Difference between revisions of "GChemPaint/C3/Resonance-Structures/English-timed"
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{|border=1 | {|border=1 | ||
|'''Time''' | |'''Time''' | ||
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|00:01 | |00:01 | ||
− | |Hello everyone. | + | |Hello everyone.Welcome to this tutorial on '''Resonance Structures''' in '''GChemPaint'''. |
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|00:06 | |00:06 | ||
− | |In this tutorial, we will learn to | + | |In this tutorial, we will learn to: |
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|00:09 | |00:09 | ||
− | | | + | | Use different types of arrows to represent chemical reactions and |
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|00:14 | |00:14 | ||
− | | | + | | Add charge and electron pairs on an atom. |
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|00:18 | |00:18 | ||
− | |For this tutorial | + | |For this tutorial, I am using |
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|00:20 | |00:20 | ||
− | |'''Ubuntu Linux''' OS version 12.04 | + | |'''Ubuntu Linux''' OS version 12.04, |
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|00:42 | |00:42 | ||
|I have opened a new '''GChemPaint''' window. | |I have opened a new '''GChemPaint''' window. | ||
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|01:42 | |01:42 | ||
− | |Now, click on '''Add | + | |Now, click on '''Add an arrow''' and click between the structures. |
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|02:12 | |02:12 | ||
− | |In the | + | |In the sub-menu, select '''Arrow'''. |
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|02:18 | |02:18 | ||
− | |A | + | |A dialog box with heading '''Arrow associated''' appears. |
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|02:36 | |02:36 | ||
|Click on '''Eraser''' tool and click on '''Carbon-chlorine''' bond. | |Click on '''Eraser''' tool and click on '''Carbon-chlorine''' bond. | ||
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|02:45 | |02:45 | ||
|When electrons shift from '''Carbon''' to '''Chlorine''', '''Carbon''' gains a positive charge. | |When electrons shift from '''Carbon''' to '''Chlorine''', '''Carbon''' gains a positive charge. | ||
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|02:51 | |02:51 | ||
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|03:07 | |03:07 | ||
|Click on '''HCl'''. '''Chloride(Cl^-)''' ion is formed. | |Click on '''HCl'''. '''Chloride(Cl^-)''' ion is formed. | ||
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|04:14 | |04:14 | ||
− | |Click on '''Selection''' tool and select “Heat” | + | |Click on '''Selection''' tool and select “Heat”. |
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|04:21 | |04:21 | ||
− | |In the | + | |In the Sub-menu select '''Arrow''' and Click on '''Attach selection to arrow'''. |
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|04:27 | |04:27 | ||
− | |A | + | |A dialog box with heading '''Arrow associated''' appears. |
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|05:20 | |05:20 | ||
− | |A | + | |A sub-menu opens. |
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|05:41 | |05:41 | ||
− | |To do so, right-click on the reaction again | + | |To do so, right-click on the reaction again. |
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|06:25 | |06:25 | ||
− | |The two structures are "Resonance structures" of '''Nitromethane''' | + | |The two structures are "Resonance structures" of '''Nitromethane'''. |
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|06:30 | |06:30 | ||
− | |Press | + | |Press Ctrl+A to select the structures. |
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|06:35 | |06:35 | ||
− | |A | + | |A sub-menu opens. |
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|06:57 | |06:57 | ||
− | |'''Retrosynthetic''' pathway starts with the product and goes to the reactant | + | |'''Retrosynthetic''' pathway starts with the product and goes to the reactant along with all the intermediates. |
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|07:25 | |07:25 | ||
− | |Press ''' | + | |Press '''Ctrl+A''' to select the structures. |
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|07:41 | |07:41 | ||
− | |In this tutorial we have learnt to | + | |In this tutorial we have learnt to: |
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|07:44 | |07:44 | ||
− | | | + | |Show electron shifts using curved arrows |
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|07:48 | |07:48 | ||
− | | | + | | Attach reaction conditions to reaction arrows. |
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|07:52 | |07:52 | ||
− | | | + | |Create and destroy reaction pathway using a reaction arrow |
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|07:57 | |07:57 | ||
− | | | + | |Create a new mesomery relationship using double headed arrow |
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|08:01 | |08:01 | ||
− | | | + | |Create a retro-synthetic pathway using retro-synthetic arrow. |
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|08:06 | |08:06 | ||
− | |As an assignment | + | |As an assignment,using arrow properties- |
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|08:24 | |08:24 | ||
− | |3. Draw resonance structures of '''Naphthalene, Anthracene''' and '''Carbon-dioxide''' | + | |3. Draw resonance structures of '''Naphthalene, Anthracene''' and '''Carbon-dioxide'''. |
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| 08:39 | | 08:39 | ||
− | |Watch the video available at this URL. | + | |Watch the video available at this URL. '''http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_ Tutorial''' |
− | '''http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_ Tutorial''' | + | |
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|08:43 | |08:43 | ||
− | |It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project | + | |It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
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|08:50 | |08:50 | ||
− | |The Spoken Tutorial Project Team Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials | + | |The Spoken Tutorial Project Team: Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
|- | |- | ||
|08:54 | |08:54 | ||
− | |Gives certificates to those who pass an on-line test | + | |Gives certificates to those who pass an on-line test. |
|- | |- | ||
|08:57 | |08:57 | ||
− | |For more details, please write to '''contact@spoken-tutorial.org''' | + | |For more details, please write to '''contact@spoken-tutorial.org'''. |
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|09:03 | |09:03 | ||
− | |Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project | + | |Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project. |
|- | |- | ||
|09:08 | |09:08 | ||
− | |It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India | + | |It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
− | + | ||
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|09:16 | |09:16 | ||
− | |More information on this Mission is available at this link | + | |More information on this Mission is available at this link '''http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro]'''. |
− | '''http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro]''' | + | |
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|09:21 | |09:21 | ||
|This is '''Madhuri Ganapathi''' from '''IIT Bombay''' signing off. Thank you for joining. | |This is '''Madhuri Ganapathi''' from '''IIT Bombay''' signing off. Thank you for joining. | ||
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|} | |} |
Latest revision as of 15:19, 28 October 2020
Time | Narration |
00:01 | Hello everyone.Welcome to this tutorial on Resonance Structures in GChemPaint. |
00:06 | In this tutorial, we will learn to: |
00:09 | Use different types of arrows to represent chemical reactions and |
00:14 | Add charge and electron pairs on an atom. |
00:18 | For this tutorial, I am using |
00:20 | Ubuntu Linux OS version 12.04, |
00:24 | GChemPaint version 0.12.10. |
00:29 | To follow this tutorial you should be familiar with GChemPaint. |
00:34 | If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website. |
00:39 | I will switch to GChemPaint window. |
00:42 | I have opened a new GChemPaint window. |
00:45 | Here you can see EthylChloride and Methylbromide structures. |
00:50 | I will show how to obtain a Carbo-cation. |
00:55 | Let's add a pair of electrons on the Chlorine atom of EthylChloride. |
01:01 | Click on Add an electron pair tool. |
01:04 | Click on Chlorine atom and observe what happens. |
01:09 | Next, I will show an electron pair shift in the Carbon-Chlorine bond. |
01:14 | Click on Add a curved arrow to represent an electron pair move tool. |
01:18 | Property window opens. |
01:21 | Click on End arrow at center of new bond check box. |
01:26 | It moves the electron pair to the correct position. |
01:30 | Click on Carbon-Chlorine bond. |
01:33 | Place the cursor on the curved arrow and observe the electron shift. |
01:39 | I will make the copy of this structure. |
01:42 | Now, click on Add an arrow and click between the structures. |
01:48 | Formation of a Carbo-cation is initialized by a base like Sodium Hydroxide(NaOH). |
01:54 | Click on Add or modify a group of atoms tool, click above the arrow. |
02:00 | Type NaOH. |
02:04 | Click on Selection tool and select NaOH. |
02:09 | Right-click on the arrow. |
02:12 | In the sub-menu, select Arrow. |
02:13 | Click on Attach selection to arrow. |
02:18 | A dialog box with heading Arrow associated appears. |
02:23 | In the Role drop-down, select “Reactant” and click on Close. |
02:29 | Now, let's convert second EthylChloride to Ethyl Carbo-cation and Chloride ions. |
02:36 | Click on Eraser tool and click on Carbon-chlorine bond. |
02:42 | Ethane(CH3-CH3) and HCl are formed. |
02:45 | When electrons shift from Carbon to Chlorine, Carbon gains a positive charge. |
02:51 | Click on Increment the charge tool. |
02:54 | Click at the position from where Carbon-chlorine bond was deleted. |
02:59 | Ethyl Carbo-cation(CH3-CH2^+) is formed. |
03:02 | To form Chloride ion, click on Decrement the charge tool. |
03:07 | Click on HCl. Chloride(Cl^-) ion is formed. |
03:12 | Now let's move to single electron shift. |
03:15 | Let's use the Methylbromide structure to obtain free radicals. |
03:20 | Click on Add a curved arrow to represent a single electron move tool. |
03:26 | Click on Methylbromide bond to obtain a curved arrow. |
03:30 | Shift the Pencil tool a little on the bond, click again to get second curved arrow. |
03:38 | One arrow moves to bromo(Br) and other arrow moves towards methyl(CH3). |
03:44 | Both Bromo(Br) and methyl(CH3) will get one electron each from the bonded pair of electrons. |
03:51 | To show the products, let us add an arrow. |
03:54 | Click on Add an arrow, click on Display area beside Methylbromide. |
04:00 | Formation of free radicals involves heat in the reaction. |
04:04 | Click on Add or modify a text tool. |
04:08 | Click on the Display area above the arrow. |
04:11 | Type “Heat” in the green box. |
04:14 | Click on Selection tool and select “Heat”. |
04:19 | Right-click on the arrow. |
04:21 | In the Sub-menu select Arrow and Click on Attach selection to arrow. |
04:27 | A dialog box with heading Arrow associated appears. |
04:32 | Notice that Role drop down list has more options. |
04:37 | In the Role drop-down, select “Temperature” and |
04:40 | click on Close. |
04:43 | Now let's create the free radicals. |
04:46 | I will make a copy of this structure. |
04:50 | Click on Eraser tool and click on Carbon-bromine bond. |
04:55 | Methane(CH4) and Hydrogen-bromide(HBr) are formed. |
04:59 | Click on Add an unpaired electron tool. |
05:02 | Click on Methane(CH4) and Hydrogen-bromide(HBr) |
05:06 | Methyl(CH3) and Bromium(Br) free radicals are formed. |
05:10 | Click on Selection tool. |
05:12 | To create a reaction pathway, first select the complete reaction. |
05:17 | Now, right-click on the selection. |
05:20 | A sub-menu opens. |
05:22 | Click on Create a new reaction. |
05:25 | Reaction path is created. |
05:28 | Drag to see the reaction pathway. |
05:30 | Likewise, I will create the reaction pathway for the previous reaction. |
05:37 | We can also remove the reaction pathway, if we want to. |
05:41 | To do so, right-click on the reaction again. |
05:45 | Click on Destroy the reaction. |
05:48 | This action will remove the reaction pathway. |
05:51 | Drag any of the objects, and you will see that they can be moved individually. |
05:57 | Now we move on to Resonance or Mesomery using double headed arrow. |
06:02 | I have opened a new GChemPaint window with structures of Nitromethane. |
06:08 | I had added curved arrows and charges to show electron shifts within the structures. |
06:14 | Now let's add a double headed arrow. |
06:16 | Click on Add a double headed arrow. |
06:20 | Click on the Display area in between Nitromethanes. |
06:25 | The two structures are "Resonance structures" of Nitromethane. |
06:30 | Press Ctrl+A to select the structures. |
06:33 | Right-click on the selection. |
06:35 | A sub-menu opens. |
06:37 | Click on Create a new mesomery relationship. |
06:41 | Drag to see the relationship. |
06:44 | Here is slide for the Resonance Structures of Benzene. |
06:48 | Now, let's learn to create a retro-synthetic pathway. |
06:52 | I have opened a new GChemPaint window with the required structures. |
06:57 | Retrosynthetic pathway starts with the product and goes to the reactant along with all the intermediates. |
07:04 | In this pathway, the final product is Ortho-nitrophenol and the starting material is Benzene. |
07:10 | Let us add a retro-synthetic arrow, to show the retro-synthetic pathway. |
07:15 | Click on Add an arrow for a retrosynthetic step. |
07:20 | Click between all the compounds. |
07:25 | Press Ctrl+A to select the structures. |
07:28 | Right click on the selection. |
07:30 | A sub-menu opens. |
07:32 | Click on Create a new retrosynthesis pathway. |
07:36 | Drag to see the created pathway. |
07:39 | Let's summarize what we have learnt. |
07:41 | In this tutorial we have learnt to: |
07:44 | Show electron shifts using curved arrows |
07:48 | Attach reaction conditions to reaction arrows. |
07:52 | Create and destroy reaction pathway using a reaction arrow |
07:57 | Create a new mesomery relationship using double headed arrow |
08:01 | Create a retro-synthetic pathway using retro-synthetic arrow. |
08:06 | As an assignment,using arrow properties- |
08:10 | 1. Create a reaction pathway for the reaction of Bromo-Ethane (C2H5Br) and Sodium(Na) with solvent Dryether to get Butane & Sodiumbromide. |
08:20 | 2. Add stoichiometric coefficients to reaction molecules. |
08:24 | 3. Draw resonance structures of Naphthalene, Anthracene and Carbon-dioxide. |
08:30 | This is the required reaction pathway. |
08:33 | These are the resonance structures of Naphthalene, Anthracene and Carbon-dioxide. |
08:39 | Watch the video available at this URL. http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_ Tutorial |
08:43 | It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
08:45 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it |
08:50 | The Spoken Tutorial Project Team: Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
08:54 | Gives certificates to those who pass an on-line test. |
08:57 | For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org. |
09:03 | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project. |
09:08 | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
09:16 | More information on this Mission is available at this link http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro]. |
09:21 | This is Madhuri Ganapathi from IIT Bombay signing off. Thank you for joining. |