Difference between revisions of "C-and-C++/C2/Arithmetic-Operators/English"

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|-
 
|-
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 1
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 1
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Arithmetic Operators in C '''
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Arithmetic Operators in C ''' and
  
 
'''C++'''.
 
'''C++'''.
Line 24: Line 24:
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In this tutorial, we will learn:
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In this tutorial, we will learn:
  
Arithmetic operators
+
Arithmetic operators like
  
 
+ Addition: eg. a+b.
 
+ Addition: eg. a+b.
Line 33: Line 33:
  
 
<nowiki>* </nowiki>Multiplication: eg. a*b.
 
<nowiki>* </nowiki>Multiplication: eg. a*b.
 +
and
  
 
% Modulus: eg. a%b.
 
% Modulus: eg. a%b.
Line 69: Line 70:
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here is the C program for arithmetic operators.
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here is the C program for arithmetic operators.
  
In the first four statements the variables are declared and defined.
+
In the first two statements the variables are declared and defined.
  
 
In the next two statements,
 
In the next two statements,
  
 
'''a''' is assigned the value of 5.
 
'''a''' is assigned the value of 5.
 
+
and
 
'''b''' is assigned the value of 2.
 
'''b''' is assigned the value of 2.
  
Line 96: Line 97:
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This '''printf''' statement displays the sum of a and b on the screen.
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This '''printf''' statement displays the sum of a and b on the screen.
  
Here %.2f provides the precision of two digits after the decimal point.
+
Here %.2f provides a precision of two digits after the decimal point.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 121: Line 122:
  
 
'''<nowiki>*/</nowiki>'''
 
'''<nowiki>*/</nowiki>'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now let us comment these lines
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We will comment out the following lines
  
 
Type  
 
Type  
Line 131: Line 132:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on '''Save'''
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on '''Save'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on '''Save''' to save the program.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on '''Save'''
  
 
Save the file with extension '''.c'''
 
Save the file with extension '''.c'''
  
I have saved the file as''' arithmetic.c'''
+
I have saved my file as''' arithmetic.c'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 145: Line 146:
  
  
'''gcc incr.c -o incr'''  
+
'''gcc space arithmetic.c space -o space arith'''  
  
 
Type
 
Type
 +
'''./arith'''
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To compile the code, type the following on the terminal
  
'''./incr'''
+
'''gcc space arithmetic.c space -o space arith'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To compile, type the following on the terminal
+
 
+
'''gcc arithmetic.c -o arith'''
+
  
 
'''Press Enter'''
 
'''Press Enter'''
Line 170: Line 170:
 
It shows,
 
It shows,
  
Sum of a and b is 7.00 and
+
'''Sum of 5 and 2 is 7.00'''
  
Product of a and b is 10.00
+
and
 +
 
 +
'''Product of 5 and 2 is 10.00'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Assignment
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Assignment
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now you should try the subtraction operator on your own  
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now you should try the subtraction operator on your own.
  
 
Try replacing the addition operator with subtraction operator.  
 
Try replacing the addition operator with subtraction operator.  
Line 194: Line 196:
 
Now, I will explain the code for division.
 
Now, I will explain the code for division.
  
Remove the multi line comments from here and here.
+
Remove the multi line comments here and here.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 203: Line 205:
  
  
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In these statements, '''c''' holds the value of integer division of '''a''' and '''b'''.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In these statements, '''c''' holds the value of integer division of '''a''' by '''b'''.
  
 
Please note that in integer division the fractional part is truncated.
 
Please note that in integer division the fractional part is truncated.
Line 219: Line 221:
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In this statement we are performing real division.
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In this statement we are performing real division.
  
Here one of the operands has to be cast as '''float'''
+
Here one of the operands has to be cast as '''float'''.
 
+
The printf statement displays the output of real division on the screen.
+
 
+
For real division, one of the operands has to be cast as float.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 231: Line 229:
  
 
'''is %.2f\n",c);'''
 
'''is %.2f\n",c);'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We have type-cast variable a.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We have type-cast variable''' a'''.
  
Now a will behave as a float varibale for a single operation.
+
Now '''a''' will behave as a '''float''' variable for a single operation.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Highlight
 +
 
 +
'''printf"
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The''' printf statement''' displays the output of real division on the screen.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 243: Line 247:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on '''Save'''
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on '''Save'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on '''Save.'''
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now Click on '''Save.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 253: Line 257:
  
  
'''gcc incr.c -o incr'''  
+
'''gcc arithmetic.c -o arith'''
  
 
Type
 
Type
  
'''./incr'''
+
'''./arith'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To compile, type the following on the terminal
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To compile, type
  
'''gcc arithmetic.c -o arith'''
+
'''gcc space arithmetic.c space -o space arith'''
 +
 
 +
'''Press Enter'''
  
 
To execute the code, type
 
To execute the code, type
  
 
'''./arith'''
 
'''./arith'''
 +
'''Press Enter'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 272: Line 279:
 
We have the previous outputs of addition and multiplication operators.
 
We have the previous outputs of addition and multiplication operators.
  
Addition of a and b is 7.00
+
We have the '''Integer Division of 5 by 2 is 2.00'''
 
+
Multiplication of a and b is 10.00
+
 
+
We have the Integer Division of 5 and 2 is 2.00  
+
  
 
We can see that in integer division the fractional part is truncated.
 
We can see that in integer division the fractional part is truncated.
  
Then we have the Real Division of 5 and 2 is 2.50  
+
Then we have the '''Real Division of 5 and 2 is 2.50'''
  
 
In real division the result is as expected.
 
In real division the result is as expected.
Line 290: Line 293:
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now suppose, I want to write the same program in C++.
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now suppose, I want to write the same program in C++.
  
Let see can we use the same code in C++, too?
+
Let see if I can use the same code in C++, too.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 300: Line 303:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on the C++ file in the editor
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on the C++ file in the editor
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here is a C++ file with the necessary code.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here we have the C++ code.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 372: Line 375:
  
 
'''g++ arithmetic.cpp -o arithmetic'''
 
'''g++ arithmetic.cpp -o arithmetic'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let's execute the code and seewhat results we get.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let's execute the code and see what results we get.
  
Open the terminal and type  
+
Open the '''terminal''' and type  
  
'''g++ arithmetic.cpp -o arith'''
+
'''g++ space arithmetic.cpp space -o space arith'''
  
'''Press Enter'''
+
Press '''Enter'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 384: Line 387:
  
 
'''./ arithmetic'''
 
'''./ arithmetic'''
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let's execute this code and see what results we get.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To execute the code, type
  
Type
+
'''./arith'''
 
+
Press '''Enter'''.
'''./ arith'''
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|  
 
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|  
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here the output is displayed:
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Here the output is displayed.  
 
+
Addition of a and b is 7.00
+
 
+
Multiplication of a and b is 10.00
+
 
+
Integer Division of a and b is 2.00
+
 
+
Real Division of a and b is 2.50
+
  
So, we see that the results are identical.
+
So, we see that the results are similar to the C program.
  
 
The only difference is in the precisions of outputs.
 
The only difference is in the precisions of outputs.
Line 429: Line 423:
 
'''About the Spoken Tutorial Project'''  
 
'''About the Spoken Tutorial Project'''  
  
* Watch the video available at [http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial]  
+
* Watch the video available at the following link [http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial]  
  
 
* It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project  
 
* It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project  

Latest revision as of 16:00, 5 February 2014

Title of script: Arithmetic Operators in C and C++

Author: Ritwik Joshi

Keywords: Arithmetic Operators, Video Tutorial


Visual Cue
Narration
Slide 1 Welcome to the spoken tutorial on Arithmetic Operators in C and

C++.

Slide 2


In this tutorial, we will learn:

Arithmetic operators like

+ Addition: eg. a+b.

- Subtraction: eg. a-b.

/ Division: eg. a/b.

* Multiplication: eg. a*b. and

% Modulus: eg. a%b.

Slide 3


To record this tutorial, I am using:

Ubuntu 11.10 as the operating system and

gcc and g++ Compiler version 4.6.1 in Ubuntu.

I will now demonstrate the use of these arithmetic operations with the help of a C program.
Switch to the file arithmetic.c in gedit I have already written the program.

So I will open the editor and explain the code.

Highlight

int a,b;

float c;

a=5;

b=2;

Here is the C program for arithmetic operators.

In the first two statements the variables are declared and defined.

In the next two statements,

a is assigned the value of 5. and b is assigned the value of 2.

Highlight

c=a+b;


Now let's see how the addition operator works.

c holds the sum of a and b.

Highlight

printf("Addition of a and

b is %.2f\n",c);

This printf statement displays the sum of a and b on the screen.

Here %.2f provides a precision of two digits after the decimal point.

Highlight

c=a*b;

In the next statement, c holds the product of a and b.
Highlight

printf("Multiplication of a and

b is %.2f\n",c);

This printf statement displays the product of a and b on the screen.

Let's see how these two operators work.

Type

/*


*/

We will comment out the following lines

Type

/*

*/

Click on Save Click on Save

Save the file with extension .c

I have saved my file as arithmetic.c

press Ctrl, Alt and T keys simultaneously. Open the terminal window by pressing Ctrl, Alt and T keys simultaneously.
Type


gcc space arithmetic.c space -o space arith

Type ./arith

To compile the code, type the following on the terminal

gcc space arithmetic.c space -o space arith

Press Enter

To execute the code, type

./arith

press Enter
Output The output is displayed on the screen.

It shows,

Sum of 5 and 2 is 7.00

and

Product of 5 and 2 is 10.00

Assignment Now you should try the subtraction operator on your own.

Try replacing the addition operator with subtraction operator.

You should get the result as 3.

Switch back to the editor


Delete /* and */


Coming back to the program and the last set of statements.

Now, I will explain the code for division.

Remove the multi line comments here and here.

Highlight

c=a/b;


In these statements, c holds the value of integer division of a by b.

Please note that in integer division the fractional part is truncated.

Highlight

printf("Integer Division of a and b is %.2f\n", c);

The printf statement displays the division output on the screen.
Highlight

c=(float)a/b;

In this statement we are performing real division.

Here one of the operands has to be cast as float.

Highlight

printf("Real Division of a and b

is %.2f\n",c);

We have type-cast variable a.

Now a will behave as a float variable for a single operation.

Highlight

printf"

The printf statement displays the output of real division on the screen.
return 0;

}

Type return 0 and close the ending curly bracket.
Click on Save Now Click on Save.
Switch back to the terminal. Coming back to the terminal to compile and execute the code.
Type


gcc arithmetic.c -o arith

Type

./arith

To compile, type

gcc space arithmetic.c space -o space arith

Press Enter

To execute the code, type

./arith Press Enter

Output The output is displayed on the screen:

We have the previous outputs of addition and multiplication operators.

We have the Integer Division of 5 by 2 is 2.00

We can see that in integer division the fractional part is truncated.

Then we have the Real Division of 5 and 2 is 2.50

In real division the result is as expected.

We used type-casting to obtain these result.

Now suppose, I want to write the same program in C++.

Let see if I can use the same code in C++, too.

Switch back to the editor Let's find out.

Let me go back to the editor.

Click on the C++ file in the editor Here we have the C++ code.
// Arithmetic Operators in C++

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

Notice that the header is different from the C file header.

namespace is also used here.

int main()

{

int a,b;

float c;

a=5;

b=2;

c=a+b;

cout <<"Addition of a and b is "

<<c <<"\n";

c=a*b;

cout <<"Multiplication of a and

b is " <<c <<"\n";

c=a/b;

cout <<"Integer Division of a

and b is " <<c <<"\n";

c=(float)a/b;

cout <<"Real Division of a and

b is " <<c <<"\n";

return 0;

}

Also, notice that the output statement in C++ is cout.
So, apart from these differences, the two codes are very similar.
Click on Save.

point to .cpp

Click on Save.

Make sure the file is saved with the extension .cpp

I have saved my file as arithmetic.cpp

On the terminal type

g++ arithmetic.cpp -o arithmetic

Let's execute the code and see what results we get.

Open the terminal and type

g++ space arithmetic.cpp space -o space arith

Press Enter.

On the terminal type

./ arithmetic

To execute the code, type

./arith Press Enter.

Here the output is displayed.

So, we see that the results are similar to the C program.

The only difference is in the precisions of outputs.

Summary: Let us now summarize the tutorial.

In this tutorial we learnt how to use the arithmetic operators.

Assignment: As an assignment:

Write a program to demonstrate the use of modulus operator.

Please note that Modulus operator finds the remainder of division.

eg. c = a % b;

You should obtain the result as 1.

Slide 4

About the Spoken Tutorial Project

  • It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project
  • If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it


* Watch the video available at the following link
  • It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project
  • If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it


Slide 5

Spoken Tutorial Workshops

The Spoken Tutorial Project Team

  • Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials
  • Gives certificates for those who pass an online test
  • For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org


The Spoken Tutorial Project Team * Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials
  • Gives certificates for those who pass an online test
  • For more details, please write to contact at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org


Slide 6

Acknowledgement

  • Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project
  • It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India
  • More information on this Mission is available at
  • http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro


Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project
  • It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India
    More information on this Mission is available at
  • spoken hyphen tutorial dot org slash NMEICT hyphen Intro


Remain on previous slide

No slide for this part

This is Ritwik Joshi from IIT Bombay.

Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Ashwini, Nancyvarkey