Difference between revisions of "OpenFOAM/C2/Simulating-flow-in-a-Lid-Driven-Cavity/English"

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'''Title of script''': Simulating Flow in a Lid Driven Cavity
+
Tutorial: Simulating Flow in a Lid Driven Cavity.
  
−
'''Author''': Rahul Ashok Joshi
 
  
−
'''Keywords''': Video Tutorial,Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
+
Script and Narration : Rahul Joshi
 +
 
 +
 
 +
Keywords: Video tutorial,CFD,Lid Driven Cavity,Ghia et.al.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
{| style="border-spacing:0;"
 +
| style="border-top:0.05pt solid #000000;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Visual cue
 +
| style="border:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Narration
  
−
{| border=1
 
−
!Visual Cue
 
−
!Narration
 
 
|-
 
|-
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| Slide 1
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| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 1
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Hello and welcome to the '''spoken tutorial on Simulating Flow in a Lid Driven Cavity using openfoam'''
−
Hello and welcome to the spoken tutorial on Simulating Flow in a Lid Driven Cavity.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Slide 2: Learning Objective
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 2 : Learning Objectives
−
|In this tutorial I will show you  
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In this tutorial I will show you  
  
−
The Lid Driven Cavity file structure
+
*The''' Lid Driven Cavity file structure'''
 +
*'''Meshing '''the '''geometry'''
 +
*Solving and post-processing results in '''Paraview'''
 +
*Plotting and validating results on a '''spreadsheet'''.
  
−
How to Mesh the  Geometry 
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 3:
  
−
Solve and Post Process results in Paraview
+
System Requirement
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To record this tutorial I am using
 +
*'''Linux Operating system Ubuntu''' version 10.04.
 +
*'''OpenFOAM version''' 2.1.0
 +
*'''ParaView version''' 3.12.0
  
−
Plotting & validating data in excel sheet
+
|-
 +
 
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 4: System Requirement
 +
 
 +
The tutorials were recorded using the versions specified in previous slide.
 +
 
 +
Subsequently the tutorials were edited to latest versions.
 +
 
 +
To install latest system requirements go to Installation Sheet.
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Slide 3: System Requirement
 
−
|To record this tutorial
 
  
−
I am using GNU / Linux Operating system Ubuntu 10.04
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 4:
  
−
OpenFOAM version 2.1.0
+
About Lid Driven Cavity flow
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''Lid driven cavity''' is the most widely used '''2D test case''' for validation of a '''CFD code'''.
  
−
ParaView version 3.12.0
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 5 : Diagram
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This is diagram of '''Lid Driven Cavity'''.
  
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 6: Boundary Conditions
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The '''boundary conditions''' remain the same.
 +
 +
 +
A moving wall and three fixed walls.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Slide 4:
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
−
|Lid Driven Cavity diagram.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We are '''solving''' this for '''Reynolds no (Re) = 100'''
 +
 
 +
 
 +
The moving wall has a velocity of '''1 meter per second'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Slide 5:Boundary Conditions
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Path for lid driven cavity
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The '''path''' for the '''Lid Driven Cavity''' is the same as discussed in the '''installation tutorial'''.
  
−
The boundary conditions remain the same:
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Open a command terminal
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now open a '''command terminal'''.
  
−
Moving wall and three fixed walls.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Press ctrl +Alt+t keys simultaneously on keyboard
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To do this, press '''Ctrl+Alt+t ''' keys simultaneously on your keyboard.
  
−
Reynolds number ( Re= 100 )
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Path for lid driven cavity in terminal
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In the '''command terminal'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Slide 6
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type run and press enter
−
|Lid driven cavity is used to test a cfd code for solving Naviers-Stoke equations.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now type '''run''' and press '''Enter'''.
  
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type cd tutorials and press enter
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''cd '''(space)''' tutorials''' and press '''Enter'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type cd incompressible and press enter
−
|Path for Lid Driven Cavity
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''cd '''(space)''' incompressible''' and press '''Enter'''.
  
−
The path for the Lid Driven Cavity is the same as discussed in
+
|-
−
the installation tutorial.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type cd icoFoam and press enter
−
Open command terminal and type:
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''cd '''(space)''' icoFoam ''' (Note that F here is capital)''' and press '''Enter'''.
−
run
+
−
cd tutorials (Press enter)
+
−
cd incompressible (Press enter)
+
−
cd icoFoam
+
−
ls (press enter)
+
−
cd cavity
+
−
ls (Press enter)
+
−
In the file structure of cavity you will see 3 folders :
+
−
0 , constant , and system.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type cd cavity
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''cd '''(space) '''cavity''' and press '''Enter'''.
−
Type cd constant (press enter)
+
−
ls (press enter)
+
  
−
The constant folder contains another folder polymesh and a file describing the physical properties of fluid.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type ls and press enter
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now type '''ls'''and press '''Enter'''.
  
−
Type cd polymesh (Press Enter)
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Three folders 0, constant and system
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In the '''file structure of cavity''' you will see 3 folders :
  
−
Polymesh contains a file named blockMeshDict which contains:
+
'''0 , constant,''' and '''system'''.
  
−
To view the file type gedit blockMeshDict.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type cd constant
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now type '''cd''' (space) '''constant''' and press '''Enter'''.
  
−
-cordinates for lid driven cavity
+
|-
−
-blocking and meshing parameters
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type ls and press enter
−
-setting up boundary patches.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now type '''ls '''and press '''Enter'''.
  
−
Since there are arcs as well as no patches to be merged they can be kept empty.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Constant >> polyMesh
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The '''constant folder '''contains another '''folder''' named '''polymesh'''.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
And the file describing the physical properties of fluid.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Cd polyMesh and press enter
−
|Type cd .. twice to come back to the cavity folder and type  
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now type '''cd''' (space) '''polymesh''' and press '''Enter'''.
−
cd system and ls (press enter), this contains three files
+
  
−
controlDict : control parameters for start/end time.
 
  
−
fvSolution : discritization schemes used in run time.
+
'''Polymesh''' contains a file named '''blockMeshDict'''.
  
−
fvSchemes : equation for solver,tolerance and other algorithm is described.  
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type ls
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now type '''ls''' and press '''Enter'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|  
−
|Again type cd .. to return to the cavity folder.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| You can see the '''blockMeshDict'''.
  
−
Now type cd 0 (zero) or time directory type ls (Press enter)
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type gedit blockMeshDict and press enter
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To open the '''blockMeshDict''' file, type '''gedit blockMeshDict'''.
  
−
This  contains the initial values for boundary conditions like
 
  
−
Pressure ,Velocity,Temperature etc.  
+
(Note that '''M''' and '''D''' here are capital).
  
−
Type cd .. to return to the cavity folder.
+
 
 +
Now press '''Enter'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|  
−
|Mesh the geometry. We are using a course mesh for this problem.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This will open up the '''blockMeshDict file'''.
  
−
This can be done by typing “blockMeshDict” in the terminal.
 
−
(M and D is capital)
 
−
Meshing is done.
 
  
−
If there is some error in the blockMesh file it will be shown in the terminal.
+
Let me drag this to the capture area.
−
To view the geometry “paraFoam”.(F here is capital)
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| In blockMeshDict file
−
|After the paraview window opens on the left hand side of the object inspector menu click “Apply".
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This contains :
  
 +
 +
coordinates for '''lid driven cavity'''
 +
 +
'''blocking''' and '''meshing parameters'''
 +
 +
and '''boundary patches.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| No patches and arcs in the geometry
−
|Check the mesh by typing “checkMesh” (M here is capital)
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Since there are '''arcs''' as well as no '''patches''' to be merged, '''edges''' and '''mergePatchPairs''' can be kept empty.
−
you can see the the number of cells ,skewness and other parameters.  
+
  
−
Minimise the terminal and switch to slides.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now close this.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Slide 7:
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Terminal type cd .. and do this twice
−
|The solver we are using here is icoFoam :
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In the '''command terminal''' type : '''cd (space) (dot) (dot)'''
  
−
Transient solver for incompressible flow of newtonian fluids.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| You will come back to the''' cavity folder'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Cd system and press enter
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now type '''cd''' (space) '''system''' and press '''Enter'''.
−
Switch back to the terminal and type icoFoam (F here is capital)
+
  
−
Iterations running will be seen in the terminal window.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type ls and press enter
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now type '''ls''' and press '''Enter'''.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
This contains three '''files - controlDict, fvSchemes''' and '''fvSolutions'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| ControlDict
−
|Once the solving is done type paraFoam (F here is capital) in the terminal to view the geometry.
+
 
 +
 
 +
fvSolution
 +
 
 +
 
 +
fvSchemes
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''controlDict''' contains '''control parameters''' for start/end time.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
'''fvSolution''' contains '''discritization schemes''' used in '''run time'''.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
'''fvSchemes''' contains equation for '''solvers''', '''tolerance,''' etc.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Run OpenFOAM
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type cd .. and press enter
−
|To view the geometry type : click Apply in objector inspector menu.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now again type '''cd (space) (dot dot)  '''and press '''Enter'''.
  
−
Scroll down the properties panel of the objector inspector menu for time step,regions and fields.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Cd 0 and press enter
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now type '''cd ( space )''' 0 (zero) and press '''Enter'''.
  
−
You can check or uncheck the parameters to view the boundary regions .
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now type''' ls''' and press '''Enter'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Initial values for bounary
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This contains the '''initial values''' for '''boundary conditions''' like
−
On the top of the paraview window you will see the VCR controls.
+
  
−
By clicking on the Play button .
 
  
−
After this on the top of the left hand side on Active Variable Control drop down menu change from Solid Color to p or U.
+
'''Pressure ,Velocity, Temperature, etc.'''
  
−
You will see the contour of Pressure or Velocity.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type cd ..
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Type''' cd ( space ) (dot dot)''' to return to the '''cavity folder'''.
  
−
Toggle ON the color legend by clicking on it on top of the Active Variable Control menu.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Mesh the geometry
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now we need to '''mesh '''the''' geometry'''.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
We are using a course '''mesh''' here.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|  
−
|We need to validate the result obtained to do this let us plot the U and V velocity.
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''Mesh''' the '''geometry''' by typing '''blockMesh''' in the '''terminal'''.
  
−
For this Go to Filters Menu > Data Analysis > Plot Data over Line
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| In terminal type blockMesh and press enter
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now type '''blockMesh '''(Note that M here is capital).
  
−
Select X & Y axis turn by turn.
 
  
−
Click Apply on the Left hand side of Object Inspector Menu.
+
And press '''Enter'''.
  
−
Pressure and velocity plots will be plotted.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''Meshing''' is done.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|  
−
|Since it is a non dimensional analysis we need to plot the graph for u/U v/s y/L for Re=100
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| If there is some '''error''' in the '''blockMesh file, '''it will be shown in the '''terminal'''.
  
−
To do this in Plot Data over line click on the Y-axis button.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type paraFoam and press enter
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To view the '''geometry,''' type '''paraFoam'''.  Note that '''F''' here is capital.
  
−
Another window will open which will show a plot of ' p ' and  ' U '.
 
  
−
In menu bar go to File > Save Data
+
And press '''Enter'''.
  
−
Save it as cavity.csv in the cavity folder.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This will open the '''ParaView''' window.
  
−
Go to the same folder of cavity.
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on apply button
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now on the left hand side of the '''object inspector menu''' click on '''Apply.'''
  
−
Open the csv file in Open office or LibreOffice excel and copy the U0 (u velocity) and points1 columns.  
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| You can see the '''lid driven cavity geometry'''.
  
−
Open a new excel sheet and in two columns use the ratio of u/U ( u at a point to U actual velocity) and y/L( y axis to total length )
 
  
−
Plot the results in excel with the help of chart option on top in the menu bar.
+
Now close this.
  
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Check the mesh
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Check the '''mesh''' by typing '''checkMesh''' in the''' terminal'''.
 +
 +
 +
Note that '''M''' here is capital.
 +
 +
 +
And press '''Enter'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Slide 8:Excel Plot
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| After the checkMesh command
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| You can see the the '''number of cells''', '''skewness''' and '''other parameters''' which are associated with the '''mesh'''.
−
The result obtained from excel sheet will be similar to this picture.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Slide 9:Ghia et al.(1982) & Fluent
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
−
|
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let me switch back to the '''slides'''.
  
−
Validated the results with the paper on Lid Driven Cavity by : Ghia  et al. (1982).  
+
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 6: icoFoam
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The '''solver''' we are using here is '''icoFoam'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Slide 10:Summary
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
−
|In this tutorial we learnt:
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''icoFoam''' is a '''Transient solver''' for '''incompressible flow''' of '''Newtonian fluids'''.
−
File structure of Lid Driven cavity
+
−
Solved lid driven cavity.
+
−
Post-processing of Lid Driven cavity: Plotting
+
−
Validation.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Slide 11:
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|  
−
|As as Assignment,
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Let me switch back to the '''terminal'''.
−
Change the velocity magnitude in the '0' folder and  and transport properties in the 'constant' folder and plot the U and V velocity.
+
−
This brings us to  the end of the tutorial.  
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Slide12:
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| In terminal type icoFoam and press enter
−
|The video available at this URL:
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In the '''terminal '''type '''icoFoam'''.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
Note that '''F''' here is capital.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
And press '''Enter'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| '''Iterations '''running will be seen in the '''terminal''' window.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Type paraFoam and press enter
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| After the solving is done, type '''paraFoam''' in the '''terminal''' to view the '''geometry''' and the results.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on APPLY
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| On the left hand side of '''object inspector menu''', '''click on Apply'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Scroll down in object inspector menu
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now scroll down the '''properties''' of '''objector inspector menu'''.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
You can see '''mesh''' parts, '''volume fields''' etc.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Check or uncheck these boxes
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Check or uncheck these boxes in the '''mesh''' part to view the different boundary regions of '''Lid driven cavity'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Change from solid color to capital U
 +
 
 +
 
 +
initial condition
 +
 
 +
 
 +
I will select capital U
 +
 
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now after this,
 +
*on top of the left hand side, on ''' active variable control ''' drop-down menu,
 +
*change this from solid color to '''p''' or capital '''U'''
 +
*which are the '''initial conditions''' such as '''pressure''' or '''velocity'''.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
I will select capital '''U'''.
 +
 
 +
Now this will show you the '''initial condition''' of '''velocity'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| VCR control on top
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now on top of the '''ParaView''' window, you can see the''' VCR control'''.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
Click on the '''Play''' button.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Final result of velocity in lid driven cavity
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now this is the final result of '''velocity''' for '''lid driven cavity'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Toggle on the color legend
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Toggle on the '''color legend '''by clicking on the top left of the '''active variable control menu'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This is the''' color legend''' for '''U velocity'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Validation of result
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| We need to validate the results obtained.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
To do this, let us plot the '''U''' and '''V velocity'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Menu > filters > data analysis > plot over line
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| For this go to '''Filters > Data Analysis > Plot Over line'''
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Click on it.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| You can see the '''X , Y''' and '''Z axis'''
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Select the X and Y axis
 +
 
 +
 
 +
Select the X axis
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Select the '''X & Y axis''' turn by turn.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
I will select the '''X axis''' and click '''Apply'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| You can see the '''Pressure''' and '''Velocity''' plots being plotted.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| For non-dimensional analysis
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Since it is a '''non dimensional analysis''', we need to plot the graph for '''u/U v/s y/L''' for '''Reynolds number =100'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| PLot data Line click Y axis and apply
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| To do this in '''Plot Data,''' click on the '''Y-axis'''.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
And click '''Apply'''
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Plot can be seen
 +
 
 +
 
 +
Go to file save data
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| You can see the plot.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
In menu bar go to '''File > Save Data '''
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Give an appropriate name to your file.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Give a name to the file
 +
 
 +
 
 +
save as .csv format
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| I will give this as '''cavity'''.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
The file will be saved as '''dot csv file'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now click '''Ok'''.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
Again click '''Ok'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Go to the cavity folder in icoFoam
 +
 
 +
 
 +
cavity.csv file
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now go to the '''cavity folder''' of '''openfoam directory'''.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
Scroll down, you can see the '''cavity.csv file'''
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Open it in '''OpenOffice''' or '''LibreOffice spreadsheet'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Copy u0 and points 1 and save it another page of spreadsheet
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In the '''LibreOffice spreadsheet''' copy the '''U0 (u velocity)''' and to the right point1 column in another '''spreadsheet'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| U/U and y/L
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now divide both these columns.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
That is '''u zero''' by '''capital U''' and '''points 1''' by '''capital L'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| PLot the results using chart option
 +
 
 +
of spreadsheet
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Plot the results in '''LibreOffice Charts''' option on top of the menu bar.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"|
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Now let me switch back to the slides.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 7 : Lid Driven Cavity (OpenFOAM)
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Results obtained will be similar to this figure.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 8: Ghia et al.(1982) & Fluent
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Validate the result obtained on '''Lid Driven Cavity''' by : '''Ghia et al. (1982''') and results obtained from '''Fluent'''.
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 9:
 +
 
 +
Summary
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| In this tutorial we learnt
 +
 
 +
*'''File structure''' of '''Lid Driven cavity'''
 +
*Solved '''lid driven cavity'''
 +
*Post-processing of results
 +
*Validation
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 10:
 +
 
 +
Assignment
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| As as assignment,
 +
 
 +
Change some '''parameters''' in the '''lid driven cavity'''
 +
 
 +
* '''Velocity''' magnitude in the '''0 folder'''
 +
* '''Kinematic viscosity''' in '''transportPorpoerties''' in '''constant folder'''
 +
 
 +
Plot the results of '''u/U and y/L'''
 +
 
 +
|-
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| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 11 :
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About Spoken tutorials
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| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The video available at this URL:
 +
 
 
http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial  
 
http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial  
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It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.  
+
 
 +
It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.  
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If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
 
If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
  
 
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|Slide 13:
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| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 12:  
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|
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−
The Spoken Tutorial Project Team
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About Spoken tutorials
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Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials
+
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| The Spoken Tutorial Project Team
−
Gives certificates to those who pass an online test
+
 
−
For more details, contact sptutemail@gmail.com
+
-Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials
 +
 
 +
-Gives certificates to those who pass an online test
 +
 
 +
-For more details, please write to us at contact @spoken-tutorial.org
  
 
|-
 
|-
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|Slide 14:Acknowledgement
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|
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| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 13: Forum to answer questions
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Spoken Tutorials are part of Talk to a Teacher project,
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Do you have questions on THIS Spoken Tutorial?
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Choose the minute and second where you have the question
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Explain your question briefly
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Someone from the FOSSEE team will answer them. Please visit
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| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
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|-
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| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 14: Forum to answer questions
 +
Questions not related to the Spoken Tutorial?
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Do you have general/technical questions on the Software?
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Please visit the FOSSEE forum
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http://forums.fossee.in/
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Choose the Software and post your question
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| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|  
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| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 15: Lab Migration project
 +
We coordinate migration from commercial CFD software like ANSYS to OpenFOAM
 +
We conduct free Workshops and provide solutions to CFD Problem Statements in OpenFOAM
 +
For more details visit this site:
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http://cfd.fossee.in/
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
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| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 16: Case Study project
 +
We invite students to solve a feasible CFD problem statement of reasonable complexity using OpenFOAM
 +
We give honorarium and certificate to those who do this
 +
For more details visit this site:
 +
http://cfd.fossee.in/
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"|
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| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 17:
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Acknowledgement
 +
| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| Spoken Tutorial project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project.
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It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.  
 
It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.  
−
This project is coordinated by http://spoken-tutorial
+
 
 
More information on the same is available at the following URL link http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro
 
More information on the same is available at the following URL link http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro
  
 
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|Slide 15:About the Author
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| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;"| Slide 18:
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|This is Rahul Joshi from IIT BOMBAY signing off.
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Thanks for joining.
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About the contributor
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| style="border-top:none;border-bottom:0.05pt solid #000000;border-left:0.05pt solid #000000;border-right:0.05pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;"| This is Rahul Joshi from IIT BOMBAY signing off.
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 +
Thanks for joining
 +
 
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|}

Latest revision as of 09:29, 4 June 2019

Tutorial: Simulating Flow in a Lid Driven Cavity.


Script and Narration : Rahul Joshi


Keywords: Video tutorial,CFD,Lid Driven Cavity,Ghia et.al.


Visual cue Narration
Slide 1 Hello and welcome to the spoken tutorial on Simulating Flow in a Lid Driven Cavity using openfoam
Slide 2 : Learning Objectives In this tutorial I will show you
  • The Lid Driven Cavity file structure
  • Meshing the geometry
  • Solving and post-processing results in Paraview
  • Plotting and validating results on a spreadsheet.
Slide 3:

System Requirement

To record this tutorial I am using
  • Linux Operating system Ubuntu version 10.04.
  • OpenFOAM version 2.1.0
  • ParaView version 3.12.0
Slide 4: System Requirement

The tutorials were recorded using the versions specified in previous slide.

Subsequently the tutorials were edited to latest versions.

To install latest system requirements go to Installation Sheet.

Slide 4:

About Lid Driven Cavity flow

Lid driven cavity is the most widely used 2D test case for validation of a CFD code.
Slide 5 : Diagram This is diagram of Lid Driven Cavity.
Slide 6: Boundary Conditions The boundary conditions remain the same.


A moving wall and three fixed walls.

We are solving this for Reynolds no (Re) = 100


The moving wall has a velocity of 1 meter per second

Path for lid driven cavity The path for the Lid Driven Cavity is the same as discussed in the installation tutorial.
Open a command terminal Now open a command terminal.
Press ctrl +Alt+t keys simultaneously on keyboard To do this, press Ctrl+Alt+t keys simultaneously on your keyboard.
Path for lid driven cavity in terminal In the command terminal.
Type run and press enter Now type run and press Enter.
Type cd tutorials and press enter cd (space) tutorials and press Enter.
Type cd incompressible and press enter cd (space) incompressible and press Enter.
Type cd icoFoam and press enter cd (space) icoFoam (Note that F here is capital) and press Enter.
Type cd cavity cd (space) cavity and press Enter.
Type ls and press enter Now type lsand press Enter.
Three folders 0, constant and system In the file structure of cavity you will see 3 folders :

0 , constant, and system.

Type cd constant Now type cd (space) constant and press Enter.
Type ls and press enter Now type ls and press Enter.
Constant >> polyMesh The constant folder contains another folder named polymesh.


And the file describing the physical properties of fluid.

Cd polyMesh and press enter Now type cd (space) polymesh and press Enter.


Polymesh contains a file named blockMeshDict.

Type ls Now type ls and press Enter.
You can see the blockMeshDict.
Type gedit blockMeshDict and press enter To open the blockMeshDict file, type gedit blockMeshDict.


(Note that M and D here are capital).


Now press Enter.

This will open up the blockMeshDict file.


Let me drag this to the capture area.

In blockMeshDict file This contains :


coordinates for lid driven cavity

blocking and meshing parameters

and boundary patches.

No patches and arcs in the geometry Since there are arcs as well as no patches to be merged, edges and mergePatchPairs can be kept empty.
Now close this.
Terminal type cd .. and do this twice In the command terminal type : cd (space) (dot) (dot)
You will come back to the cavity folder.
Cd system and press enter Now type cd (space) system and press Enter.
Type ls and press enter Now type ls and press Enter.


This contains three files - controlDict, fvSchemes and fvSolutions.

ControlDict


fvSolution


fvSchemes

controlDict contains control parameters for start/end time.


fvSolution contains discritization schemes used in run time.


fvSchemes contains equation for solvers, tolerance, etc.

Type cd .. and press enter Now again type cd (space) (dot dot) and press Enter.
Cd 0 and press enter Now type cd ( space ) 0 (zero) and press Enter.
Now type ls and press Enter.
Initial values for bounary This contains the initial values for boundary conditions like


Pressure ,Velocity, Temperature, etc.

Type cd .. Type cd ( space ) (dot dot) to return to the cavity folder.
Mesh the geometry Now we need to mesh the geometry.


We are using a course mesh here.

Mesh the geometry by typing blockMesh in the terminal.
In terminal type blockMesh and press enter Now type blockMesh (Note that M here is capital).


And press Enter.

Meshing is done.
If there is some error in the blockMesh file, it will be shown in the terminal.
Type paraFoam and press enter To view the geometry, type paraFoam. Note that F here is capital.


And press Enter.

This will open the ParaView window.
Click on apply button Now on the left hand side of the object inspector menu click on Apply.
You can see the lid driven cavity geometry.


Now close this.

Check the mesh Check the mesh by typing checkMesh in the terminal.


Note that M here is capital.


And press Enter.

After the checkMesh command You can see the the number of cells, skewness and other parameters which are associated with the mesh.
Let me switch back to the slides.
Slide 6: icoFoam The solver we are using here is icoFoam.
icoFoam is a Transient solver for incompressible flow of Newtonian fluids.
Let me switch back to the terminal.
In terminal type icoFoam and press enter In the terminal type icoFoam.


Note that F here is capital.


And press Enter.

Iterations running will be seen in the terminal window.
Type paraFoam and press enter


After the solving is done, type paraFoam in the terminal to view the geometry and the results.
Click on APPLY On the left hand side of object inspector menu, click on Apply.
Scroll down in object inspector menu Now scroll down the properties of objector inspector menu.


You can see mesh parts, volume fields etc.

Check or uncheck these boxes Check or uncheck these boxes in the mesh part to view the different boundary regions of Lid driven cavity.
Change from solid color to capital U


initial condition


I will select capital U

Now after this,
  • on top of the left hand side, on active variable control drop-down menu,
  • change this from solid color to p or capital U
  • which are the initial conditions such as pressure or velocity.


I will select capital U.

Now this will show you the initial condition of velocity.

VCR control on top Now on top of the ParaView window, you can see the VCR control.


Click on the Play button.

Final result of velocity in lid driven cavity Now this is the final result of velocity for lid driven cavity.
Toggle on the color legend Toggle on the color legend by clicking on the top left of the active variable control menu.
This is the color legend for U velocity.
Validation of result We need to validate the results obtained.


To do this, let us plot the U and V velocity.

Menu > filters > data analysis > plot over line For this go to Filters > Data Analysis > Plot Over line
Click on it.
You can see the X , Y and Z axis
Select the X and Y axis


Select the X axis

Select the X & Y axis turn by turn.


I will select the X axis and click Apply.

You can see the Pressure and Velocity plots being plotted.
For non-dimensional analysis Since it is a non dimensional analysis, we need to plot the graph for u/U v/s y/L for Reynolds number =100.
PLot data Line click Y axis and apply To do this in Plot Data, click on the Y-axis.


And click Apply

Plot can be seen


Go to file save data

You can see the plot.


In menu bar go to File > Save Data

Give an appropriate name to your file.
Give a name to the file


save as .csv format

I will give this as cavity.


The file will be saved as dot csv file.

Now click Ok.


Again click Ok.

Go to the cavity folder in icoFoam


cavity.csv file

Now go to the cavity folder of openfoam directory.


Scroll down, you can see the cavity.csv file

Open it in OpenOffice or LibreOffice spreadsheet.
Copy u0 and points 1 and save it another page of spreadsheet In the LibreOffice spreadsheet copy the U0 (u velocity) and to the right point1 column in another spreadsheet.
U/U and y/L Now divide both these columns.


That is u zero by capital U and points 1 by capital L.

PLot the results using chart option

of spreadsheet

Plot the results in LibreOffice Charts option on top of the menu bar.
Now let me switch back to the slides.
Slide 7 : Lid Driven Cavity (OpenFOAM) Results obtained will be similar to this figure.
Slide 8: Ghia et al.(1982) & Fluent Validate the result obtained on Lid Driven Cavity by : Ghia et al. (1982) and results obtained from Fluent.
Slide 9:

Summary

In this tutorial we learnt
  • File structure of Lid Driven cavity
  • Solved lid driven cavity
  • Post-processing of results
  • Validation
Slide 10:

Assignment

As as assignment,

Change some parameters in the lid driven cavity

  • Velocity magnitude in the 0 folder
  • Kinematic viscosity in transportPorpoerties in constant folder

Plot the results of u/U and y/L

Slide 11 :

About Spoken tutorials

The video available at this URL:

http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial

It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.

If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.

Slide 12:

About Spoken tutorials

The Spoken Tutorial Project Team

-Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials

-Gives certificates to those who pass an online test

-For more details, please write to us at contact @spoken-tutorial.org

Slide 13: Forum to answer questions

Do you have questions on THIS Spoken Tutorial? Choose the minute and second where you have the question Explain your question briefly Someone from the FOSSEE team will answer them. Please visit http://forums.spoken-tutorial.org/

Slide 14: Forum to answer questions

Questions not related to the Spoken Tutorial? Do you have general/technical questions on the Software? Please visit the FOSSEE forum http://forums.fossee.in/ Choose the Software and post your question

Slide 15: Lab Migration project

We coordinate migration from commercial CFD software like ANSYS to OpenFOAM We conduct free Workshops and provide solutions to CFD Problem Statements in OpenFOAM For more details visit this site: http://cfd.fossee.in/

Slide 16: Case Study project

We invite students to solve a feasible CFD problem statement of reasonable complexity using OpenFOAM We give honorarium and certificate to those who do this For more details visit this site: http://cfd.fossee.in/

Slide 17:

Acknowledgement

Spoken Tutorial project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project.

It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.

More information on the same is available at the following URL link http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro

Slide 18:

About the contributor

This is Rahul Joshi from IIT BOMBAY signing off.

Thanks for joining

Contributors and Content Editors

Chandrika, DeepaVedartham, Nancyvarkey, Rahuljoshi

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