Difference between revisions of "Drupal/C3/Menu-and-Endpoints/English-timed"
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| − | | In this tutorial, we will learn to set up '''URL | + | | In this tutorial, we will learn to set up '''URL''' patterns. We will also learn about Menu management. |
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| 00:15 | | 00:15 | ||
| To record this tutorial, I am using | | To record this tutorial, I am using | ||
| − | + | '''Ubuntu Linux''' Operating System | |
| − | + | '''Drupal''' 8 and | |
| − | + | '''Firefox''' Web browser. | |
You can use any web browser as per your choice. | You can use any web browser as per your choice. | ||
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|00:53 | |00:53 | ||
| − | |Sending this to a server will display the contents of the node. A number in the '''ID''' is not human readable | + | |Sending this to a server will display the contents of the node. A number in the '''ID''' is not human readable |
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| 01:02 | | 01:02 | ||
| − | | | + | | that is, we cannot easily associate a particular content with say, '''node/278162''' |
A human readable '''endpoint''' is available by creating an '''alias'''. | A human readable '''endpoint''' is available by creating an '''alias'''. | ||
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|01:19 | |01:19 | ||
| − | |'''Alias''' is an alternate '''URL path''' for the same content. We can use either the original or any one of several aliases | + | |'''Alias''' is an alternate '''URL path''' for the same content. We can use either the original or any one of several aliases for displaying the same content. |
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|02:27 | |02:27 | ||
| − | |Install '''Token''' and '''CTools'''. Once you have installed these | + | |Install '''Token''' and '''CTools'''. Once you have installed these modules, turn them on. |
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|03:05 | |03:05 | ||
| − | | Click on the '''Pattern type''' drop down. | + | | Click on the '''Pattern type''' drop-down. |
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| 03:36 | | 03:36 | ||
| − | | '''Token module''' provides these variables. When you see '''Browse available tokens''' in any input '''form''', you can insert | + | | '''Token module''' provides these variables. When you see '''Browse available tokens''' in any input '''form''', you can insert predefined '''tokens'''. |
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|03:55 | |03:55 | ||
| − | |Type | + | |Type "content/". Then click on the '''Browse available tokens''' link. |
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| 05:45 | | 05:45 | ||
| − | | To apply it for the existing contents, click on the '''Bulk generate''' tab. Select '''Content | + | | To apply it for the existing contents, click on the '''Bulk generate''' tab. Select '''Content''' type and click on the '''Update''' button. |
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| 06:30 | | 06:30 | ||
| − | | We can see that all the | + | | We can see that all the aliases follow the same''' pattern.''' You have to do this each time you create a new''' Content type.''' |
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| 06:41 | | 06:41 | ||
| − | | Use the following thumb rules to create | + | | Use the following thumb rules to create patterns- |
| − | + | Use lower case words | |
| − | + | Do not give space between words. | |
| − | + | ||
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|06:52 | |06:52 | ||
| − | | | + | | Separate words by hyphen and not underscore |
| − | + | Use meaningful, human readable words in the '''URL''' for '''search engine optimization (SEO)''' | |
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|07:07 | |07:07 | ||
| − | | | + | | Use '''date tokens''' for contents classified by time. |
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| 07:12 | | 07:12 | ||
| There are more options available to control the '''URL alias''' pattern in the '''Settings''' tab. | | There are more options available to control the '''URL alias''' pattern in the '''Settings''' tab. | ||
| − | Here we can see default '''Separator, length''' etc. | + | Here we can see the default '''Separator, length''' etc. |
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| 07:38 | | 07:38 | ||
| To summarize - | | To summarize - | ||
| − | '''Pathauto''' and''' Token modules''' allow us to | + | '''Pathauto''' and''' Token modules''' allow us to set up''' URL patterns''', |
| − | + | ||
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|07:46 | |07:46 | ||
| − | |'''delete | + | |'''delete aliases''' and '''bulk generate aliases''' at any time. |
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| 07:52 | | 07:52 | ||
| − | | From now onwards, every new node will use the | + | | From now onwards, every new node will use the patterns that we have established. |
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| 08:03 | | 08:03 | ||
| − | | We have been adding menus to our site, in a random order, mostly based on the''' Views''' and basic | + | | We have been adding menus to our site, in a random order, mostly based on the''' Views''' and basic '''page'''s. |
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| 08:31 | | 08:31 | ||
| − | | We are interested in the''' Main navigation | + | | We are interested in the''' Main navigation''' menu. So, click on''' Edit menu.''' |
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|09:07 | |09:07 | ||
| − | |This will create a | + | |This will create a sub menu. |
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| 09:19 | | 09:19 | ||
| − | | Where did our'' | + | | Where did our 'Event' sub-menu go? |
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| 09:23 | | 09:23 | ||
| − | | Please remember, not all | + | | Please remember, not all themes in Drupal support sub-menus or drop-down menus. ''''Bartick theme''' is one of them. |
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| 09:32 | | 09:32 | ||
| − | | For now, go back to''' Structure | + | | For now, go back to''' Structure > Menus''' and edit the''' Main menu.''' |
Drag '''Upcoming Event''' back over here and click''' Save.''' | Drag '''Upcoming Event''' back over here and click''' Save.''' | ||
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| 09:44 | | 09:44 | ||
| − | | What if we need a | + | | What if we need a link to a particular node or to a particular section of our site? |
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| 10:12 | | 10:12 | ||
| − | | Give it a''' title''' called | + | | Give it a''' title''' called "Forum" and '''paste''' the copied link. |
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| 10:17 | | 10:17 | ||
| − | | If you are looking | + | | If you are looking for a specific piece of content, just type a letter like ' F' or 'G'. |
All the nodes that start with that letter, will show up. | All the nodes that start with that letter, will show up. | ||
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| 10:46 | | 10:46 | ||
| − | | If we want an internal path, such as the ability to add a | + | | If we want an internal path, such as the ability to add a node, then it would be''' /node/add.''' |
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| 11:14 | | 11:14 | ||
| − | | Click''' Save. '''Let’s just double check if that works and indeed it does | + | | Click''' Save. '''Let’s just double check if that works and indeed it does! |
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| 11:38 | | 11:38 | ||
| Let us summarize.In this tutorial, we learnt about: | | Let us summarize.In this tutorial, we learnt about: | ||
| − | + | Setting up '''URL Patterns''' | |
| − | + | '''Menu''' management. | |
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| 12:17 | | 12:17 | ||
| − | | The Spoken Tutorial Project | + | | The Spoken Tutorial Project team conducts workshops and gives certificates. For more details, please write to us. |
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| 12:26 | | 12:26 | ||
| − | | Spoken Tutorial Project is funded | + | | Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, Ministry of Human Resource Development and NVLI, Ministry of Culture, Government of India. |
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Latest revision as of 13:03, 7 October 2016
| Time | Narration |
| 00:01 | Welcome to the Spoken tutorial on Menu and Endpoints. |
| 00:06 | In this tutorial, we will learn to set up URL patterns. We will also learn about Menu management. |
| 00:15 | To record this tutorial, I am using
Ubuntu Linux Operating System Drupal 8 and Firefox Web browser. You can use any web browser as per your choice. |
| 00:29 | In this tutorial, we will talk about the process of creating proper URL paths for our website. |
| 00:36 | Endpoints and aliases- Endpoints are URL paths which display a particular content. |
| 00:45 | By default, in Drupal, the endpoint of a node is node/[node:id]. |
| 00:53 | Sending this to a server will display the contents of the node. A number in the ID is not human readable |
| 01:02 | that is, we cannot easily associate a particular content with say, node/278162
A human readable endpoint is available by creating an alias. |
| 01:19 | Alias is an alternate URL path for the same content. We can use either the original or any one of several aliases for displaying the same content. |
| 01:34 | For example, node/278162 and content/drupal-camp-mumbai-2015. |
| 01:47 | Both return the same content. The second one is easy to remember. |
| 01:54 | Let us now create URL patterns that will apply to all the contents we have. |
| 01:59 | Setting up URL paths require three modules. |
| 02:04 | Those three modules are the Pathauto, Token and CTools. |
| 02:13 | Please go ahead and get the Pathauto installed on your machine. |
| 02:18 | Come back to the Pathauto project page. Here, you will notice that Pathauto requires Token and CTools. |
| 02:27 | Install Token and CTools. Once you have installed these modules, turn them on. |
| 02:37 | Once we have done that, we are ready to go. |
| 02:40 | Click on Configuration. Down here, on the left hand side, under the SEARCH AND METADATA section, you will see URL aliases. |
| 02:52 | By default, there are no URL aliases available. |
| 02:58 | Click on the Patterns tab. Click on the Add Pathauto pattern button. |
| 03:05 | Click on the Pattern type drop-down. |
| 03:09 | Here we can create separate patterns for Forum, Content, Taxonomy term and User. |
| 03:17 | For example, I will select Content.
In the Path pattern field, we have to provide the pattern template. |
| 03:27 | Template variables are called as tokens. They are dynamically generated for each entity. |
| 03:36 | Token module provides these variables. When you see Browse available tokens in any input form, you can insert predefined tokens. |
| 03:49 | Click on the Path pattern box where you want to insert a token. |
| 03:55 | Type "content/". Then click on the Browse available tokens link. |
| 04:02 | A popup window opens up to show the "Available tokens". |
| 04:07 | Suppose we want a pattern like content/[title of the page], the token for the title of the page is under the Nodes section. |
| 04:18 | Click on the right arrow button of the Nodes section. |
| 04:23 | Choose the token [node:title] which will be replaced by the Title of the page. |
| 04:32 | This will insert [node:title] at the cursor location in the form box. |
| 04:38 | If this does not happen, make sure to click on the box and position the cursor as required.
Then select the token again. |
| 04:49 | Under Content type, we can select to which entity type this pattern should be applied. |
| 04:56 | Let us select all the types so that this pattern is default for all of them. |
| 05:04 | This setting can also be overridden for a particular type.
Example: we can create usergroup/[node:title] and apply it only for User Group. |
| 05:18 | In the Label field, type "Content Title". Then click on the Save button. Here, we can check the new pattern we just created. |
| 05:31 | This pattern will be applied to generate URL aliases for all newly added contents. But it will not create the URL aliases for existing contents. |
| 05:45 | To apply it for the existing contents, click on the Bulk generate tab. Select Content type and click on the Update button. |
| 05:58 | It is started generating the URL aliases. It can take a while depending on the number of existing contents. |
| 06:08 | Now click on the List tab. We can see that the URL aliases for our content. |
| 06:15 | Each node on our site has a system path of /node/nodeid. |
| 06:24 | The newly generated URL alias is there in the first Alias column. |
| 06:30 | We can see that all the aliases follow the same pattern. You have to do this each time you create a new Content type. |
| 06:41 | Use the following thumb rules to create patterns-
Use lower case words Do not give space between words. |
| 06:52 | Separate words by hyphen and not underscore
Use meaningful, human readable words in the URL for search engine optimization (SEO) |
| 07:07 | Use date tokens for contents classified by time. |
| 07:12 | There are more options available to control the URL alias pattern in the Settings tab.
Here we can see the default Separator, length etc. |
| 07:26 | We also see that, by default, several common words are removed from the pattern.
This is to keep the endpoint compact and meaningful. |
| 07:38 | To summarize -
Pathauto and Token modules allow us to set up URL patterns, |
| 07:46 | delete aliases and bulk generate aliases at any time. |
| 07:52 | From now onwards, every new node will use the patterns that we have established. |
| 07:59 | Now, we will talk about the Menus. |
| 08:03 | We have been adding menus to our site, in a random order, mostly based on the Views and basic pages. |
| 08:10 | Now, let’s see how we can manage the menu system. |
| 08:15 | Go to Structure, scroll down and click on Menus. |
| 08:21 | We have a number of different menus here that come with Drupal, by default.
We have six menus, to be exact. |
| 08:31 | We are interested in the Main navigation menu. So, click on Edit menu. |
| 08:38 | Here, we will be able to click and drag and re-order our Menu links. |
| 08:44 | Let’s drag Home and Upcoming Events to the top. |
| 08:49 | You can re-order these, in any way you want. Once done, click Save. |
| 08:56 | Now we have got Events and Upcoming Events.
Let’s click and drag Events to the top and then drag Upcoming Events to the right. |
| 09:07 | This will create a sub menu. |
| 09:10 | That’s pretty simple. Click Save and take a look at our front page. |
| 09:15 | Notice that now we have got four menus. |
| 09:19 | Where did our 'Event' sub-menu go? |
| 09:23 | Please remember, not all themes in Drupal support sub-menus or drop-down menus. 'Bartick theme is one of them. |
| 09:32 | For now, go back to Structure > Menus and edit the Main menu.
Drag Upcoming Event back over here and click Save. |
| 09:44 | What if we need a link to a particular node or to a particular section of our site? |
| 09:51 | For instance, if I wanted a menu link for my Forums, I would first go back to the site. |
| 09:58 | Go to the Forums page and copy the actual URL which is just /forum. |
| 10:05 | Then come back over and click on Edit menu and then on Add link. |
| 10:12 | Give it a title called "Forum" and paste the copied link. |
| 10:17 | If you are looking for a specific piece of content, just type a letter like ' F' or 'G'.
All the nodes that start with that letter, will show up. |
| 10:28 | Say, for instance, if we type an 'a' , all the nodes that have 'a' in the title, will show up. |
| 10:38 | We can just select the one we are looking for and it will tell us that its node id number 1. |
| 10:46 | If we want an internal path, such as the ability to add a node, then it would be /node/add. |
| 10:56 | If we want to link it to the Homepage, it will be front.
But we want /forum here which is a link to the Forum. |
| 11:08 | Click Save and now we have a link to the Forum. |
| 11:14 | Click Save. Let’s just double check if that works and indeed it does! |
| 11:21 | So, play around a little bit to understand it better.
With this in our menu system, it will be easier to create Menu item for a View or a Content Type. |
| 11:34 | With this, we come to the end of this tutorial. |
| 11:38 | Let us summarize.In this tutorial, we learnt about:
Setting up URL Patterns Menu management. |
| 11:59 | This video is adapted from Acquia and OSTraining and revised by Spoken Tutorial Project, IIT Bombay. |
| 12:09 | The video at this link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. Please download and watch it. |
| 12:17 | The Spoken Tutorial Project team conducts workshops and gives certificates. For more details, please write to us. |
| 12:26 | Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by NMEICT, Ministry of Human Resource Development and NVLI, Ministry of Culture, Government of India. |
| 12:39 | This is Calvin Nikhil Tomy, signing off. Thanks for joining. |
