Difference between revisions of "C-and-C++/C3/Arrays/English-timed"
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{| border = 1 | {| border = 1 | ||
− | + | |'''Time''' | |
− | |Time | + | |'''Narration''' |
− | + | ||
− | |Narration | + | |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 12: | Line 9: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 00:07 | | 00:07 | ||
− | |In this tutorial we will learn | + | |In this tutorial we will learn: |
|- | |- | ||
| 00:09 | | 00:09 | ||
− | |What is an '''array | + | | What is an '''array''' |
|- | |- | ||
| 00:11 | | 00:11 | ||
− | |Declaration of an '''array | + | | Declaration of an '''array ''' |
|- | |- | ||
| 00:13 | | 00:13 | ||
− | |Initialization of an '''array | + | | Initialization of an '''array ''' |
|- | |- | ||
| 00:16 | | 00:16 | ||
− | | Few Examples on array | + | | Few Examples on array. |
|- | |- | ||
Line 36: | Line 33: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 00:22 | | 00:22 | ||
− | | To record this tutorial, I am using | + | | To record this tutorial, I am using |
|- | |- | ||
| 00:25 | | 00:25 | ||
− | |'''Ubuntu Operating System''' version 11.04 | + | |'''Ubuntu Operating System''' version 11.04, |
|- | |- | ||
|00:30 | |00:30 | ||
| '''gcc''' and '''g++ Compiler''' version 4.6.1 . | | '''gcc''' and '''g++ Compiler''' version 4.6.1 . | ||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
Line 69: | Line 65: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 00:55 | | 00:55 | ||
− | |'''Single dimensional array | + | |'''Single dimensional array ''' |
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|- | |- | ||
| 01:11 | | 01:11 | ||
− | |'''data-type name of the array and size''' | + | |'''data-type name of the array''' and '''size''' |
|- | |- | ||
|01:16 | |01:16 | ||
− | |example, here we have | + | |example, here we have declared an '''integer array''' 'star' which contains 5 elements. |
|- | |- | ||
|01:24 | |01:24 | ||
− | |The array index will start from star 0 to star 4 | + | |The array index will start from star 0 to star 4. |
|- | |- | ||
|01:29 | |01:29 | ||
− | |We saw the declaration of an array | + | |We saw the declaration of an array. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
|01:32 | |01:32 | ||
− | |Now, we will see the | + | |Now, we will see the initialization of an array. |
|- | |- | ||
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| 01:38 | | 01:38 | ||
|'''data-type,( name of the array ), size is equal to elements''' | |'''data-type,( name of the array ), size is equal to elements''' | ||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
| 01:44 | | 01:44 | ||
− | |example | + | |example: here we have declared an 'integer array star' with size 3. The elements of the array are 1,2 and 3. |
|- | |- | ||
|01:54 | |01:54 | ||
− | |Here the index will start from star 0 to star 2 | + | |Here the index will start from star 0 to star 2. |
|- | |- | ||
|01:59 | |01:59 | ||
− | |Now, lets us move to the examples | + | |Now, lets us move to the examples. |
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 02:06 | | 02:06 | ||
− | |Please | + | |Please note that our file name is '''array.c ''' |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 02:16 | | 02:16 | ||
− | | Let me explain the code now | + | | Let me explain the code now. |
|- | |- | ||
| 02:18 | | 02:18 | ||
| This is our '''header file.''' | | This is our '''header file.''' | ||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
|02:20 | |02:20 | ||
− | |This is our '''main | + | |This is our '''main()''' function. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 02:22 | | 02:22 | ||
− | | Here, we have declared and initialized an ''' | + | | Here, we have declared and initialized an array '''star''' with size 3. |
|- | |- | ||
| 02:28 | | 02:28 | ||
− | | The elements of the array are 4, 5 and 6 | + | | The elements of the array are 4, 5 and 6. |
|- | |- | ||
| 02:33 | | 02:33 | ||
− | |Then we have declared an | + | |Then we have declared an 'integer variable' '''sum'''. |
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 02:41 | | 02:41 | ||
− | |Note that 4 will be | + | |Note that 4 will be stored at index 0, 5 will be stored at index 1 and 6 will be stored at index 2. |
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 02:52 | | 02:52 | ||
− | |This is our '''return | + | |This is our '''return''' statement. |
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 02:59 | | 02:59 | ||
− | |Please open the terminal window by pressing '''Ctrl, Alt and T ''' keys simultaneously on your keyboard. | + | |Please open the terminal window by pressing '''Ctrl, Alt''' and '''T ''' keys simultaneously on your keyboard. |
|- | |- | ||
| 03:09 | | 03:09 | ||
− | |To compile | + | |To compile, type '''gcc space array dot c space hypen o array''' and press '''Enter.''' |
|- | |- | ||
| 03:19 | | 03:19 | ||
− | | To execute | + | | To execute, type '''dot slash array '''(./array). Press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 03:28 | | 03:28 | ||
− | |Now let us see some common errors which we can come | + | |Now let us see some common errors which we can come across. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 03:34 | | 03:34 | ||
− | |Suppose | + | |Suppose, here at line number 4, we miss the curly brackets. |
|- | |- | ||
| 03:39 | | 03:39 | ||
− | |Click on '''Save'''. Let us see what happens | + | |Click on '''Save'''. Let us see what happens. |
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 03:47 | | 03:47 | ||
− | | We see an error | + | | We see an error: |
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 04:09 | | 04:09 | ||
− | |Now, click on '''Save''' | + | |Now, click on '''Save'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:12 | | 04:12 | ||
− | |Lets us execute. Come back to the terminal | + | |Lets us execute. Come back to the terminal. |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:15 | | 04:15 | ||
|Let us compile as before. Let us execute as before. | |Let us compile as before. Let us execute as before. | ||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
| 04:19 | | 04:19 | ||
− | | Yes,it is working | + | | Yes, it is working. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 04:30 | | 04:30 | ||
− | |First press '''Shift , Ctrl and S''' keys simultaneously on your keyboard | + | |First, press '''Shift , Ctrl''' and '''S''' keys simultaneously on your keyboard. |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:38 | | 04:38 | ||
− | |Now save the file with the extension | + | |Now save the file with the extension '''dot cpp''' (.cpp) and click on '''Save'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:44 | | 04:44 | ||
− | |Let us change the ''' header file''' as '''iostream''' | + | |Let us change the ''' header file''' as '''iostream'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:49 | | 04:49 | ||
− | |Now include the '''using''' statement | + | |Now include the '''using''' statement. |
|- | |- | ||
| 04:55 | | 04:55 | ||
− | |The declaration and initialization of an array is same in C++ | + | |The declaration and initialization of an array is same in C++. |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:01 | | 05:01 | ||
− | |Hence no need to change anything here | + | |Hence no need to change anything here. |
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 05:09 | | 05:09 | ||
− | |Delete the format specifier and | + | |Delete the format specifier and backslash n (\n), now delete the comma and type two opening angle brackets. |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:17 | | 05:17 | ||
− | |Delete the bracket here. Again type two opening angle brackets and within the double quotes type | + | |Delete the bracket here. Again type two opening angle brackets and within the double quotes type backslash n (\n). |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:26 | | 05:26 | ||
− | |Now click on '''Save.''' | + | |Now, click on '''Save.''' |
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 05:32 | | 05:32 | ||
− | |To compile | + | |To compile, type '''g++ space array dot cpp space hyphen o space array1''' |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:42 | | 05:42 | ||
− | |Here we have array1 because we | + | |Here we have array1 because we don't want to overwrite the output parameter '''array''' for the file '''array dot c'''. |
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 05:54 | | 05:54 | ||
− | |To execute type,''' dot slash array1''' .Press '''Enter''' | + | |To execute type,''' dot slash array1'''(./array1) . Press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
| 05:59 | | 05:59 | ||
− | |The output is displayed as | + | |The output is displayed as: '''The sum is 15''' |
|- | |- | ||
| 06:02 | | 06:02 | ||
− | |We can see that it is similar to our C code | + | |We can see that it is similar to our C code. |
|- | |- | ||
| 06:07 | | 06:07 | ||
|Now, we will see another common error. | |Now, we will see another common error. | ||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
| 06:10 | | 06:10 | ||
− | |Come back to our program | + | |Come back to our program. |
|- | |- | ||
| 06:12 | | 06:12 | ||
− | |Suppose here, at line number 7 | + | |Suppose here, at line number 7, |
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 06:23 | | 06:23 | ||
− | | | + | |click on Save.Let us execute. Come back to our terminal. |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| 06:36 | | 06:36 | ||
|We get an unexpected output. | |We get an unexpected output. | ||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 06:54 | | 06:54 | ||
− | |Type 0 here 1 and 2. Click on Save | + | |Type 0 here 1 and 2. Click on Save. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:02 | | 07:02 | ||
− | |Let us execute. Come back to our terminal | + | |Let us execute. Come back to our terminal. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:05 | | 07:05 | ||
− | |Let us compile as before. Execute as before | + | |Let us compile as before. Execute as before. |
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 07:12 | | 07:12 | ||
− | |Now, we will go back to our slides | + | |Now, we will go back to our slides. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:14 | | 07:14 | ||
− | |Le us summarize | + | |Le us summarize. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:16 | | 07:16 | ||
− | |In this tutorial we learned | + | |In this tutorial we learned: |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 07:19 | | 07:19 | ||
− | |Arrays | + | |Arrays , To declare Single Dimensional Arrays |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 07:23 | | 07:23 | ||
− | |To initialize Single Dimensional Arrays | + | | To initialize Single Dimensional Arrays |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 07:26 | | 07:26 | ||
− | |example''' int star[3]={4, 5, 6}''' | + | |example '''int star[3]={4, 5, 6}''' |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:31 | | 07:31 | ||
− | |To add the | + | |To add the elements of the array, example sum is equal to star 0 plus star 1 plus star 2. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:40 | | 07:40 | ||
− | |As an assignment, | + | |As an assignment, write a program to calculate the difference of the elements stored in an array. |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 07:47 | | 07:47 | ||
− | |Watch the video available at the link shown below | + | |Watch the video available at the link shown below. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:50 | | 07:50 | ||
− | |It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project | + | |It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:53 | | 07:53 | ||
− | |If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it | + | |If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
|- | |- | ||
| 07:57 | | 07:57 | ||
− | |The Spoken Tutorial Project Team | + | |The Spoken Tutorial Project Team: |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:00 | | 08:00 | ||
− | |Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials | + | |Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:03 | | 08:03 | ||
− | |Gives certificates to those who pass an online test | + | |Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:06 | | 08:06 | ||
− | |For more details, please write to, contact@spoken-tutorial.org | + | |For more details, please write to, contact@spoken-tutorial.org. |
|- | |- | ||
|08:13 | |08:13 | ||
− | |Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project | + | |Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:17 | | 08:17 | ||
− | |It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India | + | |It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 08:25 | | 08:25 | ||
− | |More information on this | + | |More information on this mission is available at the link shown below. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:30 | | 08:30 | ||
− | |This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay signing off | + | |This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay, signing off. |
|- | |- | ||
| 08:33 | | 08:33 | ||
|Thank You for watching. | |Thank You for watching. |
Latest revision as of 14:26, 24 March 2017
Time | Narration |
00:01 | Welcome to the spoken-tutorial on Arrays in C and C++. |
00:07 | In this tutorial we will learn: |
00:09 | What is an array |
00:11 | Declaration of an array |
00:13 | Initialization of an array |
00:16 | Few Examples on array. |
00:18 | We will also see some common errors and their solutions. |
00:22 | To record this tutorial, I am using |
00:25 | Ubuntu Operating System version 11.04, |
00:30 | gcc and g++ Compiler version 4.6.1 . |
00:36 | Let us start with the introduction to Array. |
00:39 | Array is the collection of data or elements of same data-type. |
00:44 | Array index starts from 0. |
00:48 | The first element is stored at index 0. |
00:52 | There are three types of arrays: |
00:55 | Single dimensional array |
00:57 | Two dimensional array and |
00:59 | Multi-dimensional array. |
01:01 | We will be discussing single dimensional array in this tutorial. |
01:06 | Let us see how to declare single dimensional array. |
01:09 | The Syntax for this is: |
01:11 | data-type name of the array and size |
01:16 | example, here we have declared an integer array 'star' which contains 5 elements. |
01:24 | The array index will start from star 0 to star 4. |
01:29 | We saw the declaration of an array. |
01:32 | Now, we will see the initialization of an array. |
01:35 | The Syntax for this is: |
01:38 | data-type,( name of the array ), size is equal to elements |
01:44 | example: here we have declared an 'integer array star' with size 3. The elements of the array are 1,2 and 3. |
01:54 | Here the index will start from star 0 to star 2. |
01:59 | Now, lets us move to the examples. |
02:01 | I have already typed the program on the editor. |
02:04 | So, let me open it. |
02:06 | Please note that our file name is array.c |
02:10 | In this program, we will calculate the sum of the elements stored in an array. |
02:16 | Let me explain the code now. |
02:18 | This is our header file. |
02:20 | This is our main() function. |
02:22 | Here, we have declared and initialized an array star with size 3. |
02:28 | The elements of the array are 4, 5 and 6. |
02:33 | Then we have declared an 'integer variable' sum. |
02:36 | Here we add the elements of the array and store the result in sum. |
02:41 | Note that 4 will be stored at index 0, 5 will be stored at index 1 and 6 will be stored at index 2. |
02:50 | Then we print the sum. |
02:52 | This is our return statement. |
02:54 | Now, click on Save. |
02:57 | Let us execute the program. |
02:59 | Please open the terminal window by pressing Ctrl, Alt and T keys simultaneously on your keyboard. |
03:09 | To compile, type gcc space array dot c space hypen o array and press Enter. |
03:19 | To execute, type dot slash array (./array). Press Enter. |
03:24 | Here the output is displayed as, |
03:26 | The sum is 15. |
03:28 | Now let us see some common errors which we can come across. |
03:32 | Come back to our program. |
03:34 | Suppose, here at line number 4, we miss the curly brackets. |
03:39 | Click on Save. Let us see what happens. |
03:42 | Come back to the terminal. |
03:44 | Let us compile as before. |
03:47 | We see an error: |
03:49 | Invalid initializer and Expected identifier or bracket before numeric constant. |
03:56 | This is because arrays must be initialized within curly brackets. |
04:01 | Come back to our program. Let us fix the error. |
04:04 | Type the curly brackets here at line number 4. |
04:09 | Now, click on Save. |
04:12 | Lets us execute. Come back to the terminal. |
04:15 | Let us compile as before. Let us execute as before. |
04:19 | Yes, it is working. |
04:21 | Now we will execute the same program in C++. |
04:25 | Come back to our program. |
04:28 | I will change a few things here. |
04:30 | First, press Shift , Ctrl and S keys simultaneously on your keyboard. |
04:38 | Now save the file with the extension dot cpp (.cpp) and click on Save. |
04:44 | Let us change the header file as iostream. |
04:49 | Now include the using statement. |
04:55 | The declaration and initialization of an array is same in C++. |
05:01 | Hence no need to change anything here. |
05:04 | Now replace the printf statement with the cout statement. |
05:09 | Delete the format specifier and backslash n (\n), now delete the comma and type two opening angle brackets. |
05:17 | Delete the bracket here. Again type two opening angle brackets and within the double quotes type backslash n (\n). |
05:26 | Now, click on Save. |
05:29 | Let us execute. Come back to a terminal. |
05:32 | To compile, type g++ space array dot cpp space hyphen o space array1 |
05:42 | Here we have array1 because we don't want to overwrite the output parameter array for the file array dot c. |
05:51 | Now press Enter. |
05:54 | To execute type, dot slash array1(./array1) . Press Enter. |
05:59 | The output is displayed as: The sum is 15 |
06:02 | We can see that it is similar to our C code. |
06:07 | Now, we will see another common error. |
06:10 | Come back to our program. |
06:12 | Suppose here, at line number 7, |
06:14 | I will type star[1], star[2] and star[3]; |
06:23 | click on Save.Let us execute. Come back to our terminal. |
06:28 | Let me clear the prompt. |
06:30 | Let us compile as before. |
06:33 | Let us execute as before. |
06:36 | We get an unexpected output. |
06:39 | This is because array index starts from 0. |
06:43 | Come back to our program. We can see here the array index starts from one. |
06:49 | Hence it is giving an error. Let us fix the error. |
06:54 | Type 0 here 1 and 2. Click on Save. |
07:02 | Let us execute. Come back to our terminal. |
07:05 | Let us compile as before. Execute as before. |
07:09 | Yes, it is working. |
07:12 | Now, we will go back to our slides. |
07:14 | Le us summarize. |
07:16 | In this tutorial we learned: |
07:19 | Arrays , To declare Single Dimensional Arrays |
07:23 | To initialize Single Dimensional Arrays |
07:26 | example int star[3]={4, 5, 6} |
07:31 | To add the elements of the array, example sum is equal to star 0 plus star 1 plus star 2. |
07:40 | As an assignment, write a program to calculate the difference of the elements stored in an array. |
07:47 | Watch the video available at the link shown below. |
07:50 | It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
07:53 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
07:57 | The Spoken Tutorial Project Team: |
08:00 | Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
08:03 | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
08:06 | For more details, please write to, contact@spoken-tutorial.org. |
08:13 | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of Talk to a Teacher project. |
08:17 | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
08:25 | More information on this mission is available at the link shown below. |
08:30 | This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay, signing off. |
08:33 | Thank You for watching. |