Difference between revisions of "LaTeX/C2/Tables-and-Figures/English-timed"

Latest revision as of 12:10, 24 March 2017

Time	Narration
00:00	Welcome to this tutorial on Tables and Figures.
00:05	We have two objectives in this tutorial.
00:08	The first one is to explain how to create tables using the tabular environment; the second objective is to explain how to include tables in latex documents using the table environment.
00:22	A similar technique can be used to include figures also.
00:27	We have seen how to create the title page,
00:32	this one has title, author information, and Creative Commons, copyright information as explained in the tutorial on equations.
00:45	Today’s date appears in the last column created by this command.
00:51	Let us go to the second page.
00:58	I will now explain to you, how to create this table in a step-by-step fashion.
01:05	Let us start with a clean slate.
01:08	Let me delete these commands.
01:19	I will compile this and start with a clean slate.
01:29	The tabular environment is created using begin tabular and end tabular commands.
01:38	Let me do that here.
02:03	The ‘r r’ characters within the braces, next to the begin tabular, say that there are two columns and that they are right aligned.
02:14	In the first line, the entries are "mango" and "mixed".
02:20	Two reverse-slashes indicate next line.
02:24	Let me enter the next line.
02:28	"Jackfruit".
02:32	"Kolli hills".
02:37	"Banana".
02:40	"Green".
02:42	Let me end this tabular environment.
02:47	Let me compile this.
02:51	And, this has appeared here.
02:56	We get the 3 by 2 table. There are three rows and 2 columns.
03:02	The two columns are right aligned as indicated by the 'r r' character.
03:09	To separate the two columns, we introduce a vertical line between the column alignment characters.
03:20	So, let me put that vertical line.
03:23	Save it,Compile it.
03:28	You see that a vertical line has come.
03:31	If you want vertical lines at the end also, put them at appropriate places.
03:42	Let me put them, save them, compile them.
03:48	So, these have come.
03:50	As a matter of fact, we can put more vertical lines.
03:54	Let me put one more vertical line at the beginning.
04:02	There you are! A second line has come.
04:07	See there are two vertical lines.
04:11	We will now try different alignments.
04:15	Let's put a ‘c’ here to say that the second column should be center aligned.
04:27	This is center aligned now.
04:30	Let us make the first column left aligned.
04:34	Right now, it is right aligned; let me make them left aligned.
04:40	'l',Save
04:43	Compile.
04:46	Now it is left aligned.
04:50	We will now separate the rows with horizontal lines as follows.
04:56	Let's put a h-line here.
05:00	Let us see what happens when we do that.
05:04	It puts a top line.
05:07	If I put another h-line here,
05:16	see a line has come,So, let me complete this.
05:19	Let me put h-line.
05:22	Here I have to put a break line with two reverse slashes and then h-line.
05:30	H-line begins from the beginning of the sentence.
05:36	So, now I have completed the horizontal lines.
05:42	Now, let us add three more columns and one more row.
05:49	So, what I do is- I come here, and 'c' , 'c', 'r'.
06:01	So, I have added three more columns, first two of them are center aligned the third one is right aligned.
06:08	And then here I want to say:
06:15	"fruit"
06:19	"type"
06:22	"number of units"
06:26	"cost per unit"
06:30	"cost rupees"
06:38	h-line.
06:41	So, "mixed"
06:43	"20"
06:45	"75" rupees
06:47	"1500" rupees.
06:51	"Jackfruit"
06:54	"10" of them
06:57	"50" rupees
06:59	"500" rupees.
07:01	"Banana green"
07:05	"10" dozens
07:07	"20" rupees a dozen and "200" rupees total.
07:12	So, let’s see whether we can compile this.
07:20	So, it has created the table.
07:25	See the need for right alignment, this is.. so that we can add these numbers.
07:34	Suppose, that we want to split the columns in two.
07:39	For example, here these two columns have fruit details and these three have cost calculations.
07:48	So, this is done with the help of what is known as multi-column command.
07:55	Let me do it as follows.
07:59	multi-column
08:04	take 2
08:06	center-aligned
08:10	Fruit Details.
08:12	First two are over then I put a tab to indicate the next column.
08:19	Go to the next line.
08:24	multi-column, three, also to be center-aligned.
08:29	Cost within braces – cost calculations
08:37	slash h-line.
08:44	So, there you are.
08:46	The first two have the title "Fruit details", the next three have the title "Cost calculations".
08:52	I don’t have the vertical lines that’s because I didn’t tell latex to do that. So let’s do that.
08:59	Here, I want two vertical lines, here I want one vertical line.
09:05	Before this, I already have the line here, so let me just put this here.
09:11	See what happens.
09:16	So, now the vertical lines have also come.
09:24	Because these 2 and 3 are single character arguments its possible to write them without braces.
09:40	Okay, same thing works.
09:42	Sometimes it is necessary to draw horizontal lines between only a few columns.
09:52	So, we explain this as follows.
09:54	Let me split this "mango" instead of "mixed", let me call this "Malgoa"
10:05	and then "18" kilograms
10:13	"50" kilograms.
10:17	Let me delete this.
10:23	okay,And here, let me say that it is "Alfanso"
10:33	"2" dozens
10:35	"300" rupees a dozen, and a total of 1500.
10:44	Let’s see what happens when I save this. Compile this.
10:50	So, I’ve got this. What happens is, this line comes here and as well as here and I don’t want this and this. So, this is taken care of by saying instead of this horizontal line, I want a 'c' line and between the columns 2 and 4.
11:19	So, I should have done this here.
11:22	So let me put this back here.
11:27	H-line here.
11:30	c-line 2 to 4.
11:40	Okay, so now I have the line between columns two and four only.
11:52	So, this central line has split the mangoes into two of the most popular mangoes in India.
11:58	We will conclude this example, conclude this table with a last row.
12:04	Let me total up as follows.
12:11	multi-column four
12:14	2 vertical lines, right-aligned
12:20	vertical separator
12:24	Total cost
12:27	Rupees.
12:32	Close this.
12:35	Next tab
12:38	2200
12:42	h-line.
12:48	So there you are.
12:50	So, this was the table that we started with at the beginning of this tutorial.
12:59	How do we work with the tables created using the tabular environment?
13:04	Latex treats the entire table created using the tabular environment as a single object.
13:10	For example- if you write,
13:17	This is
13:24	an
13:27	example
13:39	"This is an example table".
13:47	What happens is this table gets sandwiched between these two. "This is an" example to, "example table".
13:56	This table appears in a running sentence.
14:01	It is possible to include tables using a centre environment.
14:05	A more common approach is to include it in the table environment. As we show now.
14:18	begin
14:21	table
14:25	Close this.
14:33	So, what happens is now ‘this is an example table’.
14:36	This statement comes separately and whatever that appeared between this ‘begin’ and ‘end’ table have been placed separately as a table.
14:50	In other words, even though the table appears in between some text, it has been put separately.
14:57	This is not centered.
14:59	What I can do is, give a command here called ‘centering’
15:08	to place this at the center of the document.
15:17	Let us now create a caption.
15:20	Table caption is put before the table.
15:23	Let me put a caption here.
15:31	"Caption cost of fruits in India".
15:42	So, the caption has come.
15:44	This is too close; I want to leave a small space.
15:47	Let me do that by giving through this v-space command 1 ex.
15:57	That is the space equivalent of the ‘x’ character.
16:01	So, I have left this vertical space.
16:04	So, now it looks okay.
16:06	By default, Latex places tables at the top of the page.
16:11	This placement is done automatically.
16:14	The table is ‘floated’ to the next available slot.
16:18	To explain this, let me cut and paste some text from the bottom of this document.
16:25	Let me delete this.
16:28	Let me delete this.
16:38	Alright.
16:43	Now, there is some write up about these fruits.
16:49	Go to the top of this.
16:55	Paste it here.
16:58	Compile it.
17:01	So, as before, the table got placed at the top of this page.
17:06	Let me put some more text here.
17:12	Four copies.
17:16	So, now what has happened is-
17:26	this table has been floated to the second page and
17:31	there is nothing else here. So, it has been placed at the middle of this page.
17:35	Let me put one more copy of this, some more text.
17:43	So, now what has happened is-
17:49	this is the title page, this is the text page, the table has been floated, it has gone to the top of this page.
18:01	As in equations, we can also create labels and use them for referencing.
18:06	For example,
18:12	you give this command below the caption command.
18:15	You have to give it below the caption command because it is the caption command that creates the table number.
18:21	For example, here 'table 1' has been created automatically by this caption command.
18:26	If you put the label after this, this label will refer to the number created using the caption command.
18:33	So label
18:40	fruits.
18:43	So, let me just go back and say
18:48	let me add this line here.
18:53	The cost of these fruits is shown in Table reference, you have to give the label, it should be the same as this.
19:08	tab fruits
19:12	Let me compile it.
19:16	So there it is,On first compilation, this variable is not assigned.
19:22	So let me re-compile it, so now I have got this.
19:28	We can create a list of tables automatically
19:33	as we explain now.
19:37	After the make title, suppose we want this list of tables - one word, is the command.
19:50	So what has happened is
19:53	it has created a list of tables.
19:57	Typically one would have to compile twice to make sure the table number comes correct.
20:03	Here it comes, the table according to this list is in page two but we know that it is in page 3.
20:13	So, this is in page 3.
20:15	So, let's go back and compile it once more.
20:20	So there you are, it is in page 3.
20:26	So this has been explained before.
20:29	Alright, this comes to the end of this part in which we explained the tables.
20:36	We will now explain how to create figures using the command called include graphics.
20:48	So for this, we need to include this package called graphicx.
21:00	Okay! Suppose I go to the bottom of this,
21:08	and say, the command is as follows. begin figure
21:14	include graphics
21:19	width equals.
21:29	I have a file called iitb.pdf.
21:36	There you are.
21:38	I include it here with the width of this figure coming out to be equal to that of the line width.
21:51	Let me end this figure.
21:55	Compile this.
22:01	There you are.
22:04	So, it has also been put at the top of this page.
22:09	Alright! What I will do is, let me just, so this is for if I want to use the entire line width .
22:17	Suppose I want to use point 5, that is half a line width,
22:26	then it has been made small.
22:29	And note that it has been left aligned.
22:32	As in the table, I can say centering
22:38	which will center this at the middle.
22:49	I can also create a caption; figure captions are created after the figure is included.
23:00	Golden Jubilee logo of IIT Bombay.
23:13	Okay, as before I can create a label and refer to it using the ref command.
23:28	I can also make this list of figures appear along with the list of tables.
23:36	So, suppose I want list of figures also.
23:45	I will compile it.
23:48	I will compile it twice.
23:51	and there it is. List of figures also comes automatically.
23:56	All the figure captions will appear here.
24:08	There is one last thing that I want to show you here.
24:11	That is how to rotate these figures.
24:15	This is done by the angle option.
24:21	Suppose, angle... I want to rotate by 90 degrees.
24:25	So, let's go to this figure.
24:29	Let’s compile this.
24:32	So, this has been rotated by 90 degrees.
24:37	Rotate it by 'minus 90'.
24:42	Alright. So, this is the way to include the figures.
24:48	Here, I am assuming that iitb.pdf is available.
24:53	This brings us to the end of this tutorial.
24:55	The beginners of latex should compile after every few changes to the source document and make sure that what they have entered is correct.
25:05	Thank you for listening to this tutorial.
25:07	This is Kannan Moudgalya, signing off. Good-bye.

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Minal, PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Sandhya.np14

Difference between revisions of "LaTeX/C2/Tables-and-Figures/English-timed"

Latest revision as of 12:10, 24 March 2017

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@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 |'''Time'''
 |'''Narration'''
 |-
 |00:00
 |Welcome to this tutorial on '''Tables and Figures'''.
 |-
 |00:05
 |We have two objectives in this tutorial.
 |-
 |00:08
 |The first one is to explain how to create '''tables''' using the tabular environment; the second objective is to explain how to include tables in latex documents using the '''table environment'''.
 |-
 |00:22
 |A similar technique can be used to include figures also.
 |-
 |00:27
 |We have seen how to create the title page,
 |-
 |00:32
 |this one has title, author information, and Creative Commons, copyright information as explained in the tutorial on '''equations'''.
 |-
 |00:45
 |Today’s date appears in the last column created by this '''command'''.
 |-
 |00:51
 |Let us go to the second page.
 |-
 |00:58
-| I will now explain to you, how to create this table in a step-by-step fashion.
+|I will now explain to you, how to create this table in a step-by-step fashion.
 |-
 |01:05
 |Let us start with a clean slate.
 |-
 |01:08
 |Let me delete these commands.
 |-
 |01:19
 |I will compile this and start with a clean slate.
 |-
 |01:29
 |The '''tabular environment''' is created using '''begin tabular''' and '''end tabular''' commands.
 |-
 |01:38
 |Let me do that here.
 |-
 |02:03
 |The ‘r r’ characters within the braces, next to the '''begin tabular''', say that there are two '''columns''' and that they are right aligned.
 |-
 |02:14
-| In the first line, the entries are "mango" and "mixed".
+|In the first line, the entries are "mango" and "mixed".
 |-
 |02:20
 |Two reverse-slashes indicate next line.
 |-
 |02:24
 |Let me enter the next line.
 |-
 |02:28
 |"Jackfruit".
 |-
 |02:32
 |"Kolli hills".
 |-
 |02:37
 |"Banana".
 |-
 |02:40
 |"Green".
 |-
 |02:42
 |Let me end this '''tabular environment'''.
 |-
 |02:47
 |Let me compile this.
 |-
 |02:51
 |And, this has appeared here.
 |-
 |02:56
 |We get the '''3 by 2 table'''. There are three rows and 2 columns.
 |-
 |03:02
 |The two columns are '''right aligned''' as indicated by the 'r r' character.
 |-
 |03:09
 |To separate the two columns, we introduce a vertical line between the column alignment characters.
 |-
 |03:20
 |So, let me put that vertical line.
 |-
 |03:23
-|'''Save''' it.
+|'''Save''' it,Compile it.
-|-
-|03:24
-|Compile it.
 |-
 |03:28
 |You see that a vertical line has come.
 |-
 |03:31
 |If you want vertical lines at the end also, put them at appropriate places.
 |-
 |03:42
 | Let me put them, save them, compile them.
 |-
 |03:48
 |So, these have come.
 |-
 |03:50
 |As a matter of fact, we can put more vertical lines.
 |-
 |03:54
 |Let me put one more vertical line at the beginning.
 |-
 |04:02
 |There you are! A second line has come.
 |-
 |04:07
 |See there are two vertical lines.
 |-
 |04:11
 |We will now try different alignments.
 |-
 |04:15
 |Let's put a ‘c’ here to say that the second column should be '''center aligned'''.
 |-
 |04:27
 |This is '''center aligned''' now.
 |-
 |04:30
 |Let us make the first column '''left aligned'''.
 |-
 |04:34
 |Right now, it is '''right aligned'''; let me make them '''left aligned'''.
 |-
 |04:40
-| 'l',
+|'l','''Save'''
-|-
-|04:41
-|'''Save''',
 |-
 |04:43
 | Compile.
 |-
 |04:46
 |Now it is '''left aligned'''.
 |-
 |04:50
 |We will now separate the rows with horizontal lines as follows.
 |-
 |04:56
-| Let's put a '''h-line''' here.
+|Let's put a '''h-line''' here.
 |-
 |05:00
-| Let us see what happens when we do that.
+|Let us see what happens when we do that.
 |-
 |05:04
 |It puts a top line.
 |-
 |05:07
 |If I put another '''h-line''' here,
 |-
 |05:16
-|see a line has come.
+|see a line has come,So, let me complete this.
-|-
-|05:17
-|So, let me complete this.
 |-
 |05:19
-| Let me put '''h-line'''.
+|Let me put '''h-line'''.
 |-
 |05:22
-| Here I have to put a '''break line''' with two '''reverse slashes''' and then '''h-line'''.
+|Here I have to put a '''break line''' with two '''reverse slashes''' and then '''h-line'''.
 |-
 |05:30
-| '''H-line''' begins from the beginning of the sentence.
+|'''H-line''' begins from the beginning of the sentence.
 |-
 |05:36
 |So, now I have completed the horizontal lines.
 |-
 |05:42
 |Now, let us add three more columns and one more row.
 |-
 |05:49
 |So, what I do is- I come here, and 'c' , 'c', 'r'.
 |-
 |06:01
 |So, I have added three more columns, first two of them are '''center aligned''' the third one is '''right aligned'''.
 |-
 |06:08
 |And then here I want to say:
 |-
 |06:15
 |"fruit"
 |-
 |06:19
-| "type"
+|"type"
 |-
 |06:22
 |"number of units"
 |-
 |06:26
-| "cost per unit"
+|"cost per unit"
 |-
 |06:30
 |"cost rupees"
 |-
 |06:38
 |'''h-line'''.
 |-
 |06:41
 |So, "mixed"
 |-
 |06:43
 |"20"
 |-
 |06:45
 |"75" rupees
 |-
 |06:47
-| "1500" rupees.
+|"1500" rupees.
 |-
 |06:51
 |"Jackfruit"
 |-
 |06:54
 |"10" of them
 |-
 |06:57
 |"50" rupees
 |-
 |06:59
 |"500" rupees.
 |-
 |07:01
-| "Banana green"
+|"Banana green"
 |-
 |07:05
 |"10" dozens
 |-
 |07:07
 |"20" rupees a dozen and "200" rupees total.
 |-
 |07:12
 |So, let’s see whether we can compile this.
 |-
 |07:20
-| So, it has created the table.
+|So, it has created the table.
 |-
 |07:25
 |See the need for '''right alignment''', this is.. so that we can add these numbers.
 |-
 |07:34
 |Suppose, that we want to split the columns in two.
 |-
 |07:39
-| For example, here these two columns have fruit details and these three have cost calculations.
+|For example, here these two columns have fruit details and these three have cost calculations.
 |-
 |07:48
-| So, this is done with the help of what is known as '''multi-column command'''.
+|So, this is done with the help of what is known as '''multi-column command'''.
 |-
 |07:55
 |Let me do it as follows.
 |-
 |07:59
 |'''multi-column'''
 |-
 |08:04
 |take 2
 |-
 |08:06
-| '''center-aligned'''
+|'''center-aligned'''
 |-
 |08:10
-| '''Fruit Details'''.
+|'''Fruit Details'''.
 |-
 |08:12
 |First two are over then I put a '''tab''' to indicate the next column.
 |-
 |08:19
 |Go to the next line.
 |-
 |08:24
-| '''multi-column''', three, also to be '''center-aligned'''.
+|'''multi-column''', three, also to be '''center-aligned'''.
 |-
 |08:29
-| Cost within braces – '''cost calculations'''
+|Cost within braces – '''cost calculations'''
 |-
 |08:37
 |'''slash h-line'''.
 |-
 |08:44
 |So, there you are.
 |-
 |08:46
 |The first two have the title "Fruit details", the next three have the title "Cost calculations".
 |-
 |08:52
-| I don’t have the vertical lines that’s because I didn’t tell latex to do that. So let’s do that.
+|I don’t have the vertical lines that’s because I didn’t tell latex to do that. So let’s do that.
 |-
 |08:59
-| Here, I want two vertical lines, here I want one vertical line.
+|Here, I want two vertical lines, here I want one vertical line.
 |-
 |09:05
 |Before this, I already have the line here, so let me just put this here.
 |-
 |09:11
 |See what happens.
 |-
 |09:16
 |So, now the vertical lines have also come.
 |-
 |09:24
 |Because these 2 and 3 are single character '''arguments''' its possible to write them without braces.
 |-
 |09:40
 |Okay, same thing works.
 |-
 |09:42
 |Sometimes it is necessary to draw horizontal lines between only a few columns.
 |-
 |09:52
 | So, we explain this as follows.
 |-
 |09:54
 |Let me split this "mango" instead of "mixed", let me call this "Malgoa"
 |-
 |10:05
 |and then "18" kilograms
 |-
 |10:13
 |"50" kilograms.
 |-
 |10:17
 |Let me delete this.
 |-
 |10:23
-|okay.
+|okay,And here, let me say that it is "Alfanso"
-|-
-|10:24
-|And here, let me say that it is "Alfanso"
 |-
 |10:33
 |"2" dozens
 |-
 |10:35
 |"300" rupees a dozen, and a total of 1500.
 |-
 |10:44
 |Let’s see what happens when I '''save''' this. Compile this.
 |-
 |10:50
 | So, I’ve got this. What happens is, this line comes here and as well as here and I don’t want this and this. So, this is taken care of by saying instead of this horizontal line, I want a 'c' line and between the columns 2 and 4.
 |-
 |11:19
 |So, I should have done this here.
 |-
 |11:22
 |So let me put this back here.
 |-
 |11:27
 |'''H-line''' here.
 |-
 |11:30
 |'''c-line 2 to 4'''.
 |-
 |11:40
 |Okay, so now I have the line between columns two and four only.
 |-
 |11:52
 |So, this central line has split the mangoes into two of the most popular mangoes in India.
 |-
 |11:58
 |We will conclude this example, conclude this '''table''' with a last row.
 |-
 |12:04
 |Let me total up as follows.
 |-
 |12:11
-| '''multi-column''' four
+|'''multi-column''' four
 |-
 |12:14
-| 2 vertical lines, '''right-aligned'''
+|2 vertical lines, '''right-aligned'''
 |-
 |12:20
 |vertical separator
 |-
 |12:24
 |'''Total cost'''
 |-
 |12:27
-| Rupees.
+|Rupees.
 |-
 |12:32
 |Close this.
 |-
 |12:35
 |Next tab
 |-
 |12:38
 |2200
 |-
 |12:42
 |'''h-line'''.
 |-
 |12:48
 |So there you are.
 |-
 |12:50
 |So, this was the '''table''' that we started with at the beginning of this tutorial.
 |-
 |12:59
 |How do we work with the '''tables''' created using the '''tabular environment'''?
 |-
 |13:04
 |Latex treats the entire table created using the '''tabular environment''' as a single object.
 |-
 |13:10
 |For example- if you write,
 |-
 |13:17
-| This is
+|This is
 |-
 |13:24
-| an
+|an
 |-
 |13:27
 |example
 |-
 |13:39
 |'''"This is an example table"'''.
 |-
 |13:47
 |What happens is this '''table''' gets sandwiched between these two. "This is an" example to, "example table".
 |-
 |13:56
 |This '''table''' appears in a running sentence.
 |-
 |14:01
-| It is possible to include tables using a '''centre environment'''.
+|It is possible to include tables using a '''centre environment'''.
 |-
 |14:05
 |A more common approach is to include it in the '''table environment'''. As we show now.
 |-
 |14:18
-| '''begin'''
+|'''begin'''
 |-
 |14:21
 |'''table'''
 |-
 |14:25
 |Close this.
 |-
 |14:33
 |So, what happens is now ‘this is an example table’.
 |-
 |14:36
 |This statement comes separately and whatever that appeared between this ‘begin’ and ‘end’ table have been placed separately as a '''table'''.
 |-
 |14:50
-| In other words, even though the table appears in between some text, it has been put separately.
+|In other words, even though the table appears in between some text, it has been put separately.
 |-
 |14:57
 |This is not centered.
 |-
 |14:59
 |What I can do is, give a command here called '''‘centering’'''
 |-
 |15:08
 |to place this at the center of the document.
 |-
 |15:17
 |Let us now create a '''caption'''.
 |-
 |15:20
 |'''Table caption''' is put before the table.
 |-
 |15:23
 |Let me put a caption here.
 |-
 |15:31
 |''' "Caption cost of fruits in India"'''.
 |-
 |15:42
 |So, the '''caption''' has come.
 |-
 |15:44
-| This is too close; I want to leave a small space.
+|This is too close; I want to leave a small space.
 |-
 |15:47
-| Let me do that by giving through this '''v-space''' command '''1 ex'''.
+|Let me do that by giving through this '''v-space''' command '''1 ex'''.
 |-
 |15:57
 |That is the space equivalent of the ‘x’ character.
 |-
 |16:01
 |So, I have left this vertical space.
 |-
 |16:04
 |So, now it looks okay.
 |-
 |16:06
 |By default, Latex places tables at the top of the page.
 |-
 |16:11
 |This placement is done automatically.
 |-
 |16:14
 |The table is ‘floated’ to the next available slot.
 |-
 |16:18
 |To explain this, let me cut and paste some text from the bottom of this document.
 |-
 |16:25
 |Let me delete this.
 |-
 |16:28
 |Let me delete this.
 |-
 |16:38
 | Alright.
 |-
 |16:43
 | Now, there is some write up about these fruits.
 |-
 |16:49
 |Go to the top of this.
 |-
 |16:55
 |Paste it here.
 |-
 |16:58
 |Compile it.
 |-
 |17:01
 |So, as before, the '''table''' got placed at the top of this page.
 |-
 |17:06
-| Let me put some more text here.
+|Let me put some more text here.
 |-
 |17:12
-| Four copies.
+|Four copies.
 |-
 |17:16
 | So, now what has happened is-
 |-
 |17:26
 |this table has been floated to the second page and
 |-
 |17:31
 |there is nothing else here. So, it has been placed at the middle of this page.
 |-
 |17:35
-| Let me put one more copy of this, some more text.
+|Let me put one more copy of this, some more text.
 |-
 |17:43
 |So, now what has happened is-
 |-
 |17:49
 |this is the title page, this is the text page, the table has been floated, it has gone to the top of this page.
 |-
 |18:01
 |As in '''equations''', we can also create '''labels''' and use them for referencing.
 |-
 |18:06
 |For example,
 |-
 |18:12
 |you give this '''command''' below the '''caption command'''.
 |-
 |18:15
 |You have to give it below the caption command because it is the caption command that creates the '''table number'''.
 |-
 |18:21
 |For example, here 'table 1' has been created automatically by this caption command.
 |-
 |18:26
-| If you put the label after this, this label will refer to the number created using the caption command.
+|If you put the label after this, this label will refer to the number created using the caption command.
 |-
 |18:33
 |So '''label'''
 |-
 |18:40
-| '''fruits'''.
+|'''fruits'''.
 |-
 |18:43
 |So, let me just go back and say
 |-
 |18:48
 |let me add this line here.
 |-
 |18:53
 |'''The cost of these fruits is shown in Table reference''', you have to give the label, it should be the same as this.
 |-
 |19:08
 |'''tab fruits'''
 |-
 |19:12
-| Let me compile it.
+|Let me compile it.
 |-
 |19:16
-|So there it is.
+|So there it is,On first compilation, this variable is not assigned.
-|-
-|19:17
-|On first compilation, this variable is not assigned.
 |-
 |19:22
 |So let me re-compile it, so now I have got this.
 |-
 |19:28
 |We can create a list of tables automatically
 |-
 |19:33
 |as we explain now.
 |-
 |19:37
 |After the '''make title''', suppose we want this '''list of tables''' - one word, is the command.
 |-
 |19:50
-| So what has happened is
+|So what has happened is
 |-
 |19:53
-| it has created a list of tables.
+|it has created a list of tables.
 |-
 |19:57
 |Typically one would have to compile twice to make sure the table number comes correct.
 |-
 |20:03
 |Here it comes, the table according to this list is in page two but we know that it is in page 3.
 |-
 |20:13
 |So, this is in page 3.
 |-
 |20:15
 |So, let's go back and compile it once more.
 |-
 |20:20
 |So there you are, it is in page 3.
 |-
 |20:26
 |So this has been explained before.
 |-
 |20:29
-| Alright, this comes to the end of this part in which we explained the '''tables'''.
+|Alright, this comes to the end of this part in which we explained the '''tables'''.
 |-
 |20:36
 |We will now explain how to create figures using the command called '''include graphics'''.
 |-
 |20:48
 |So for this, we need to include this package called '''graphicx'''.
 |-
 |21:00
 |Okay! Suppose I go to the bottom of this,
 |-
 |21:08
 |and say, the command is as follows. '''begin figure'''
 |-
 |21:14
 |'''include graphics'''
 |-
 |21:19
 |'''width''' equals.
 |-
 |21:29
 |I have a file called '''iitb.pdf'''.
 |-
 |21:36
 |There you are.
 |-
 |21:38
 |I include it here with the width of this figure coming out to be equal to that of the line width.
 |-
 |21:51
 |Let me end this figure.
 |-
 |21:55
 |Compile this.
 |-
 |22:01
 |There you are.
 |-
 |22:04
 |So, it has also been put at the top of this page.
 |-
 |22:09
 |Alright! What I will do is, let me just, so this is for if I want to use the entire line width .
 |-
 |22:17
-| Suppose I want to use point 5, that is half a line width,
+|Suppose I want to use point 5, that is half a line width,
 |-
 |22:26
 | then it has been made small.
 |-
 |22:29
 | And note that it has been '''left aligned'''.
 |-
 |22:32
-| As in the '''table''', I can say '''centering'''
+|As in the '''table''', I can say '''centering'''
 |-
 |22:38
-| which will center this at the middle.
+|which will center this at the middle.
 |-
 |22:49
 |I can also create a '''caption'''; figure captions are created after the figure is included.
 |-
 |23:00
-| '''Golden Jubilee logo of IIT Bombay'''.
+|'''Golden Jubilee logo of IIT Bombay'''.
 |-
 |23:13
-| Okay, as before I can create a '''label''' and refer to it using the '''ref''' command.
+|Okay, as before I can create a '''label''' and refer to it using the '''ref''' command.
 |-
 |23:28
 |I can also make this list of figures appear along with the list of '''tables'''.
 |-
 |23:36
-| So, suppose I want list of figures also.
+|So, suppose I want list of figures also.
 |-
 |23:45
 |I will compile it.
 |-
 |23:48
-| I will compile it twice.
+|I will compile it twice.
 |-
 |23:51
-| and there it is. List of figures also comes automatically.
+|and there it is. List of figures also comes automatically.
 |-
 |23:56
 |All the figure captions will appear here.
 |-
 |24:08
 |There is one last thing that I want to show you here.
 |-
 |24:11
 |That is how to rotate these figures.
 |-
 |24:15
 |This is done by the '''angle''' option.
 |-
 |24:21
 |Suppose, '''angle'''... I want to rotate by 90 degrees.
 |-
 |24:25
 |So, let's go to this figure.
 |-
 |24:29
 | Let’s compile this.
 |-
 |24:32
 |So, this has been rotated by 90 degrees.
 |-
 |24:37
 |Rotate it by 'minus 90'.
 |-
 |24:42
 | Alright. So, this is the way to include the figures.
 |-
 |24:48
 |Here, I am assuming that '''iitb.pdf''' is available.
 |-
 |24:53
 |This brings us to the end of this tutorial.
 |-
 |24:55
 |The beginners of latex should compile after every few changes to the '''source document''' and make sure that what they have entered is correct.
 |-
 |25:05
 |Thank you for listening to this tutorial.
 |-
 |25:07
 |This is Kannan Moudgalya, signing off. Good-bye.