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{| border=1 | {| border=1 | ||
− | + | | '''Time''' | |
− | + | | '''Narration''' | |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:01 |
− | |Welcome to the spoken tutorial on if and if-else conditional statements in | + | |Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''if and if-else conditional statements''' in '''PERL'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:07 |
− | | In this tutorial, we will learn about | + | | In this tutorial, we will learn about: |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:09 |
− | + | |'''if ''' statement and | |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:11 |
− | + | |''' if-else''' statement in Perl. I am using '''Ubuntu Linux 12.04''' operating system and '''Perl 5.14.2'''. | |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:20 |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|I will also be using the '''gedit Text Editor'''. | |I will also be using the '''gedit Text Editor'''. | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:24 |
|You can use any text editor of your choice. | |You can use any text editor of your choice. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:28 |
− | | You should have basic knowledge of | + | | You should have basic knowledge of variables and '''comments''' in''' Perl.''' |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:33 |
− | |Knowledge of '''for''', '''foreach''' , '''while and do-while '''loops in '''Perl''' will be an added advantage. | + | |Knowledge of '''for''', '''foreach''' , '''while''' and '''do-while '''loops in '''Perl''' will be an added advantage. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:40 |
− | |Please go through the relevant spoken tutorials on the | + | |Please go through the relevant spoken tutorials on the '''Spoken Tutorial''' website. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00 | + | | 00:45 |
− | | Perl provides the following conditional statements | + | | Perl provides the following conditional statements: |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:49 |
− | |if | + | | '''if''', '''if-else ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:51 |
− | + | | '''if-elsif-else''' and | |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | |if-elsif-else and | + | |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:53 |
− | |In this tutorial, we | + | |'''switch '''.In this tutorial, we will cover '''if '''and '''if-else''' statements. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |00 | + | |00:59 |
− | |if statement in Perl can be used | + | |'''if''' statement in '''Perl''' can be used |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | | 01:01 |
| to execute a piece of code only when a specified condition is satisfied. | | to execute a piece of code only when a specified condition is satisfied. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:07 |
− | |The syntax of if conditional statement is as follows | + | |The syntax of '''if''' conditional statement is as follows: |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:11 |
− | |if space open bracket condition close bracket space | + | |'''if''' space open bracket '''condition''' close bracket space open curly bracket |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:19 |
− | |Enter | + | |'''Enter'''.Piece of code semicolon to be executed when the condition is true |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:25 |
− | | | + | | '''Enter''' close curly bracket. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:29 |
− | | | + | |The code inside the '''if''' statement will be executed only when the '''condition''' is true. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:36 |
− | | | + | | Now, let us look at an example of '''if ''' statement. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | | 01:40 |
− | | | + | |Open the Terminal and type: |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01 | + | |01:43 |
− | | | + | |'''gedit conditionalBlocks dot pl''' space '''&'''(ampersand ) |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:49 |
− | | | + | |and press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:52 |
− | | | + | |This will open the '''conditionalBlocks.pl''' file in '''gedit'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |01 | + | |01:57 |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|Type the following piece of code as displayed on the screen. | |Type the following piece of code as displayed on the screen. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:02 |
− | |Here we have specified a condition for if which checks the value of variable count. | + | |Here we have specified a condition for '''if''' which checks the value of variable '''count'''. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:09 |
− | | Note the equal to equal to sign here. This is the comparison operator. | + | | Note the '''equal to equal to''' sign here. This is the comparison operator. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:15 |
− | |The condition $count equal to equal to 5 is checked against the value of variable count. | + | |The condition '''$count equal to equal to 5 ''' is checked against the value of variable '''count'''. |
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:23 |
− | |When it is equal to 5, the code within the if block will get executed. | + | |When it is equal to 5, the code within the '''if''' block will get executed. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:28 |
− | |Now, press ctrl+s to save the file. | + | |Now, press '''ctrl+s''' to '''save''' the file. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:32 |
|Then switch to the terminal. | |Then switch to the terminal. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:36 |
| Make sure that you are in the directory in which you have saved your file. | | Make sure that you are in the directory in which you have saved your file. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:41 |
− | |Type the following to check for any compilation or syntax error | + | |Type the following to check for any compilation or syntax error: |
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:46 |
− | |perl hyphen c conditionalBlocks dot pl | + | |'''perl hyphen c conditionalBlocks dot pl''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:53 |
− | | | + | |and press '''Enter. ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |02 | + | |02:55 |
− | |The following line will be displayed on the terminal window | + | |The following line will be displayed on the terminal window: |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02 | + | | 02:59 |
− | | conditionalBlocks.pl syntax OK | + | | "conditionalBlocks.pl syntax OK". |
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |03:04 |
− | | As there is no compilation or syntax error, we will execute the Perl script by typing | + | | As there is no compilation or syntax error, we will execute the Perl script by typing: |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |03 | + | |03:10 |
− | |perl conditionalBlocks dot pl | + | |'''perl conditionalBlocks dot pl ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:14 |
− | | and press Enter | + | | and press '''Enter'''. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |03 | + | |03:16 |
|The following output will be shown on terminal. | |The following output will be shown on terminal. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:19 |
− | | | + | | "I am inside if statement". |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03 | + | | 03:23 |
− | |Switch back to gedit | + | |Switch back to '''gedit'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |03 | + | |03:26 |
− | |Alternately, we can write the above if statement as | + | |Alternately, we can write the above ''' if''' statement as: |
|- | |- | ||
− | |03 | + | |03:31 |
− | |print space double | + | |'''print''' space double quotes '''I am inside if statement''' backslash '''n''' close double quotes space '''if''' space open bracket '''dollar count space equal to equal to space 5''' close bracket semicolon. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 03:57 |
− | |Now, let us look at if-else statement. | + | |Now, let us look at '''if-else''' statement. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |04 | + | |04:01 |
− | |This statement is used when user wants to execute | + | |This statement is used when user wants to execute- |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |04 | + | |04:06 |
− | |one piece of code when the condition is | + | |one piece of code when the condition is '''True''' and |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |04:09 |
− | | another piece of code when the condition is | + | | another piece of code when the condition is '''False'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |04:13 |
− | | The syntax for if-else condition is as follows | + | | The syntax for '''if-else''' condition is as follows: |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |04:17 |
− | | if space open bracket condition close bracket space open curly bracket Press Enter. | + | | '''if ''' space open bracket '''condition''' close bracket space open curly bracket Press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | |04:27 |
|piece of code semicolon | |piece of code semicolon | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | |04:29 |
− | | | + | | to be executed when '''if''' condition is '''true''', |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |04 | + | |04:32 |
− | | | + | |press '''Enter ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |04 | + | |04:34 |
− | |close curly bracket space else space open curly bracket Enter | + | |close curly bracket space '''else''' space open curly bracket '''Enter''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |04 | + | |04:41 |
− | + | | another piece of code semicolon | |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |04 | + | |04:43 |
− | |to be executed when if condition is false | + | |to be executed when '''if''' condition is '''false''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |04 | + | |04:47 |
− | | | + | |press '''Enter''' close curly bracket. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |04 | + | |04:51 |
− | | Now again | + | | Now, again go to the '''conditionalBlocks.pl''' file which we have already created in '''gedit'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04 | + | | 04:58 |
− | | | + | | Assign 4 to '''count''' variable. Then at the end of the '''if''' block, type: space |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05 | + | | 05:07 |
− | | | + | |''' else ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | |05:09 |
− | | space open curly bracket press Enter | + | | space open curly bracket press '''Enter ''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | |05:14 |
− | |print space double | + | |'''print''' space double quotes '''I am inside else statement backslash n''' double quotes complete semicolon. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | |05:30 |
− | |Press Enter and close | + | |Press '''Enter''' and close curly bracket. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | |05:34 |
− | |Here, 4 is assigned to variable $count. | + | |Here, 4 is assigned to variable '''$count.''' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | |05:38 |
− | |As the value of count variable does not match 5, | + | |As the value of '''count''' variable does not match 5, |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | |05:43 |
− | |the code within the if block will not get | + | |the code within the '''if''' block will not get executed. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | |05:47 |
− | | | + | |Instead, the code within the '''else''' block will get executed. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | |05:52 |
− | |Now press Ctrl+S to save the file. | + | |Now press ''' Ctrl+S''' to '''save''' the file. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |05:56 |
− | | Now switch to terminal | + | | Now switch to terminal |
|- | |- | ||
− | |05 | + | |05:59 |
− | |and type perl hyphen c conditionalBlocks dot pl to check for any compilation or syntax error | + | |and type: '''perl hyphen c conditionalBlocks dot pl''' to check for any compilation or syntax error. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |06:11 |
− | | | + | |Now, press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |06:13 |
− | | The following line will be displayed on the terminal | + | |The following line will be displayed on the terminal: |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | |06:17 |
− | | | + | |"conditionalBlocks.pl syntax OK" |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |06:20 |
− | |As there is no compilation or syntax error, we will now execute the Perl script. | + | |As there is no compilation or syntax error, we will now execute the '''Perl script'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |06 | + | |06:27 |
− | |Type perl conditionalBlocks dot pl | + | |Type: '''perl conditionalBlocks dot pl ''' |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |06:33 |
− | | and press Enter | + | |and press '''Enter'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |06:35 |
| The following output will be shown on terminal. | | The following output will be shown on terminal. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |06 | + | |06:39 |
− | |I am inside else statement | + | |"I am inside else statement". |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:44 |
|Let us summarize. | |Let us summarize. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:46 |
− | | In this tutorial, we have learnt | + | | In this tutorial, we have learnt: |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |06 | + | |06:49 |
− | |if-else conditional statements in Perl | + | |'''if''' and '''if-else''' conditional statements in Perl |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:53 |
− | | | + | | using sample programs. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:55 |
− | | Here is assignment for you | + | | Here is an assignment for you: |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06 | + | | 06:57 |
− | | | + | | Print “It is an open source language” |
|- | |- | ||
− | |07 | + | |07:01 |
− | | when the variable declared has value 'Perl' | + | | when the variable declared has value 'Perl' |
|- | |- | ||
− | |07 | + | |07:04 |
− | |otherwise print “It's a proprietary language” | + | |otherwise, print “It's a proprietary language”. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |07 | + | |07:08 |
− | |Watch the video available at the following link | + | |Watch the video available at the following link. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |07 | + | |07:11 |
− | |It | + | |It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |07 | + | |07:15 |
− | |If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it | + | |If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07 | + | | 07:20 |
− | | | + | | The Spoken Tutorial project team: |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07 | + | | 07:22 |
− | | Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials | + | |Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |07 | + | |07:26 |
− | |Gives certificates to those who pass an online | + | | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |07 | + | |07:31 |
− | |For more details, please write to contact at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org | + | |For more details, please write to contact at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07 | + | | 07:37 |
− | | Spoken Tutorial | + | | "Spoken Tutorial" project is a part of the "Talk to a Teacher" project. |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |07 | + | |07:42 |
|It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. | |It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |07 | + | |07:50 |
− | |More information on this | + | |More information on this mission is available at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org slash NMEICT hyphen Intro. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08 | + | | 08:00 |
− | | | + | | Hope you enjoyed this '''Perl''' tutorial. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |08 | + | |08:04 |
− | |This is Amol Brahmankar signing off. | + | |This is Amol Brahmankar, signing off. |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |08 | + | |08:06 |
|Thanks for joining. | |Thanks for joining. | ||
|} | |} |
Latest revision as of 15:24, 10 March 2017
Time | Narration |
00:01 | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on if and if-else conditional statements in PERL. |
00:07 | In this tutorial, we will learn about: |
00:09 | if statement and |
00:11 | if-else statement in Perl. I am using Ubuntu Linux 12.04 operating system and Perl 5.14.2. |
00:20 | I will also be using the gedit Text Editor. |
00:24 | You can use any text editor of your choice. |
00:28 | You should have basic knowledge of variables and comments in Perl. |
00:33 | Knowledge of for, foreach , while and do-while loops in Perl will be an added advantage. |
00:40 | Please go through the relevant spoken tutorials on the Spoken Tutorial website. |
00:45 | Perl provides the following conditional statements: |
00:49 | if, if-else |
00:51 | if-elsif-else and |
00:53 | switch .In this tutorial, we will cover if and if-else statements. |
00:59 | if statement in Perl can be used |
01:01 | to execute a piece of code only when a specified condition is satisfied. |
01:07 | The syntax of if conditional statement is as follows: |
01:11 | if space open bracket condition close bracket space open curly bracket |
01:19 | Enter.Piece of code semicolon to be executed when the condition is true |
01:25 | Enter close curly bracket. |
01:29 | The code inside the if statement will be executed only when the condition is true. |
01:36 | Now, let us look at an example of if statement. |
01:40 | Open the Terminal and type: |
01:43 | gedit conditionalBlocks dot pl space &(ampersand ) |
01:49 | and press Enter. |
01:52 | This will open the conditionalBlocks.pl file in gedit. |
01:57 | Type the following piece of code as displayed on the screen. |
02:02 | Here we have specified a condition for if which checks the value of variable count. |
02:09 | Note the equal to equal to sign here. This is the comparison operator. |
02:15 | The condition $count equal to equal to 5 is checked against the value of variable count. |
02:23 | When it is equal to 5, the code within the if block will get executed. |
02:28 | Now, press ctrl+s to save the file. |
02:32 | Then switch to the terminal. |
02:36 | Make sure that you are in the directory in which you have saved your file. |
02:41 | Type the following to check for any compilation or syntax error: |
02:46 | perl hyphen c conditionalBlocks dot pl |
02:53 | and press Enter. |
02:55 | The following line will be displayed on the terminal window: |
02:59 | "conditionalBlocks.pl syntax OK". |
03:04 | As there is no compilation or syntax error, we will execute the Perl script by typing: |
03:10 | perl conditionalBlocks dot pl |
03:14 | and press Enter. |
03:16 | The following output will be shown on terminal. |
03:19 | "I am inside if statement". |
03:23 | Switch back to gedit. |
03:26 | Alternately, we can write the above if statement as: |
03:31 | print space double quotes I am inside if statement backslash n close double quotes space if space open bracket dollar count space equal to equal to space 5 close bracket semicolon. |
03:57 | Now, let us look at if-else statement. |
04:01 | This statement is used when user wants to execute- |
04:06 | one piece of code when the condition is True and |
04:09 | another piece of code when the condition is False. |
04:13 | The syntax for if-else condition is as follows: |
04:17 | if space open bracket condition close bracket space open curly bracket Press Enter. |
04:27 | piece of code semicolon |
04:29 | to be executed when if condition is true, |
04:32 | press Enter |
04:34 | close curly bracket space else space open curly bracket Enter |
04:41 | another piece of code semicolon |
04:43 | to be executed when if condition is false |
04:47 | press Enter close curly bracket. |
04:51 | Now, again go to the conditionalBlocks.pl file which we have already created in gedit. |
04:58 | Assign 4 to count variable. Then at the end of the if block, type: space |
05:07 | else |
05:09 | space open curly bracket press Enter |
05:14 | print space double quotes I am inside else statement backslash n double quotes complete semicolon. |
05:30 | Press Enter and close curly bracket. |
05:34 | Here, 4 is assigned to variable $count. |
05:38 | As the value of count variable does not match 5, |
05:43 | the code within the if block will not get executed. |
05:47 | Instead, the code within the else block will get executed. |
05:52 | Now press Ctrl+S to save the file. |
05:56 | Now switch to terminal |
05:59 | and type: perl hyphen c conditionalBlocks dot pl to check for any compilation or syntax error. |
06:11 | Now, press Enter. |
06:13 | The following line will be displayed on the terminal: |
06:17 | "conditionalBlocks.pl syntax OK" |
06:20 | As there is no compilation or syntax error, we will now execute the Perl script. |
06:27 | Type: perl conditionalBlocks dot pl |
06:33 | and press Enter. |
06:35 | The following output will be shown on terminal. |
06:39 | "I am inside else statement". |
06:44 | Let us summarize. |
06:46 | In this tutorial, we have learnt: |
06:49 | if and if-else conditional statements in Perl |
06:53 | using sample programs. |
06:55 | Here is an assignment for you: |
06:57 | Print “It is an open source language” |
07:01 | when the variable declared has value 'Perl' |
07:04 | otherwise, print “It's a proprietary language”. |
07:08 | Watch the video available at the following link. |
07:11 | It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project. |
07:15 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
07:20 | The Spoken Tutorial project team: |
07:22 | Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials. |
07:26 | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test. |
07:31 | For more details, please write to contact at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org. |
07:37 | "Spoken Tutorial" project is a part of the "Talk to a Teacher" project. |
07:42 | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India. |
07:50 | More information on this mission is available at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org slash NMEICT hyphen Intro. |
08:00 | Hope you enjoyed this Perl tutorial. |
08:04 | This is Amol Brahmankar, signing off. |
08:06 | Thanks for joining. |