Difference between revisions of "KTurtle/C2/Introduction-to-KTurtle/English"
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| + | Title of the tutorial: Introduction-to-KTurtle | ||
| + | |||
| + | Author: ITfC Bangaluru | ||
| + | |||
| + | Key words: KTurtle Window, Editor, Canvas, Menu Bar, Toolbar, TurtleScript, Turtle, Full speed(No highlighting and inspector), Full speed, Slow, Slower, Slowest and Step-by-Step, Abort, pause, Video tutorial. | ||
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{|border =1 | {|border =1 | ||
!Visual Cue | !Visual Cue | ||
| Line 7: | Line 13: | ||
'''Title slide''' | '''Title slide''' | ||
||Hello everybody. | ||Hello everybody. | ||
| + | |||
Welcome to this tutorial on '''Introduction to KTurtle.''' | Welcome to this tutorial on '''Introduction to KTurtle.''' | ||
| Line 16: | Line 23: | ||
||In this tutorial, we will learn about | ||In this tutorial, we will learn about | ||
| − | * KTurtle Window | + | * KTurtle Window |
* Editor | * Editor | ||
| Line 24: | Line 31: | ||
* Menu Bar | * Menu Bar | ||
| − | *Toolbar | + | * Toolbar |
We will also learn about, | We will also learn about, | ||
| − | * Moving the Turtle | + | * Moving the '''Turtle''' |
| − | * Drawing lines and changing directions | + | * Drawing '''lines and changing directions''' |
| − | * Draw a triangle | + | * Draw a '''triangle''' |
|- | |- | ||
||'''Slide Number 3''' | ||'''Slide Number 3''' | ||
| Line 44: | Line 51: | ||
|- | |- | ||
||Slide Number 4 | ||Slide Number 4 | ||
| + | |||
What is KTurtle? | What is KTurtle? | ||
||What is KTurtle? | ||What is KTurtle? | ||
| Line 51: | Line 59: | ||
It is useful for '''computer aided interactive learning''' | It is useful for '''computer aided interactive learning''' | ||
| − | KTurtle is available for download at | + | '''KTurtle''' is available for download at |
| − | http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/ | + | '''http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/''' |
|- | |- | ||
||Slide Number 5 | ||Slide Number 5 | ||
| + | |||
Utilities of KTurtle | Utilities of KTurtle | ||
||KTurtle | ||KTurtle | ||
| − | * Makes programming '''easy and accessible .''' | + | * Makes programming '''easy''' and '''accessible .''' |
* Helps teach kids '''basics of mathematics.''' | * Helps teach kids '''basics of mathematics.''' | ||
| − | *Translates commands to '''speaking language''' of the programmer | + | * Translates commands to '''speaking language''' of the programmer |
| − | *Translates commands into '''visuals.''' | + | * Translates commands into '''visuals.''' |
|- | |- | ||
||Slide Number 6 | ||Slide Number 6 | ||
| Line 81: | Line 90: | ||
Dash home >>In the Search bar>> | Dash home >>In the Search bar>> | ||
| − | Type KTurtle Click on the KTurtle icon. | + | Type KTurtle Click on the KTurtle icon. |
||Let's open a new '''KTurtle''' Application. | ||Let's open a new '''KTurtle''' Application. | ||
| − | Click on Dash home. | + | Click on '''Dash home'''. |
In the Search bar, type '''KTurtle.''' | In the Search bar, type '''KTurtle.''' | ||
| Line 96: | Line 105: | ||
||A typical KTurtle window looks like this. | ||A typical KTurtle window looks like this. | ||
| − | This is the | + | This is the '''Menubar'''. |
In the menu bar on the top, | In the menu bar on the top, | ||
| Line 102: | Line 111: | ||
You will find menu items | You will find menu items | ||
| − | File, Edit, Canvas, Run, Tools, Settings and help options | + | '''File, Edit, Canvas, Run, Tools, Settings''' and '''help''' options |
|- | |- | ||
||Tool bar | ||Tool bar | ||
| − | ||In the tool bar, you can reach for | + | ||In the tool bar, you can reach for most of the actions used. |
|- | |- | ||
||Editor | ||Editor | ||
| − | ||Editor is on the left, where you can type the TurtleScript commands. | + | ||'''Editor''' is on the left, where you can type the '''TurtleScript''' commands. |
| − | Most of the functions of the editor can be found in the File and Edit menus. | + | Most of the functions of the editor can be found in the '''File''' and '''Edit''' menus. |
|- | |- | ||
||How to write code in the editor | ||How to write code in the editor | ||
| Line 117: | Line 126: | ||
Easiest way is to use an example. | Easiest way is to use an example. | ||
| − | Go to File menu > select | + | Go to '''File''' menu > select '''Examples''' |
| − | Here I will select a flower | + | Here I will select a '''flower''' |
Code of the selected example opens in the editor. | Code of the selected example opens in the editor. | ||
| − | Click on | + | Click on the '''Run''' button from '''Menu bar''' or ''' Tool bar''' to run the code. |
Another way is to directly type your own code in the editor | Another way is to directly type your own code in the editor | ||
| Line 129: | Line 138: | ||
or copy/paste some code in the editor | or copy/paste some code in the editor | ||
| − | for example: from other KTurtle files | + | for example: from other '''KTurtle''' files |
|- | |- | ||
||Show the Canvas | ||Show the Canvas | ||
| − | ||Canvas is on the right, where Turtle makes your drawings. | + | ||Canvas is on the right, where '''Turtle''' makes your drawings. |
| − | Turtle draws accordingly to the commands it gets from the editor on the canvas | + | '''Turtle''' draws accordingly to the commands it gets from the editor on the canvas |
|- | |- | ||
||Run options. | ||Run options. | ||
| − | ||Run option on the tool bar starts | + | ||'''Run''' option on the tool bar starts ''' execution''' of the commands in the editor. |
It presents a list of execution speeds. | It presents a list of execution speeds. | ||
| − | Full speed(No highlighting and inspector), | + | '''Full speed(No highlighting and inspector),''' |
| − | Full speed, | + | '''Full speed,''' |
| − | + | '''Slow,''' | |
| − | + | '''Slower,''' | |
| − | + | '''Slowest''' and | |
| − | + | '''Step-by-Step''' | |
| − | Abort and pause options allow you to stop and pause the executions respectively. | + | '''Abort''' and '''pause''' options allow you to stop and pause the executions respectively. |
|- | |- | ||
|| | || | ||
| − | ||Let's now Run this code . | + | ||Let's now '''Run''' this code . |
| − | Turtle draws a flower on the canvas. | + | |
| + | '''Turtle''' draws a '''flower''' on the canvas. | ||
|- | |- | ||
||Show position of the Turtle | ||Show position of the Turtle | ||
| − | ||When you open a new KTurtle application. | + | ||When you open a new '''KTurtle''' application. |
| − | Turtle is in the middle of the canvas by default. | + | '''Turtle''' is in the middle of the canvas by '''default.''' |
| − | Let's now move the Turtle. | + | Let's now move the '''Turtle.''' |
| − | Turtle can do three types of moves: | + | '''Turtle''' can do three types of moves: |
| − | + | It can move forwards. It can move backwards | |
| − | + | It can turn left or right. | |
| − | + | It can also jump directly to a position on the screen. | |
|- | |- | ||
||Zoom text | ||Zoom text | ||
||Let me zoom into the program text it may possibly be a little blurred. | ||Let me zoom into the program text it may possibly be a little blurred. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | ||Type | + | ||Type code in the editor |
'''reset''' | '''reset''' | ||
| Line 193: | Line 203: | ||
'''turnleft 120''' | '''turnleft 120''' | ||
||Let us go through a simple example. | ||Let us go through a simple example. | ||
| + | |||
In your editor, type the following commands: | In your editor, type the following commands: | ||
| Line 212: | Line 223: | ||
||Note that the color of the code changes as we type . | ||Note that the color of the code changes as we type . | ||
| − | This feature is called | + | This feature is called '''highlighting.''' |
Different types of commands are highlighted differently, | Different types of commands are highlighted differently, | ||
| − | which makes it easier to read large blocks of code. | + | which makes it easier to read '''large blocks''' of code. |
|- | |- | ||
|| | || | ||
| Line 226: | Line 237: | ||
'''forward 100''' commands Turtle to move forward by '''100 pixels.''' | '''forward 100''' commands Turtle to move forward by '''100 pixels.''' | ||
| − | '''turnright 120''' commands Turtle to turn, '''120 degrees anti-clockwise'''. | + | '''turnright 120''' commands '''Turtle''' to turn, '''120 degrees anti-clockwise'''. |
Note that these two commands are repeated thrice to draw a triangle. | Note that these two commands are repeated thrice to draw a triangle. | ||
| Line 233: | Line 244: | ||
||Let's now execute the code. | ||Let's now execute the code. | ||
| − | I will choose | + | I will choose ''' Slow''' step so that we understand what commands are being executed. |
Here the triangle is drawn. | Here the triangle is drawn. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | “repeat” command | + | ||“repeat” command |
||Let's look at another example and also learn how to beautify our canvas. | ||Let's look at another example and also learn how to beautify our canvas. | ||
| − | Let's draw a triangle using | + | Let's draw a triangle using ''' repeat''' command. |
I will clear the current program. | I will clear the current program. | ||
| Line 248: | Line 259: | ||
|- | |- | ||
||'''reset''' | ||'''reset''' | ||
| + | |||
'''canvassize 200,200''' | '''canvassize 200,200''' | ||
| Line 285: | Line 297: | ||
|- | |- | ||
||Highlight reset | ||Highlight reset | ||
| − | ||reset command sets Turtle to its default position. | + | ||'''reset''' command sets '''Turtle''' to its '''default''' position. |
|- | |- | ||
||Highlight canvassize 200,200 | ||Highlight canvassize 200,200 | ||
| − | ||canvassize 200,200 sets the canvas width and height to 200 pixels. | + | ||'''canvassize 200,200''' sets the canvas width and height to 200 pixels. |
|- | |- | ||
||Highlight canvascolor 0,255,0 | ||Highlight canvascolor 0,255,0 | ||
| − | ||canvascolor 0,255,0 makes the canvas green. | + | ||'''canvascolor 0,255,0''' makes the canvas ''' green.''' |
| − | 0,255,0 is a RGB Combination where only | + | '''0,255,0''' is a '''RGB''' Combination where only the green value is set to '''255''' |
| − | and the others are set to 0. | + | and the others are set to '''0'''. |
| − | This makes the canvas | + | This makes the canvas '''green''' in color. |
|- | |- | ||
||Highlight pencolor 0,0,255 | ||Highlight pencolor 0,0,255 | ||
| − | ||pencolor 0,0,255 sets the color of pen to blue. | + | ||'''pencolor 0,0,255''' sets the color of pen to blue. |
| − | RGB combination where blue value is set to 255. | + | '''RGB''' combination where blue value is set to '''255.''' |
|- | |- | ||
||Highlight penwidth 2 | ||Highlight penwidth 2 | ||
| − | ||penwidth 2 sets | + | ||'''penwidth 2''' sets the width of the pen to 2 ''' pixels'''. |
|- | |- | ||
||Highlight repeat | ||Highlight repeat | ||
| Line 314: | Line 326: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || | ||
| − | Highlight forward 100 and turnleft 120 | + | Highlight '''forward 100''' and '''turnleft 120''' |
| − | ||Here the commands forward 100 and turnleft 120 are within curly brackets. | + | ||Here the commands '''forward 100''' and '''turnleft 120''' are within curly brackets. |
| − | '''repeat''' command is followed by the number 3, because a triangle has 3 sides. | + | '''repeat''' command is followed by the number '''3''', because a triangle has 3 sides. |
| − | These commands are run 3 times in a loop. | + | These commands are run 3 times in a '''loop'''. |
3 sides of the triangle are drawn. | 3 sides of the triangle are drawn. | ||
|- | |- | ||
||Run the program | ||Run the program | ||
| − | ||Let's | + | ||Let's Run the code now |
| − | I will select slow option for execution of the program. | + | I will select '''slow''' option for execution of the program. |
| − | The canvas color becomes green and the Turtle draws a triangle. | + | The canvas color becomes '''green''' and the''' Turtle''' draws a triangle. |
|- | |- | ||
||Save file | ||Save file | ||
||Let's now save the file. | ||Let's now save the file. | ||
| − | Select File menu > Save As | + | Select '''File''' menu > '''Save As ''' |
| − | Save As | + | '''Save As''' dialog box opens. |
| − | I will select | + | I will select '''Document''' folder for saving the file. |
| − | I will type the file name as | + | I will type the file name as '''Triangle''' and click on '''Save''' button. |
| − | Notice that the name of the file appears in the top panel and it is saved as a | + | Notice that the name of the file appears in the '''top panel''' and it is saved as a dot turtle file like all '''Turtle''' files. |
|- | |- | ||
|| | || | ||
| Line 351: | Line 363: | ||
Summary | Summary | ||
| − | ||In this tutorial, we | + | ||In this tutorial, we have learnt about, |
| − | KTurtle's editor, canvas, menubar and toolbar | + | KTurtle's '''editor, canvas, menubar''' and toolbar |
* Move Turtle | * Move Turtle | ||
| − | * Draw lines and change directions | + | * Draw '''lines and change directions ''' |
| − | * Draw a triangle | + | * Draw a '''triangle''' |
|- | |- | ||
||Switch to Slide 5 | ||Switch to Slide 5 | ||
| Line 367: | Line 379: | ||
ASSIGNMENT | ASSIGNMENT | ||
| − | As an assignment I would like you to draw a square. | + | As an assignment I would like you to draw a '''square.''' |
by using the commands. | by using the commands. | ||
| − | '''forward, backward, turnleft, turnright''' and '''repeat''' | + | * '''forward, backward, turnleft, turnright''' and '''repeat''' |
| − | Set '''background color''', '''penwidth''' and pencolor of your choice | + | * Set '''background color''', '''penwidth''' and '''pencolor''' of your choice |
| − | Change values in the RGB combination | + | * Change values in the ''' RGB''' combination |
|- | |- | ||
||Slide number 11 | ||Slide number 11 | ||
| Line 396: | Line 408: | ||
For more details, please write to | For more details, please write to | ||
| − | contact@spoken-tutorial.org | + | '''contact@spoken-tutorial.org''' |
|- | |- | ||
| − | Slide number 13 | + | ||Slide number 13 |
||Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project | ||Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project | ||
| Line 405: | Line 417: | ||
through ICT, MHRD, Government of India | through ICT, MHRD, Government of India | ||
| − | More information on this Mission is available at this link http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ] | + | More information on this Mission is available at this link |
| + | |||
| + | '''http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ] ''' | ||
| − | The script is contributed by IT for Change Bangaluru. | + | The script is contributed by '''IT for Change Bangaluru'''. |
| − | This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay signing off. | + | This is Madhuri Ganpathi from '''IIT Bombay''' signing off. |
Thank you for joining. | Thank you for joining. | ||
|- | |- | ||
Latest revision as of 15:33, 18 December 2013
Title of the tutorial: Introduction-to-KTurtle
Author: ITfC Bangaluru
Key words: KTurtle Window, Editor, Canvas, Menu Bar, Toolbar, TurtleScript, Turtle, Full speed(No highlighting and inspector), Full speed, Slow, Slower, Slowest and Step-by-Step, Abort, pause, Video tutorial.
| Visual Cue | Narration |
|---|---|
| Slide Number 1
Title slide |
Hello everybody.
Welcome to this tutorial on Introduction to KTurtle. In this tutorial I will introduce you to the basics of getting started with KTurtle. |
| Slide number2
Learning objectives |
In this tutorial, we will learn about
We will also learn about,
|
| Slide Number 3
System Requirement |
To record this tutorial I am using
Ubuntu Linux OS version. 12.04. KTurtle version. 0.8.1 beta. |
| Slide Number 4
What is KTurtle? |
What is KTurtle?
KTurtle is a free tool to learn basic programming. It is useful for computer aided interactive learning KTurtle is available for download at |
| Slide Number 5
Utilities of KTurtle |
KTurtle
|
| Slide Number 6
Install KTurtle |
* We can install KTurtle using Synaptic Package Manager .
|
| Switch to KTurtle Application
Dash home >>In the Search bar>> Type KTurtle Click on the KTurtle icon. |
Let's open a new KTurtle Application.
Click on Dash home. In the Search bar, type KTurtle. And Click on the KTurtle icon. |
|
Switch to KTurtle Application Move the mouse over the window |
A typical KTurtle window looks like this.
This is the Menubar. In the menu bar on the top, You will find menu items File, Edit, Canvas, Run, Tools, Settings and help options |
| Tool bar | In the tool bar, you can reach for most of the actions used. |
| Editor | Editor is on the left, where you can type the TurtleScript commands.
Most of the functions of the editor can be found in the File and Edit menus. |
| How to write code in the editor | There are several ways to enter the code in the editor.
Easiest way is to use an example. Go to File menu > select Examples Here I will select a flower Code of the selected example opens in the editor. Click on the Run button from Menu bar or Tool bar to run the code. Another way is to directly type your own code in the editor or copy/paste some code in the editor for example: from other KTurtle files |
| Show the Canvas | Canvas is on the right, where Turtle makes your drawings.
Turtle draws accordingly to the commands it gets from the editor on the canvas |
| Run options. | Run option on the tool bar starts execution of the commands in the editor.
It presents a list of execution speeds. Full speed(No highlighting and inspector), Full speed, Slow, Slower, Slowest and Step-by-Step Abort and pause options allow you to stop and pause the executions respectively. |
| Let's now Run this code .
Turtle draws a flower on the canvas. | |
| Show position of the Turtle | When you open a new KTurtle application.
Turtle is in the middle of the canvas by default. Let's now move the Turtle. Turtle can do three types of moves: It can move forwards. It can move backwards It can turn left or right. It can also jump directly to a position on the screen. |
| Zoom text | Let me zoom into the program text it may possibly be a little blurred. |
| Type code in the editor
reset forward 100 turnleft 120 forward 100 turnleft 120 forward 100 turnleft 120 |
Let us go through a simple example.
In your editor, type the following commands: reset forward 100 turnright 120 forward 100 turnright 120 forward 100 turnright 120 |
| Highlighting | Note that the color of the code changes as we type .
This feature is called highlighting. Different types of commands are highlighted differently, which makes it easier to read large blocks of code. |
| I will explain the code now. | |
| Explanation of code | reset command sets Turtle to default position.
forward 100 commands Turtle to move forward by 100 pixels. turnright 120 commands Turtle to turn, 120 degrees anti-clockwise. Note that these two commands are repeated thrice to draw a triangle. |
| Run the code | Let's now execute the code.
I will choose Slow step so that we understand what commands are being executed. Here the triangle is drawn. |
| “repeat” command | Let's look at another example and also learn how to beautify our canvas.
Let's draw a triangle using repeat command. I will clear the current program. |
| Zoom text | Let me zoom into the program text to have a clear view. |
| reset
canvassize 200,200 canvascolor 0,255,0 pencolor 0,0,255 penwidth 2 repeat 3 { forward 100 turnleft 120 } |
Type the following commands into your editor:
reset canvassize space 200,200 canvascolor space 0,255,0 pencolor space 0,0,255 penwidth space 2 repeat space 3 within curly braces { forward 100 turnleft 120 } |
| Let me now explain the code. | |
| Highlight reset | reset command sets Turtle to its default position. |
| Highlight canvassize 200,200 | canvassize 200,200 sets the canvas width and height to 200 pixels. |
| Highlight canvascolor 0,255,0 | canvascolor 0,255,0 makes the canvas green.
0,255,0 is a RGB Combination where only the green value is set to 255 and the others are set to 0. This makes the canvas green in color. |
| Highlight pencolor 0,0,255 | pencolor 0,0,255 sets the color of pen to blue.
RGB combination where blue value is set to 255. |
| Highlight penwidth 2 | penwidth 2 sets the width of the pen to 2 pixels. |
| Highlight repeat | repeat command is followed by a number
and a list of commands within curly brackets. This repeats the commands within the curly brackets the specified number of times. |
|
Highlight forward 100 and turnleft 120 |
Here the commands forward 100 and turnleft 120 are within curly brackets.
repeat command is followed by the number 3, because a triangle has 3 sides. These commands are run 3 times in a loop. 3 sides of the triangle are drawn. |
| Run the program | Let's Run the code now
I will select slow option for execution of the program. The canvas color becomes green and the Turtle draws a triangle. |
| Save file | Let's now save the file.
Select File menu > Save As Save As dialog box opens. I will select Document folder for saving the file. I will type the file name as Triangle and click on Save button. Notice that the name of the file appears in the top panel and it is saved as a dot turtle file like all Turtle files. |
| With this we come to the end of this tutorial.
Let's summarize. | |
| Slide Number
Summary |
In this tutorial, we have learnt about,
KTurtle's editor, canvas, menubar and toolbar
|
| Switch to Slide 5
Assignment |
ASSIGNMENT As an assignment I would like you to draw a square. by using the commands.
|
| Slide number 11
Acknowledgement |
Watch the video available at this URL
http://spoken-tutorial.org/What is a Spoken Tutorial It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it |
| Slide Number 12 | The Spoken Tutorial Project Team :
Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials Gives certificates to those who pass an online test For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org |
| Slide number 13 | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project
It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India More information on this Mission is available at this link http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ] The script is contributed by IT for Change Bangaluru. This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay signing off. Thank you for joining. |
