Difference between revisions of "C-and-C++/C2/Relational-Operators/English-timed"
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| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Relational Operators''' in '''C''' and '''C++'''. | | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Relational Operators''' in '''C''' and '''C++'''. | ||
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− | |00. | + | |00.06 |
| In this tutorial, we will learn about: | | In this tutorial, we will learn about: | ||
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− | |00. | + | |00.11 |
|Less than: eg. a < b | |Less than: eg. a < b | ||
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− | |00. | + | |00.14 |
|Greater than: eg. a > b | |Greater than: eg. a > b | ||
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− | |00. | + | |00.17 |
|Less than or equal to: eg. a <= b | |Less than or equal to: eg. a <= b | ||
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− | |00. | + | |00.22 |
|Greater than or equal to: eg. a >= b | |Greater than or equal to: eg. a >= b | ||
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− | |00. | + | |00.27 |
|Equal to: eg. a == b | |Equal to: eg. a == b | ||
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− | |00. | + | |00.30 |
|Not equal to: eg. a != b | |Not equal to: eg. a != b | ||
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− | | 00. | + | | 00.37 |
| To record this tutorial, I am using: '''Ubuntu 11.10''' as the operating system | | To record this tutorial, I am using: '''Ubuntu 11.10''' as the operating system | ||
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− | |00. | + | |00.42 |
|'''gcc''' and '''g++ Compiler '''version '''4.6.1 '''in '''Ubuntu.''' | |'''gcc''' and '''g++ Compiler '''version '''4.6.1 '''in '''Ubuntu.''' | ||
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|Expressions using relational operators '''return''' 0 for false and 1 for true. | |Expressions using relational operators '''return''' 0 for false and 1 for true. | ||
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| I have already made the program. | | I have already made the program. | ||
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| First, we declare two variables '''a '''and '''b'''. | | First, we declare two variables '''a '''and '''b'''. | ||
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− | | 01. | + | | 01.20 |
| This '''printf''' statement prompts the user to enter the values of a and b. | | This '''printf''' statement prompts the user to enter the values of a and b. | ||
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− | | 01. | + | | 01.26 |
| This '''scanf '''statement takes input for the variables '''a '''and '''b'''. | | This '''scanf '''statement takes input for the variables '''a '''and '''b'''. | ||
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− | | 01. | + | | 01.32 |
| Now we have the '''greater than''' operator. | | Now we have the '''greater than''' operator. | ||
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|It '''returns''' ''False''' if '''a''' is greater than '''b'''. | |It '''returns''' ''False''' if '''a''' is greater than '''b'''. | ||
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− | | 01. | + | | 01.43 |
| This '''printf '''statement is executed if the above condition is true. | | This '''printf '''statement is executed if the above condition is true. | ||
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− | |01. | + | |01.47 |
|If the above condition is '''false '''then it is skipped. | |If the above condition is '''false '''then it is skipped. | ||
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− | |01. | + | |01.50 |
|The control then jumps to the next statement. | |The control then jumps to the next statement. | ||
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− | | 01. | + | | 01.53 |
| We now have the '''less than''' operator. | | We now have the '''less than''' operator. | ||
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|It '''returns''' '''true''' when '''a''' is less than '''b'''. | |It '''returns''' '''true''' when '''a''' is less than '''b'''. | ||
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− | | 02. | + | | 02.02 |
|This '''printf''' statement is executed if the above condition is '''true.''' | |This '''printf''' statement is executed if the above condition is '''true.''' | ||
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− | |02. | + | |02.06 |
|It is skipped otherwise. | |It is skipped otherwise. | ||
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|02.13 | |02.13 | ||
− | |First comment out the following. Type /* | + | |First comment out the following. |
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |02.16 | ||
+ | |Type /* | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |02.21 | ||
+ | | */ ''' ''' | ||
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− | | 02. | + | | 02.29 |
| Open the terminal window by pressing '''Ctrl, Alt and T '''keys''' '''simultaneously. | | Open the terminal window by pressing '''Ctrl, Alt and T '''keys''' '''simultaneously. | ||
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− | | 02. | + | | 02.35 |
− | | To compile, type the following on the terminal '''gcc relational | + | | To compile, type the following on the terminal '''gcc space relational dot c space -o space rel''' |
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− | | 02. | + | | 02.49 |
| Press '''Enter'''. | | Press '''Enter'''. | ||
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− | | 02. | + | | 02.51 |
| To execute type '''./rel''' Press '''Enter'''. | | To execute type '''./rel''' Press '''Enter'''. | ||
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− | | 02. | + | | 02.56 |
| I enter '''a''' as 8 and '''b '''as 3. | | I enter '''a''' as 8 and '''b '''as 3. | ||
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− | | 03. | + | | 03.01 |
| The output is displayed: | | The output is displayed: | ||
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− | | 03. | + | | 03.03 |
| 8 is greater than 3. | | 8 is greater than 3. | ||
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− | |03. | + | |03.11 |
| Coming back to the code. | | Coming back to the code. | ||
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| 03.14 | | 03.14 | ||
− | | Delete the comment from here and put it here. | + | | Delete the comment from here |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 03.18 | ||
+ | | and put it here. | ||
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− | | 03. | + | | 03.28 |
| This operator compares the two operands on either side of the operator. | | This operator compares the two operands on either side of the operator. | ||
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− | |03. | + | |03.38 |
| This '''printf '''statement is executed if the above condition is true. | | This '''printf '''statement is executed if the above condition is true. | ||
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− | | 03. | + | | 03.42 |
| If the above condition is '''false '''then it is skipped. | | If the above condition is '''false '''then it is skipped. | ||
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− | | 03. | + | | 03.45 |
| The control then jumps to the next statement. | | The control then jumps to the next statement. | ||
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− | | 03. | + | | 03.49 |
| Next comes the '''greater than or equal to '''operator. | | Next comes the '''greater than or equal to '''operator. | ||
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− | | 03. | + | | 03.52 |
| It compares '''a '''and '''b '''and '''returns''' '''true''' if '''a''' is greater than or equal to '''b'''. | | It compares '''a '''and '''b '''and '''returns''' '''true''' if '''a''' is greater than or equal to '''b'''. | ||
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− | | 04. | + | | 04.00 |
| If the condition is true then this printf statement will be executed. | | If the condition is true then this printf statement will be executed. | ||
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| Click on '''Save'''. | | Click on '''Save'''. | ||
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− | | 04. | + | | 04.09 |
| Switch back to the terminal. | | Switch back to the terminal. | ||
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− | | 04. | + | | 04.22 |
| The output is displayed: | | The output is displayed: | ||
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| 04.33 | | 04.33 | ||
− | | Delete the multiline comments from here | + | | Delete the multiline comments from here |
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 04.39 | ||
+ | | and here. | ||
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− | | 05. | + | | 05.00 |
| If not, the control then jumps on to the next statement. | | If not, the control then jumps on to the next statement. | ||
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− | | 05. | + | | 05.08 |
| This operator '''returns true''' when the operands are not equal to one another. | | This operator '''returns true''' when the operands are not equal to one another. | ||
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− | | 05. | + | | 05.20 |
|Coming to the end of the program. | |Coming to the end of the program. | ||
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− | | 05. | + | | 05.32 |
| Enter '''a''' as 8 and '''b '''as 3. | | Enter '''a''' as 8 and '''b '''as 3. | ||
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− | | 05. | + | | 05.38 |
| The output is displayed on the screen: | | The output is displayed on the screen: | ||
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− | | 05. | + | | 05.40 |
| 8 is not equal to 3 | | 8 is not equal to 3 | ||
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− | | 05. | + | | 05.44 |
| So, we see how the relational operaotors work. | | So, we see how the relational operaotors work. | ||
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− | | 05. | + | | 05.51 |
− | | | + | | Now, writing a similar program in '''C++''' is quite easy. |
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− | | | + | | 05.59 |
| I have already made the code in '''C++'''. | | I have already made the code in '''C++'''. | ||
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|06.04 | |06.04 | ||
− | | | + | | Here is the code for '''relational operators''' in '''C++'''. |
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− | |06. | + | |06.08 |
|Notice that the header is different. | |Notice that the header is different. | ||
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− | | 06. | + | | 06.15 |
| The output statement in C++ is '''cout'''. | | The output statement in C++ is '''cout'''. | ||
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− | |06. | + | |06.26 |
| Click on save. | | Click on save. | ||
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− | | 06. | + | | 06.28 |
| Please make sure the file is saved with the extension '''.cpp''' | | Please make sure the file is saved with the extension '''.cpp''' | ||
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− | | 06. | + | | 06.32 |
| I have saved my file as '''relational.cpp''' | | I have saved my file as '''relational.cpp''' | ||
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− | | 06. | + | | 06.37 |
| Let's compile the code. | | Let's compile the code. | ||
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− | | 06. | + | | 06.39 |
− | | Open the terminal and type '''g++ relational.cpp | + | | Open the terminal and type '''g++ relational.cpp space minus o space rel1''' |
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− | | 06. | + | | 06.50 |
| To execute Type '''./ rel1'', Press Enter. | | To execute Type '''./ rel1'', Press Enter. | ||
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− | | 06. | + | | 06.56 |
| I enter '''a''' as 8 and '''b '''as 3. | | I enter '''a''' as 8 and '''b '''as 3. | ||
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− | | 07. | + | | 07.00 |
| The output is displayed: | | The output is displayed: | ||
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− | | 07. | + | | 07.02 |
− | | We see that the output is same as the one in '''C''' | + | | We see that the output is same as the one in '''C''' program. |
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− | | 07. | + | | 07.07 |
| Now let us see an error which we can come across. | | Now let us see an error which we can come across. | ||
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− | | 07. | + | | 07.10 |
| Come back to the program | | Come back to the program | ||
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| Click on '''Save.''' | | Click on '''Save.''' | ||
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− | | 07. | + | | 07.23 |
| Compile and execute as before. | | Compile and execute as before. | ||
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− | | 07. | + | | 07.33 |
| Here we see it is showing 3 is equal to 3. | | Here we see it is showing 3 is equal to 3. | ||
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− | | 07. | + | | 07.37 |
| Come back to our program | | Come back to our program | ||
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| So value of b is assigned to a. | | So value of b is assigned to a. | ||
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− | | 07. | + | | 07.46 |
|Now Let us fix this error. | |Now Let us fix this error. | ||
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− | | 07. | + | | 07.51 |
| Click on '''Save''' | | Click on '''Save''' | ||
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− | | 07. | + | | 07.54 |
| Switch back to the terminal | | Switch back to the terminal | ||
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− | | 08. | + | | 08.08 |
| In this tutorial, we learnt | | In this tutorial, we learnt | ||
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− | | 08. | + | | 08.14 |
| Greater than: eg. a>b | | Greater than: eg. a>b | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08. | + | | 08.17 |
| Less than or equal to: eg. a<=b | | Less than or equal to: eg. a<=b | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08. | + | | 08.22 |
| Greater than or equal to: eg. a>=b | | Greater than or equal to: eg. a>=b | ||
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− | | 08. | + | | 08.29 |
| Not equal to: eg. a!=b | | Not equal to: eg. a!=b | ||
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− | | 08. | + | | 08.39 |
| Compare the marks to see which student has scored the highest. | | Compare the marks to see which student has scored the highest. | ||
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− | | 08. | + | | 08.43 |
| Check also if two or more students have scored equal marks. | | Check also if two or more students have scored equal marks. | ||
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− | | 08. | + | | 08.48 |
| Watch the video available at the following link | | Watch the video available at the following link | ||
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− | | 09. | + | | 09.34 |
| This is Ritwik Joshi from IIT Bombay. | | This is Ritwik Joshi from IIT Bombay. | ||
Revision as of 14:37, 5 February 2014
Time | Narration |
---|---|
00.01 | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on Relational Operators in C and C++. |
00.06 | In this tutorial, we will learn about: |
00.09 | Relational operators like |
00.11 | Less than: eg. a < b |
00.14 | Greater than: eg. a > b |
00.17 | Less than or equal to: eg. a <= b |
00.22 | Greater than or equal to: eg. a >= b |
00.27 | Equal to: eg. a == b |
00.30 | Not equal to: eg. a != b |
00.37 | To record this tutorial, I am using: Ubuntu 11.10 as the operating system |
00.42 | gcc and g++ Compiler version 4.6.1 in Ubuntu.
|
00.50 | Let us begin with an introduction. |
00.53 | Relational operators are used to compare integer and floating point numbers. |
00.57 | Expressions using relational operators return 0 for false and 1 for true. |
01.04 | Now I will demonstrate the relational operators with the help of a C program. |
01.09 | I have already made the program. |
01.11 | So, I'll open the editor and explain the code. |
01.15 | First, we declare two variables a and b. |
01.20 | This printf statement prompts the user to enter the values of a and b. |
01.26 | This scanf statement takes input for the variables a and b. |
01.32 | Now we have the greater than operator. |
01.35 | This operator compares the two operands on either side of the operator. |
01.38 | It returns' False if a is greater than b. |
01.43 | This printf statement is executed if the above condition is true. |
01.47 | If the above condition is false then it is skipped. |
01.50 | The control then jumps to the next statement. |
01.53 | We now have the less than operator. |
01.56 | This too compares the operands. |
01.57 | It returns true when a is less than b. |
02.02 | This printf statement is executed if the above condition is true. |
02.06 | It is skipped otherwise. |
02.09 | Let's execute the code till here. |
02.13 | First comment out the following. |
02.16 | Type /* |
02.21 | */ |
02.24 | Click on Save. |
02.26 | I have saved my file as relational.c |
02.29 | Open the terminal window by pressing Ctrl, Alt and T keys simultaneously. |
02.35 | To compile, type the following on the terminal gcc space relational dot c space -o space rel |
02.49 | Press Enter. |
02.51 | To execute type ./rel Press Enter.
|
02.56 | I enter a as 8 and b as 3. |
03.01 | The output is displayed: |
03.03 | 8 is greater than 3. |
03.07 | You can try executing this code with different values of a and b. |
03.11 | Coming back to the code. |
03.14 | Delete the comment from here |
03.18 | and put it here. |
03.24 | Now we have the less than or equal to operator. |
03.28 | This operator compares the two operands on either side of the operator. |
03.33 | It returns true if a is less than or equal to b. |
03.38 | This printf statement is executed if the above condition is true. |
03.42 | If the above condition is false then it is skipped. |
03.45 | The control then jumps to the next statement. |
03.49 | Next comes the greater than or equal to operator. |
03.52 | It compares a and b and returns true if a is greater than or equal to b. |
04.00 | If the condition is true then this printf statement will be executed. |
04.05 | Now let's execute the code till here. |
04.07 | Click on Save. |
04.09 | Switch back to the terminal. |
04.12 | Compile and execute as before.
|
04.17 | I enter a as 8 and b as 3. |
04.22 | The output is displayed: |
04.25 | 8 is greater than or equal to 3 |
04.30 | Now Coming back to rest of the code. |
04.33 | Delete the multiline comments from here |
04.39 | and here. |
04.43 | we now have the equal to operator. |
04.47 | It is denoted by double equal (==) signs. |
04.50 | This operator returns true when both operands are equal to one another. |
04.57 | This printf statement executes when a is equal to b. |
05.00 | If not, the control then jumps on to the next statement. |
05.06 | Similarly, we have the not equal to operator. |
05.08 | This operator returns true when the operands are not equal to one another. |
05.15 | This printf statment will execute when a is not equal to b. |
05.20 | Coming to the end of the program.
Return 0; |
05.24 | Click on Save. |
05.26 | Switch back to the terminal. |
05.28 | Compile and execute as before.
|
05.32 | Enter a as 8 and b as 3. |
05.38 | The output is displayed on the screen: |
05.40 | 8 is not equal to 3 |
05.44 | So, we see how the relational operaotors work. |
05.48 | Try executing this code with different set of inputs. |
05.51 | Now, writing a similar program in C++ is quite easy. |
05.56 | There are a few differences in the syntax. |
05.59 | I have already made the code in C++. |
06.04 | Here is the code for relational operators in C++. |
06.08 | Notice that the header is different. |
06.12 | Also we have the using statement here. |
06.15 | The output statement in C++ is cout. |
06.19 | And the input statement in C++ is cin. |
06.22 | So, apart from these differences, the two codes are very similar. |
06.26 | Click on save. |
06.28 | Please make sure the file is saved with the extension .cpp |
06.32 | I have saved my file as relational.cpp |
06.37 | Let's compile the code. |
06.39 | Open the terminal and type g++ relational.cpp space minus o space rel1 |
06.50 | To execute Type './ rel1, Press Enter. |
06.56 | I enter a as 8 and b as 3. |
07.00 | The output is displayed: |
07.02 | We see that the output is same as the one in C program. |
07.07 | Now let us see an error which we can come across. |
07.10 | Come back to the program |
07.13 | Suppose here we replace the double equal to sign with the single equal to. |
07.19 | Click on Save. |
07.21 | Come back to the terminal. |
07.23 | Compile and execute as before. |
07.33 | Here we see it is showing 3 is equal to 3. |
07.37 | Come back to our program |
07.40 | This is because here we have an assignment operator. |
07.43 | So value of b is assigned to a. |
07.46 | Now Let us fix this error. |
07.49 | Type an equal to sign. |
07.51 | Click on Save |
07.54 | Switch back to the terminal |
07.56 | compile and execute as before. |
08.04 | The output is now correct. |
08.06 | Let's summarize the tutorial. |
08.08 | In this tutorial, we learnt |
08.10 | Relational operators like |
08.12 | Less than: eg. a < b |
08.14 | Greater than: eg. a>b |
08.17 | Less than or equal to: eg. a<=b |
08.22 | Greater than or equal to: eg. a>=b |
08.27 | Equal to: eg. a==b |
08.29 | Not equal to: eg. a!=b |
08.34 | As an assignment |
08.35 | Write a program that takes the marks of three students as input. |
08.39 | Compare the marks to see which student has scored the highest. |
08.43 | Check also if two or more students have scored equal marks. |
08.48 | Watch the video available at the following link |
08.51 | It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project |
08.54 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it |
08.58 | The Spoken Tutorial Project Team |
09.00 | Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials |
09.03 | Gives certificates for those who pass an online test |
09.06 | For more details, please write to contact at spoken hyphen tutorial dot org
|
09.14 | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project |
09.18 | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India |
09.24 | More information on this Mission is available at |
09.27 | spoken hyphen tutorial dot org slash NMEICT hyphen Intro |
09.34 | This is Ritwik Joshi from IIT Bombay.
Thank you for joining. |
Contributors and Content Editors
Ashwini, PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Priyacst, Sakinashaikh, Sandhya.np14