space xrange space -20 colon 20''' within square brackets. |
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| + | |- |
| + | || Type '''replot''' and |
| + | Press '''Enter''' |
| + | || Type '''replot''' to see the updated graph. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">I bought it from '''amazon''' website, for about rupees four thousand</div>
| + | |- |
| + | || Cursor on the graph. |
| + | || Now the changed graph limits are visible. |
| | | |
| + | |- |
| + | || Point to the '''legend'''. |
| + | || The '''legend''' has moved up and does not intersect the data line anymore. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">It may be available in other websites also.</div>
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Slide Number 6'''</div> | + | || Type '''set key top left''' and press '''Enter''' |
| + | || Type '''set space key space top space left''' to move the '''legend''' to the top left side. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Pre-requisites'''</div>
| + | |- |
| + | || '''Type replot''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || Do not forget to '''replot''' to see the result. |
| | | |
| + | |- |
| + | || Hover mouse next to axis font. |
| + | || Next, let's make the axes fonts larger. |
| | | |
| + | I want to set them at size 14 and in '''Verdana style'''. |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">To follow this tutorial, learner's must be familiar with, </div> | + | |- |
| + | || Type '''set tics font “Verdana, 14”''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || Type this '''command''' as shown here, to change the font size and '''style'''. |
| + | '''Replot''' to see the result. |
| | | |
| + | |- |
| + | || Hover mouse next to axis font. |
| + | || Notice the larger font size in '''Verdana style'''. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">Basic computer and internet skills</div>
| + | |- |
| + | || Type '''set xlabel 'x (angle)' font “Verdana, 14”''' |
| + | Press '''Enter''' |
| + | || Let's set '''x axis label''' as '''x angle'''. |
| | | |
| + | Type the '''command''' as shown here. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;"><span style="background-color:transparent;">Have c</span><span style="background-color:transparent;">oncept of graphing </span></div>
| + | Here we are specifying the '''label''', '''font style''' and size in a single command. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">and </div>
| + | |- |
| + | || Type '''set ylabel 'sin (x)' font “Verdana, 14”''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || To set '''y axis label''' as '''sin x''', type the '''command''', as shown here. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;"><span style="background-color:transparent;">Have h</span><span style="background-color:transparent;">igh school </span><span style="background-color:transparent;">level</span><span style="background-color:transparent;"> math</span><span style="background-color:transparent;">ematics</span><span style="background-color:transparent;"> skill</span><span style="background-color:transparent;">s</span></div>
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Slide Number 7'''</div> | + | || Cursor on the terminal. |
| + | || We are using the same font size and style for y axis too. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Pre-requisites'''</div>
| + | |- |
| + | || Type '''replot''' and press '''Enter''' |
| + | || Type '''replot''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| | | |
| + | |- |
| + | || Cursor on the graph. |
| + | || Now, let’s see how to change the font in the '''legend'''. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;"></div>
| + | |- |
| + | || Type '''set key font ",16"''' and |
| + | Press '''Enter''' |
| + | || Type |
| + | '''set space key space font space '''within double quotes '''comma 16 '''. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;"></div>
| + | This '''command''' sets the '''legend''' font size to 16. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <span style="background-color:transparent;color:#000000;">Please locate this tutorial on our web page, </span><span style="background-color:transparent;color:#000000;">'''spoken hyphen tutorial dot org'''</span><span style="background-color:transparent;color:#000000;"> </span>
| + | |
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| + | |- |
| + | || Press '''Ctrl+Alt+K'''. |
| + | || I will clear the terminal. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">Pre-requisite '''spoken''' '''tutorials''', if any, will be mentioned in this page </div>
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Ctrl alt t'''</div> | + | || Type''' help fonts''' and press '''Enter''' |
| + | || To access '''help''' documentation on fonts, type '''help space fonts'''. |
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− |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Open a terminal by pressing control alt t keys together
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | | + | || Point mouse to '''cairo''', '''gd''' and '''postscript''' |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Depending on your operating system, please set terminal | + | || Help command returns with 3 subtopics '''cairo''', '''gd''' and '''postscript'''. |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''>set term qt'''</div> | + | || Type '''cairo''' and press '''Enter''' |
| + | || I will type '''cairo''' to see the details and available options. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''press enter'''</div>
| + | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">I will type '''set space term space qt'''.</div>
| + | || Cursor on the terminal. |
| + | || Similarly you may choose to use '''help''' for any '''command''' when using '''gnuplot'''. |
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| + | |- |
| + | || Mouse in '''Help section'''. |
| + | || You may pause the video and read the details given in the '''help''' section. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">Press enter to execute the command.</div>
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">This works for most operating systems</div>
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''>gnuplot'''.
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Enter command '''gnuplot''', to open '''gnuplot'''
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''Control L''' | + | || Press '''Ctrl C'''. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">The terminal prompt changes to '''gnuplot''' when program runs</div> | + | || Once done, press '''Control '''and '''C''' keys to exit the '''help section'''. |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">I will clear the screen and bring terminal prompt to top of the screen for clarity. </div>
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">Press control l on keypad.</div>
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | >'''plot sin (x)'''<span style="color:#000000;">, press enter</span> | + | || '''Ctrl+L in Ubuntu''' and '''Ctrl+Shift+K in Debian'''. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">Type, '''plot space sin x'''</div>
| + | || I will clear the screen. |
− | | + | I wish to add a title to my graph. |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Note that angle '''X''' is within braces and press enter</div>
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | | + | || Type '''set title 'My first gnuplot'''' and press '''Enter'''. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | A graphical window with plot of x, sin x appear on screen
| + | || To add a title, type '''set title''' command, as shown here. |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Hover mouse on graph, axes
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Limit of y axis is from -1 to plus 1 and x axis is from -10 to 10
| + | |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Click on '''grid''' icon
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Click on the '''grid''' icon. This draws grid in the '''graph'''.
| + | |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Hold '''control''' and zoom in with mouse '''scroll'''
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Hold down ctrl key and zoom in around origin, 0, 0, with scroll mouse
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− | |- | + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Notice, sin x is zero when '''x''' is zero
| + | |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Show zoom in and out
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Using scroll wheel, zoom in and out in the graph.
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− | |-
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">Type '''reset''', enter</div>
| + | |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">Type '''replot''', enter</div>
| + | Followed by the title of the graph in single quotes. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">To '''reset''', enter command '''reset''' in terminal, followed by '''replot'''</div>
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− |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">Changes in graph becomes visible only after '''replot''' command</div>
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− | |-
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | This resets limits of axis as before
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− | |-
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Notice the legend in the graph is not clear and runs through the graph
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− | |-
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Point mouse on legend
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Let's increase '''y'''-axis range, so that graph line does not run through legend.
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− | |-
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''>set yrange [-2:2]'''
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border:none;padding:0in;color:#000000;" | Enter command '''set space yrange space''' -2 colon 2 within square braces
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− | |-
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | >'''set xrange [-20:20]'''
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Change x-range with command '''set space xrange space -20 colon 20 in square braces'''
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− | |-
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Enter '''replot '''command to see the updated graph.
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− | |-
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
| |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Now the changed graph limits are visible.
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− | |-
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Legend has moved upward and does not run through the data line.
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− | |-
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''>set key top left'''
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Command '''set space key space top space left''' will move legend to top left side.
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− | |-
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''>replot'''
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Do not forget to '''replot''' to see the result.
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| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | | + | || Type '''set title font "verdana, 18"''' and press '''Enter'''. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">Next, let's make the axis fonts larger.</div> | + | || To set the title font, type the command as shown here. |
| | | |
− |
| |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">I want to set them at size 14 and in '''Verdana''' style, a bit larger than present</div>
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| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''>set tics font “Verdana, 14”''' </div> | + | || '''Point to x axis'''. |
| + | || In the '''sinx versus x''' plot, dimensions of '''x axis''' is angle. |
| + | Hence we may want to label '''X''' axis in terms of angle, '''π'''. |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''>replot'''</div>
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">Enter command '''set space tics space font''' '''Verdana''' comma 14 in double quotes</div>
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− |
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− |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Replot''' to see the result.</div>
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− | |-
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Notice the larger font size in '''Verdana''' style.
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| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''set xlabel 'x (angle)' font “Verdana, 14”'''</div> | + | || In the terminal, type, |
| + | '''set xtics ('-4{/Symbol p}' -4*pi,'-3{/Symbol p}' -3*pi,'-2{/Symbol p}' -2*pi,''' |
| | | |
| + | ''''-{/Symbol p}' -pi, 0, '{/Symbol p}' pi,''' |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;"></div>
| + | ''' '2{/Symbol p}' 2*pi, '3{/Symbol p}' 3*pi, '4{/Symbol p}' 4*pi,)''' and |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">Let's set x axis label as x angle next. </div>
| + | press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || To change '''X ticks''' to angle, type the following '''command''' as shown on the screen. |
| | | |
| + | Here we are using the '''Greek''' alphabet '''pi''' and setting its position. |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Please follow the commands as<span style="background-color:transparent;"> </span><span style="background-color:transparent;">seen</span> in the video</div>
| + | |- |
| + | || Point mouse to '''('2{/Symbol p}'''' and then to '''2*pi'''. |
| + | || This '''command''' places, '''Greek symbol pi''', at the value of 3.14. |
| | | |
| + | Label 2'''π''' is at position 6.28 on the '''X''' axis. |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Here we are specifying the font style and size in the same command line</div>
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| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''set ylabel 'sin (x)' font “Verdana, 14”''' | + | || Point to '''2π''' and '''4π'''. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | To set y-axis label as '''sin x''', type command, as seen in the video
| + | || Multiples of pi are placed at their respective positions. |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | | + | || Type '''help set xtics''' and press '''Enter'''. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | To specify the style and size of '''axis''' label, add font details in the setting. | + | || For more help on the formats of '''x tics''', type the command '''help space set space xtics'''. |
| + | |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | | + | || Press '''Ctrl C'''. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | I will set the same font style and size for y axis too. | + | || Press '''Ctrl''' and''' C''' keys to exit the '''help '''section. |
| + | |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | | + | || Press '''Ctrl+Shift+K in Debian'''. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Changes in graph will become visible only after '''replot''' command.
| + | || I will clear the terminal. |
| + | |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''>replot''' | + | || Cursor on the terminal. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Hence type '''replot''' and enter. | + | || It is also possible to add multiple '''functions''' on the same graph. |
| + | |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Type {{anchor|DdeLink50272102207422}} '''set key font ",14"''' | + | || Type '''plot sin(x), cos (x) ''' and press '''Enter'''. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''Set space key space font space ,14 in double quotes''' command sets font size to 14.
| + | || To plot '''sin x '''and '''cos x '''on the same graph, separate the '''functions''' by a comma. |
− | |- | + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Type''' help fonts'''
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | To access help documentation on fonts, type '''help space fonts'''
| + | |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Point mouse to '''cairo''', '''gd''' and '''postscript'''
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Help command returns with 3 subtopics '''cairo''', '''gd''' and '''postscript'''
| + | |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''>cairo'''
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | I will type '''cairo''' to see the details and available options
| + | |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | You may pause the video, read & understand the details given in the help section
| + | |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Ctrl c'''</div>
| + | |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''ctrl l'''</div>
| + | Type '''plot space sin x comma cos x'''. |
| | | |
| + | Make sure that the angle''' x''', is within parentheses. |
| | | |
| + | |- |
| + | || Point to the graph window. |
| + | || Notice that the two '''functions''' are plotted together now. |
| | | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">Similarly you may choose to use help for any command when using '''gnuplot'''.</div> | + | |- |
| + | || Cursor on the terminal. |
| + | || Next, we will add '''sin (x) plus cos (x) function''' to the same graph. |
| | | |
| + | |- |
| + | || Type '''plot sin(x), cos(x), sin(x) + cos(x) ''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || For this, type '''plot space sin(x) comma cos(x) comma sin(x) plus cos(x)''' . |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Press '''control c''' to exit help section</div>
| + | |- |
| + | || Point to the graph window. |
| + | || Notice that all 3 '''functions''' are plotted together on the same graph window. |
| | | |
| + | Next, let’s learn how to get '''sin(x) data points''' into a file. |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Press '''control l''' on keypad</div>
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| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''>set title 'My first gnuplot'''' | + | || Cursor on the terminal. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">I will also add a title, reading, '''my first gnuplot'''. </div>
| + | || To get an '''ASCII column format''' output, '''set table command''' can be used. |
| | | |
| + | |- |
| + | || Type '''set space table''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || First type '''set space table'''. |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">To add title, enter command, '''set space title''' , as seen in the '''video'''</div>
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| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''>set title font "verdana, 18"''' | + | || '''Enter command plot sin(x) '''and press '''Enter'''. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | To set title font, use the command as seen. | + | || Then type '''plot space sin(x)'''. |
| + | |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | | + | || Point to the screen |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">Note that, x axis has dimensions of angle this plot</div> | + | || An '''x y column data''' for '''sin(x)''' is generated on the screen. |
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− |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">Hence we may like to label x-axis, in terms of angle, pi</div>
| |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">Point at the terminal</div> | + | || Highlight first column. |
| + | Highlight second column. |
| + | || The first column is '''x data''' and the second column is '''y data'''. |
| | | |
| + | They are the '''points''' of '''sin''' '''x '''versus '''x''' graph. |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Highlight the following command and hover mouse over {/symbol p} and -2*pi</div>
| + | |- |
| + | || Press '''Ctrl+Alt+K''' |
| + | || I will clear the terminal. |
| | | |
| + | We can save the output as a text file. |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''set xtics ('-4{/Symbol p}' -4*pi,'-3{/Symbol p}' -3*pi,'-2{/Symbol p}' -2*pi, '-{/Symbol p}' -pi, 0, '{/Symbol p}' pi,'2{/Symbol p}' 2*pi, '3{/Symbol p}' 3*pi, '4{/Symbol p}' 4*pi,)'''</div>
| + | |- |
| + | || Type '''set table "table-sinx.txt"''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || For this, type '''set space table space '''within double quotes''' sinx dot txt'''. |
| | | |
| + | Here '''sinx dot txt''' is the output filename. |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">{{anchor|DdeLink16131552048718}} '''set xtics ('-2{/Symbol p}' -2*pi, '-{/Symbol p}' -pi, 0, '{/Symbol p}' pi,'2{/Symbol p}' 2*pi)'''</div>
| + | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">To change '''xtics''' to angle, type the following command as seen on screen</div> | + | ||Type '''plot sin(x)''' and press '''Enter'''. |
| + | || Then, type '''plot space sin(x)'''. |
| + | The output is saved to the file '''sin x dot txt'''. |
| | | |
| + | The data is not seen on the screen. |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Here we are setting Greek pi alphabet and set it's position.</div>
| |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Point mouse to '''('-2{/Symbol p}'''' and then to '''-2*pi''' | + | || Show screenshot of '''Desktop''' showing the file '''sinx.txt'''. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | This command placed label 2 pi''' '''at position 6.28 at x-axis.
| + | || The file is stored in the '''directory''' from where we opened '''gnuplot''' in the '''terminal'''. |
− | |- | + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | | + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''X'''-tics is labeled, '''Greek''' symbol pi is placed at value of 3.14
| + | |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Type '''help set xtics'''
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">For more help on formats, enter command, '''help space set space xtics'''.</div>
| + | |
− | | + | |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Pause the video and explore more if you wish to do so.</div>
| |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''Ctrl c''' | + | || Type '''unset table''' and press '''Enter'''. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">Press '''control c''' to exit help</div> | + | || Type '''unset space table''' to exit the tabular output mode. |
| | | |
− |
| |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">It is also possible to add multiple functions on the same graph</div>
| |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | | + | || Enter the command '''quit'''. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | To plot '''sin''' x and '''cos''' x on same graph, separate the functions by a comma
| + | || Then type '''quit''' or '''q''' to quit '''gnuplot'''. |
− | |- | + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''plot sin (x), cos (x)'''
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">Enter command, '''Plot space sin x comma cos x''' </div>
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | | + | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Make sure, the angle '''x''', is typed within braces</div>
| + | |
− | | + | |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Notice the two functions plotted together</div>
| |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | | + | || '''Slide Number 6''' |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Next, add '''sin x''' plus '''cos x''' function to the graph
| + | '''Summary''' |
− | |- | + | || Let’s summarize. |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''plot sin(x), cos(x), sin(x) + cos(x)''' | + | In this tutorial, |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">For this, type '''plot space sin(x) comma cos(x) comma sin(x) plus cos(x)''' </div>
| + | |
| | | |
| + | * we plotted '''2D''' graphs of '''functions'''. |
| + | We also |
| + | * Added grid and set limits |
| + | * Zoomed in and zoomed out of a plot |
| + | * Added axis labels and graph title |
| + | * Changed font style and size |
| + | and |
| + | * Saved the '''data points''' to a file |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Notice the three functions plotted together</div>
| |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | | + | || '''Slide Number 7''' |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Say, next I want to get '''sin(x)''' data points''' in a file'''
| + | '''Assignment''' |
− | |- | + | || As an assignment, plot the following '''functions''': |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | | + | * '''tan x ''' |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | To get an ascii column format output, '''set table''' command can be used
| + | * '''x squared''' |
− | |-
| + | and |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''plot sin(x)'''
| + | * '''x minus three squared ''' |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | First enter command '''set space table'''
| + | |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | '''plot sin(x)'''
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Type, '''plot space sinx'''
| + | |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | An x-y column data for sin(x) is generated on the screen
| + | |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | First column is x data and second column is y data points of '''x sinx''' graph
| + | |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | We can pipe or 'direct' the output to a text file.
| + | |
− | |-
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | >'''set table "table-sinx.txt"'''
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">For this, type, '''set space table space in double quotes table hyphen sinx dot txt'''</div>
| + | |
| | | |
− |
| |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Here, the output is directed to file name '''table hyphen sin x dot txt'''</div>
| |
− | |-
| |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
| |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | The file is stored in the directory from where we opened '''gnuplot''' in terminal.
| |
− | |-
| |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
| |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | We can remove tabular outputs with unset table command
| |
− | |-
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | >'''unset table'''
| |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Enter command '''unset space table''' to unset '''table''' mode
| |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Slide Number 8'''</div> | + | || Show '''Completed assignment'''. |
| + | || Your completed assignment should look like this. |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Summary'''</div>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <div style="color:#000000;"></div>
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− |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;"></div>
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | To summarize, in this tutorial, we
| |
− |
| |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Learned to </div>
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− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Plot 2D graphs of simple functions</div>
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− |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">Added grid and set limits</div>
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− |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">Zoomed and viewed graph</div>
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− |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">Added axis labels, graph title </div>
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− |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;"><span style="background-color:transparent;">Change</span><span style="background-color:transparent;">d</span><span style="background-color:transparent;"> font style </span><span style="background-color:transparent;">and</span><span style="background-color:transparent;"> size</span></div>
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− |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">and</div>
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− |
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− | <div style="color:#000000;">Wrote data points to table</div>
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| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Slide Number 9'''</div> | + | || '''Slide Number 8''' |
− | | + | '''Spoken Tutorial Project''' |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Assignment'''</div>
| + | || This video summarises the Spoken Tutorial Project. |
− | | + | Please download and watch it. |
− | | + | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;"></div>
| + | |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">For assignment, plot the following functions,</div> | + | |
− | | + | |
− | | + | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">tan x </div>
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Legendre polynomial</div>
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">a parabola </div>
| + | |
− | | + | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">and </div>
| + | |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">Open parabola in four different quadrants</div>
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| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Slide Number 10'''</div> | + | || '''Slide Number 9''' |
| + | '''Spoken Tutorial workshops''' |
| + | || We conduct workshops using spoken tutorials and give certificates. |
| + | Please write to us. |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Spoken Tutorial Project'''</div>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <span style="color:#000000;">This video summarises the</span><span style="color:#000000;"> Spoken Tutorial Project </span>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">If you do not have good bandwidth, you may download and watch it.</div>
| |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Slide Number 11'''</div> | + | || '''Slide Number 10''' |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Spoken Tutorial workshops'''</div>
| + | '''Forum for specific questions:''' |
| + | || Post your timed queries in the forum. |
| | | |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <span style="color:#000000;">We</span><span style="color:#000000;"> conduct workshops using spoken tutorials and give certificates. </span>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | <span style="color:#000000;">P</span><span style="color:#000000;">lease write to us.</span>
| |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Slide Number 12'''</div> | + | || '''Slide Number 11''' |
| + | '''Acknowledgement''' |
| + | || Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
| | | |
− | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Forum for specific questions:'''</div>
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− |
| |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | Post your timed queries in the forum.
| |
| |- | | |- |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">'''Slide Number 13'''</div> | + | || |
| + | || This is Rani from IIT, Bombay. Thank you for joining. |
| | | |
− | <span style="color:#000000;">'''Acknowledgemen'''</span><span style="color:#000000;">t</span>
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− |
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− |
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− |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;" | <div style="color:#000000;">Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.</div>
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− |
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− |
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− |
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− | |-
| |
− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" |
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− | | style="background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.0382in;color:#000000;" | This is Rani from IIT, Bombay. Thank you for joining.
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| |- | | |- |
| |} | | |} |
− | <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:0in;margin-right:0in;"></div>
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Visual Cue
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Narration
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Slide Number 1
Title Slide
Plotting functions
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Welcome to the tutorial on Plotting functions in gnuplot.
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Slide Number 2
Learning Objectives
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In this tutorial we will learn,
- Plot and replot commands for 2D plotting
- Plot three functions: sin(x), cos(x) and sin(x) plus cos(x)
- Draw grid and set limits
- Zoom in and zoom out of a plot
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Slide Number 3
Learning Objectives
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- Add axis labels and graph title
- Change font style and size
- Add Greek symbols
- Set axis tick marks and
- Save the data points to a file
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Slide Number 4
System and Software Requirement
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To record this tutorial, I am using
- Debian Linux 9.3
- gnuplot 5.2.6 and
- Gedit text editor 3.22.0
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Slide Number 5
Pre-requisites
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To follow this tutorial,
- Learner must be familiar with high school level Mathematics
- For prerequisite gnuplot tutorials, please visit this site
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Press Ctrl + Alt + T .
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Open a terminal by pressing Ctrl, Alt and T keys simultaneously.
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Type cd Desktop and press Enter.
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A terminal opens.
Change directory to Desktop as seen.
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Type gnuplot and press Enter.
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In the terminal, type gnuplot and press Enter.
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Hover mouse near gnuplot prompt.
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The prompt changes to gnuplot prompt.
To execute a command in the terminal, press Enter after typing it.
I will not mention this separately.
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Press Ctrl+Shift+K.
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I will clear the terminal.
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Type plot sin(x) and Press Enter.
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Now type plot space sin(x).
Note that angle x is within parentheses.
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Point to graphical window.
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A graphical window with plot of sin(x) versus x appears on the screen.
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Hover mouse on graph, axes.
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The limit of Y axis is from minus 1 to plus 1.
And X axis is from -10 to 10.
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Type set grid and press Enter.
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Come back to the terminal and type the command set space grid.
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Type replot and press Enter
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Then type replot to see the grid in the graph.
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Hold Ctrl and zoom in with mouse scroll.
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Hold down the control key and move the mouse scroll wheel to zoom in and zoom out.
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Point to sin x and x.
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Observe that sin x is zero when x is zero.
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Show zoom in and out.
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Let us reset the limits of the axes as before.
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Type reset and press Enter.
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To reset, type the command reset in the terminal, followed by replot.
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Type replot and press Enter.
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Changes in the graph become visible only after executing the replot command.
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Point to the legend.
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Notice that the legend is on the top right side in the graph.
It is not clear and intersects the graph.
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Point mouse on the legend.
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Let's increase y axis range, so that the graph line does not run through the legend.
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Type set yrange [-2:2] and press Enter.
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Type set space yrange space -2 colon 2 within square brackets.
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Type set xrange [-20:20] and
Press Enter.
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I will also change x axis range.
Enter command, set space xrange space -20 colon 20 within square brackets.
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Type replot and
Press Enter
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Type replot to see the updated graph.
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Cursor on the graph.
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Now the changed graph limits are visible.
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Point to the legend.
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The legend has moved up and does not intersect the data line anymore.
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Type set key top left and press Enter
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Type set space key space top space left to move the legend to the top left side.
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Type replot and press Enter.
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Do not forget to replot to see the result.
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Hover mouse next to axis font.
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Next, let's make the axes fonts larger.
I want to set them at size 14 and in Verdana style.
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Type set tics font “Verdana, 14” and press Enter.
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Type this command as shown here, to change the font size and style.
Replot to see the result.
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Hover mouse next to axis font.
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Notice the larger font size in Verdana style.
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Type set xlabel 'x (angle)' font “Verdana, 14”
Press Enter
|
Let's set x axis label as x angle.
Type the command as shown here.
Here we are specifying the label, font style and size in a single command.
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Type set ylabel 'sin (x)' font “Verdana, 14” and press Enter.
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To set y axis label as sin x, type the command, as shown here.
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Cursor on the terminal.
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We are using the same font size and style for y axis too.
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Type replot and press Enter
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Type replot and press Enter.
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Cursor on the graph.
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Now, let’s see how to change the font in the legend.
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Type set key font ",16" and
Press Enter
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Type
set space key space font space within double quotes comma 16 .
This command sets the legend font size to 16.
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Press Ctrl+Alt+K.
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I will clear the terminal.
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Type help fonts and press Enter
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To access help documentation on fonts, type help space fonts.
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Point mouse to cairo, gd and postscript
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Help command returns with 3 subtopics cairo, gd and postscript.
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Type cairo and press Enter
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I will type cairo to see the details and available options.
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Cursor on the terminal.
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Similarly you may choose to use help for any command when using gnuplot.
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Mouse in Help section.
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You may pause the video and read the details given in the help section.
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Press Ctrl C.
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Once done, press Control and C keys to exit the help section.
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Ctrl+L in Ubuntu and Ctrl+Shift+K in Debian.
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I will clear the screen.
I wish to add a title to my graph.
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Type set title 'My first gnuplot' and press Enter.
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To add a title, type set title command, as shown here.
Followed by the title of the graph in single quotes.
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Type set title font "verdana, 18" and press Enter.
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To set the title font, type the command as shown here.
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Point to x axis.
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In the sinx versus x plot, dimensions of x axis is angle.
Hence we may want to label X axis in terms of angle, π.
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In the terminal, type,
set xtics ('-4{/Symbol p}' -4*pi,'-3{/Symbol p}' -3*pi,'-2{/Symbol p}' -2*pi,
'-{/Symbol p}' -pi, 0, '{/Symbol p}' pi,
'2{/Symbol p}' 2*pi, '3{/Symbol p}' 3*pi, '4{/Symbol p}' 4*pi,) and
press Enter.
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To change X ticks to angle, type the following command as shown on the screen.
Here we are using the Greek alphabet pi and setting its position.
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Point mouse to ('2{/Symbol p}' and then to 2*pi.
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This command places, Greek symbol pi, at the value of 3.14.
Label 2π is at position 6.28 on the X axis.
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Point to 2π and 4π.
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Multiples of pi are placed at their respective positions.
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Type help set xtics and press Enter.
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For more help on the formats of x tics, type the command help space set space xtics.
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Press Ctrl C.
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Press Ctrl and C keys to exit the help section.
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Press Ctrl+Shift+K in Debian.
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I will clear the terminal.
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Cursor on the terminal.
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It is also possible to add multiple functions on the same graph.
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Type plot sin(x), cos (x) and press Enter.
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To plot sin x and cos x on the same graph, separate the functions by a comma.
Type plot space sin x comma cos x.
Make sure that the angle x, is within parentheses.
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Point to the graph window.
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Notice that the two functions are plotted together now.
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Cursor on the terminal.
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Next, we will add sin (x) plus cos (x) function to the same graph.
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Type plot sin(x), cos(x), sin(x) + cos(x) and press Enter.
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For this, type plot space sin(x) comma cos(x) comma sin(x) plus cos(x) .
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Point to the graph window.
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Notice that all 3 functions are plotted together on the same graph window.
Next, let’s learn how to get sin(x) data points into a file.
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Cursor on the terminal.
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To get an ASCII column format output, set table command can be used.
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Type set space table and press Enter.
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First type set space table.
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Enter command plot sin(x) and press Enter.
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Then type plot space sin(x).
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Point to the screen
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An x y column data for sin(x) is generated on the screen.
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Highlight first column.
Highlight second column.
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The first column is x data and the second column is y data.
They are the points of sin x versus x graph.
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Press Ctrl+Alt+K
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I will clear the terminal.
We can save the output as a text file.
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Type set table "table-sinx.txt" and press Enter.
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For this, type set space table space within double quotes sinx dot txt.
Here sinx dot txt is the output filename.
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Type plot sin(x) and press Enter.
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Then, type plot space sin(x).
The output is saved to the file sin x dot txt.
The data is not seen on the screen.
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Show screenshot of Desktop showing the file sinx.txt.
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The file is stored in the directory from where we opened gnuplot in the terminal.
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Type unset table and press Enter.
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Type unset space table to exit the tabular output mode.
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Enter the command quit.
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Then type quit or q to quit gnuplot.
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Slide Number 6
Summary
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Let’s summarize.
In this tutorial,
- we plotted 2D graphs of functions.
We also
- Added grid and set limits
- Zoomed in and zoomed out of a plot
- Added axis labels and graph title
- Changed font style and size
and
- Saved the data points to a file
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Slide Number 7
Assignment
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As an assignment, plot the following functions:
and
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Show Completed assignment.
|
Your completed assignment should look like this.
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Slide Number 8
Spoken Tutorial Project
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This video summarises the Spoken Tutorial Project.
Please download and watch it.
|
Slide Number 9
Spoken Tutorial workshops
|
We conduct workshops using spoken tutorials and give certificates.
Please write to us.
|
Slide Number 10
Forum for specific questions:
|
Post your timed queries in the forum.
|
Slide Number 11
Acknowledgement
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Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.
|
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This is Rani from IIT, Bombay. Thank you for joining.
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