Difference between revisions of "KTurtle/C3/Control-Execution/English"

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 +
Title of the tutorial: Control-Execution
 +
 +
Author: Madhuri Ganapathi
 +
 +
Keywords: control execution, variables, boolean, while loop, for loop,  Video tutorial.
 +
 +
 
{|border =1
 
{|border =1
 
!Visual Cue
 
!Visual Cue
Line 5: Line 12:
 
||Slide Number 1
 
||Slide Number 1
 
||
 
||
−
 
−
Hello everybody.
 
−
 
 
Hello Everybody.
 
Hello Everybody.
  
Line 14: Line 18:
 
||Slide  Number 2
 
||Slide  Number 2
  
−
Learning Objectives
+
'''Learning Objectives'''
 
||In this tutorial, we will learn  
 
||In this tutorial, we will learn  
−
''''while'''' loop  and
 
−
''''for'''' loop
 
−
|-
 
−
||Slide  Number 2
 
  
−
Learning Objectives
+
* ''''while'''' loop  and
−
||In this tutorial, we will learn
+
 
−
* 'while' loop  and
+
* ''''for'''' loop
−
* 'for' loop
+
 
|-
 
|-
 
|| Slide Number 3
 
|| Slide Number 3
Line 38: Line 37:
  
 
'''Pre-requisites'''
 
'''Pre-requisites'''
−
||We assume that you have basic working knowledge of Kturtle.  
+
||We assume that you have basic working knowledge of '''Kturtle'''.  
  
 
If not,  
 
If not,  
Line 45: Line 44:
 
http://spoken-tutorial.org
 
http://spoken-tutorial.org
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Switch to KTurtle Application
+
||Switch to''' KTurtle''' Application
−
Dash  home >>Search bar appears>>
+
 
−
In the Search bar type KTurtle
+
'''Dash  home''' >>'''Search bar appears'''>>
−
||Let's open a new KTurtle Application.
+
 
−
Click on  Dash  home. The Search bar appears.
+
In the Search bar type '''KTurtle'''
 +
||Let's open a new '''KTurtle''' Application.
 +
 
 +
Click on  '''Dash  home'''.
 +
 
 
In the Search bar, type KTurtle.
 
In the Search bar, type KTurtle.
 +
 
Click on the option.
 
Click on the option.
 
KTurtle Application opens.
 
KTurtle Application opens.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
−
||Let me first explain about what is control execution.
+
||Let me first explain about what is control execution?
 
|-
 
|-
 
||Slide Number 5
 
||Slide Number 5
  
−
Control execution
+
'''Control execution'''
 
||Control execution is controlling the flow of a program.  
 
||Control execution is controlling the flow of a program.  
  
Line 66: Line 70:
 
||Slide Number 6
 
||Slide Number 6
  
−
Loop
+
'''Loop'''
−
||Loop is a block of code is executed repeatedly untill a certain condition is satisfied.
+
||Loop is a block of code is executed repeatedly till a certain condition is satisfied.
−
Eg. “while” loop and  “for” loop
+
Eg. '''“while”''' loop and  '''“for”''' loop
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
−
||Let's begin the tutorial with “while” loop
+
||Let's begin the tutorial with '''“while”''' loop
 
|-
 
|-
 
||Slide Number 7
 
||Slide Number 7
−
“while”  loop
+
 
−
||In  the “while” loop, the code inside the loop repeats till boolean evaluates to 'false'.
+
'''“while”  loop'''
 +
||In  the '''“while'''” loop, the code inside the loop repeats till '''boolean''' evaluates to 'false'.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||Slide Number 8
 
||Slide Number 8
  
−
Syntax of  “while” loop
+
'''Syntax of  “while” loop'''
−
||Let me explain the structure of “while” loop.
+
||Let me explain the structure of '''“while”''' loop.
−
while loop condition {  
+
 
−
   do something  
+
'''while loop condition''' {  
−
  with  loop increment variable
+
 
−
}
+
   '''do something '''
 +
 
 +
'''with  loop increment variable
 +
}'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
−
||
+
||I already have the code in a text editor.
−
 
+
−
I already have the code in a text editor.
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
||#program to print a series of multiples 3 upto 30
+
 
−
reset  
+
||'''#program to print a series of multiples 3 upto 30'''
−
$x=0  
+
'''reset'''
−
message"In while loop, code inside the loop repeats till boolean evaluates false"
+
 
−
while $x<30 {  
+
'''$x=0'''
−
$x=$x+3
+
 
−
fontsize 15
+
'''message"In while loop, code inside the loop repeats till boolean evaluates false"'''
−
forward 20
+
 
−
print $x  
+
'''while $x<30''' {  
 +
 
 +
'''$x=$x+3'''
 +
 
 +
'''fontsize 15'''
 +
 
 +
'''forward 20'''
 +
 
 +
'''print $x'''
 
}  
 
}  
 
||
 
||
−
Let me copy the program from text editor and paste it into KTurtle editor
+
Let me copy the program from text editor and paste it into '''KTurtle''' editor
  
  
−
Please pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.
+
Please pause the tutorial here and type the program into your '''KTurtle''' editor.
−
Please resume the turtorial after typing the program
+
 
 +
Resume the turtorial after typing the program
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
Line 112: Line 127:
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
−
||Let me explain the code.
+
||Let me explain the program.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||Highlight #
 
||Highlight #
Line 118: Line 133:
 
It means, this line will not be executed while running the program.
 
It means, this line will not be executed while running the program.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight reset
+
||Highlight '''reset'''
−
||reset command sets “Turtle” to its default position.
+
||'''reset''' command sets '''“Turtle'''” to its '''default''' position.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight $x
+
||Highlight '''$x'''
−
||$x=0 initialises the value of variable x to zero.
+
||'''$x=0''' initialises the value of variable x to zero.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight message" "
+
||Highlight '''message" "'''
−
||Message in a program is given within double quotes after the keyword  message " "   
+
||Message in a program is given within double quotes after the '''keyword''' '''message " "'''  
−
“message” command takes “string” as input.  
+
 
 +
'''“message”''' command takes '''“string”''' as input.  
 +
 
 
It shows a pop-up dialog box containing text from the string.  
 
It shows a pop-up dialog box containing text from the string.  
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight while $x<30
+
||Highlight '''while $x<30'''
−
||while $x<30 checks the “while” condition.  
+
||'''while $x<30''' checks the '''“while”''' condition.  
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight $x=$x+3
+
||Highlight '''$x=$x+3'''
−
||$x=$x+3  increments the value of  variable $x by 3
+
||'''$x=$x+3''' increments the value of  variable $x by 3
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight fontsize 15
+
||Highlight '''fontsize 15'''
−
||fontsize 15 sets the font size used by print command.  
+
||'''fontsize 15 ''' sets the font size used by '''print''' command.  
 +
 
 
Fontsize takes number as input, set in pixels.
 
Fontsize takes number as input, set in pixels.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight forward 20  
+
||Highlight '''forward 20'''
−
||forward 20 commands “Turtle” to move 20 steps forward on the canvas.
+
||'''forward 20''' commands '''“Turtle”''' to move 20 steps forward on the canvas.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight print $x  
+
||Highlight '''print $x'''
−
||print $x displays the value of variable x on the canvas.
+
||'''print $x''' displays the value of variable x on the canvas.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Run the program
+
||'''Run the program'''
−
||Let me click on the “Run” button to run the program.
+
||Let me click on the '''“Run”''' button to run the program.
  
 
A message dialog box pops up.
 
A message dialog box pops up.
 
Let me click OK.
 
Let me click OK.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Run the program
+
||'''Run the program'''
 
||Multiples of 3 from 3 to 30 are displayed on the canvas.  
 
||Multiples of 3 from 3 to 30 are displayed on the canvas.  
−
“Turtle” moves 20 steps forward on the canvas.  
+
'''“Turtle”''' moves 20 steps forward on the canvas.  
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
−
||
+
||Let's next work with '''“for”''' loop
−
Let's next work with “for” loop
+
 
|-
 
|-
 
||Slide Number  9
 
||Slide Number  9
−
"for" loop
+
 
 +
'''"for" loop'''
 
||“for” loop is a counting loop.
 
||“for” loop is a counting loop.
−
          Every time  the code inside “for” loop is executed,
+
 
 +
Every time  the code inside '''“for”''' loop is executed,
 +
 
 
variable value is incremented, till it reaches  the end value.
 
variable value is incremented, till it reaches  the end value.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||Slide Number 10
 
||Slide Number 10
−
Syntax of “for” loop
+
 
−
||Let me explain the structure of “for” loop.
+
'''Syntax of “for” loop'''
−
for variable = start number to end number  { Statement}
+
||Let me explain the structure of '''“for”''' loop.
 +
 
 +
'''for variable = start number to end number  { Statement}'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Clear the editor and canvas
+
||'''Clear the editor and canvas'''
 
||Let me clear the current program.
 
||Let me clear the current program.
−
Let me type clear command and run to clean the canvas.
+
 
 +
Let me type '''clear''' command and run to clean the canvas.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||#program print to sum of first 15 natural numbers
+
||'''#program print to sum of first 15 natural numbers
−
reset
+
 
−
$r=0
+
''reset'''
−
for $x= 1 to 15{
+
 
−
$r=$x*($x+1)/2
+
'''$r=0'''
−
fontsize 18
+
 
−
print $r
+
'''for $x= 1 to 15'''{
−
forward 15
+
 
 +
'''$r=$x*($x+1)/2'''
 +
 
 +
'''fontsize 18'''
 +
 
 +
'''print $r'''
 +
 
 +
'''forward 15'''
 
}
 
}
−
go 10,250
+
 
−
wait 2
+
'''go 10,250'''
−
print "Sum of first 15 natural numbers ="+$r
+
 
−
||Let me copy the program and paste it into KTurtle editor
+
'''wait 2'''
 +
 
 +
'''print "Sum of first 15 natural numbers ="+$r'''
 +
||Let me copy the program from text editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor
  
  
 
Please pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.
 
Please pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.
−
Please resume the turtorial after typing the program.
+
 
 +
Resume the turtorial after typing the program.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
−
||
+
||Let me zoom into the program text it may possibly be a little blurred.
−
Let me zoom into the program text it may possibly be a little blurred.
+
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
−
||Let me explain the code.
+
||Let me explain the program.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||Highlight #
 
||Highlight #
 
||# sign comments a line written after it.
 
||# sign comments a line written after it.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight reset
+
||Highlight '''reset'''
−
||reset command sets “Turtle” to default position.
+
||'''reset''' command sets '''“Turtle”''' to its '''default''' position.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight $r=0
+
||Highlight '''$r=0'''
−
||$r=0 initialises the value of variable r to zero.
+
||'''$r=0''' initialises the value of variable r to zero.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight for $x= 1 to 15
+
||Highlight '''for $x= 1 to 15'''
−
||for $x= 1 to 15 checks “for” condition  from 1 to 15.
+
||'''for $x= 1 to 15''' checks '''“for”''' condition  from 1 to 15.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight $r=$x*($x+1)/2
+
||Highlight '''$r=$x*($x+1)/2'''
−
||$r=$x*($x+1)/2 calculates the value of variable r.
+
||'''$r=$x*($x+1)/2''' calculates the value of variable r.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight fontsize 18
+
||Highlight '''fontsize 18'''
−
||fontsize 18 sets the font size used by print command.  
+
||'''fontsize 18''' sets the font size used by '''print''' command.  
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight print $r
+
||Highlight '''print $r'''
−
||print $r displays the variable r.
+
||'''print $r''' displays the value of variable r on the canvas.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight forward 15
+
||Highlight '''forward 15'''
−
||forward 15 moves Turtle 15 steps foward.
+
||'''forward 15''' commands '''Turtle''' to move 15 steps foward on the canvas.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight go 10,250
+
||Highlight '''go 10,250'''
−
||go 10,250  commands  Turtle to go 10 pixels from left of canvas and 250 pixels from top of canvas.
+
||'''go 10,250''' commands  '''Turtle''' to go 10 pixels from left of canvas and 250 pixels from top of canvas.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Highlight wait 2
+
||Highlight '''wait 2'''
−
||“Turtle” displays all print commands without any time gap.
+
||'''“Turtle”''' displays all print commands without any time gap.
−
“Wait 2” command makes Turtle to “wait” for 2 seconds before executing next command.
+
“Wait 2” command makes Turtle to wait for 2 seconds before executing next command.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||print "Sum of first 15 natural numbers ="+$r
+
||'''print "Sum of first 15 natural numbers ="+$r'''
−
||“print” command displays the “string” within double quotes and also displays variable $r.
+
||'''“print”''' command displays the “string” within double quotes and also displays variable $r.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Run the program
+
||'''Run the program'''
−
||Let me click the “ Run” button to run the program.
+
||Let me click the on '''“ Run”''' button to run the program.
−
A series of sum of first 15 numbers and  sum of first 15 natural numbers is displayed on the canvas.
+
 
−
Turtle moves 15 steps forward.
+
A series of sum of first 15 natural numbers and  sum of first 15 natural numbers is displayed on the canvas.
 +
 
 +
'''Turtle''' moves 15 steps forward on the canvas.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
 
||With this we come to end of this tutorial.  
 
||With this we come to end of this tutorial.  
 
|-
 
|-
−
Slide Number 11
+
||Slide Number 11
  
−
Summary
+
'''Summary'''
 
||Let us summarize.
 
||Let us summarize.
 
In this tutorial we have learnt to use,  
 
In this tutorial we have learnt to use,  
−
* “while” loop and
+
 
−
* “for” loop
+
* '''“while”''' loop and
 +
 
 +
*''' “for” ''' loop
 
|-
 
|-
 
||Slide Number 12
 
||Slide Number 12
−
Assignment
+
 
 +
'''Assignment'''
 
||As an assignment I would like you to write programs to evaluate
 
||As an assignment I would like you to write programs to evaluate
  
 
* Multiples of 2 using “while” loop
 
* Multiples of 2 using “while” loop
 +
 
* Multiplication table of a number using “for”  loop
 
* Multiplication table of a number using “for”  loop
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Slide number 11
+
||Slide number 13
−
||Acknowledgement
+
||'''Acknowledgement'''
  
 
Watch the video available at  this URL
 
Watch the video available at  this URL
 +
 
http://spoken-tutorial.org/What is a Spoken Tutorial  
 
http://spoken-tutorial.org/What is a Spoken Tutorial  
 +
 
It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project  
 
It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project  
−
If you do not have good bandwidth,  
+
 
−
you can download and watch it  
+
If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it  
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Slide Number 13
+
||Slide Number 14
  
 
||The Spoken Tutorial Project Team :
 
||The Spoken Tutorial Project Team :
  
 
Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials  
 
Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials  
 +
 
Gives certificates to those who pass an online test  
 
Gives certificates to those who pass an online test  
 +
 
For more details, please write to
 
For more details, please write to
 +
 
contact@spoken-tutorial.org
 
contact@spoken-tutorial.org
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Slide number 13
+
||Slide number 15
 
||Spoken Tutorial Project is a part  of the Talk to a Teacher project  
 
||Spoken Tutorial Project is a part  of the Talk to a Teacher project  
  
 
It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India  
 
It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India  
 +
 
More information on this Mission is available at this link
 
More information on this Mission is available at this link
 
http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ]
 
http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ]
Line 283: Line 328:
 
This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay signing off
 
This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay signing off
 
Thank you  for joining
 
Thank you  for joining
 +
|-

Latest revision as of 15:50, 18 December 2013

Title of the tutorial: Control-Execution

Author: Madhuri Ganapathi

Keywords: control execution, variables, boolean, while loop, for loop, Video tutorial.


Visual Cue Narration
Slide Number 1

Hello Everybody.

Welcome to this tutorial on Control Execution in KTurtle

Slide Number 2

Learning Objectives

In this tutorial, we will learn
  • 'while' loop and
  • 'for' loop
Slide Number 3

System Requirement

To record this tutorial I am using,

Ubuntu Linux OS Version 12.04

KTurtle version 0.8.1 beta.

Slide Number 4

Pre-requisites

We assume that you have basic working knowledge of Kturtle.

If not,

for relevant tutorials, please visit our website. http://spoken-tutorial.org

Switch to KTurtle Application

Dash home >>Search bar appears>>

In the Search bar type KTurtle

Let's open a new KTurtle Application.

Click on Dash home.

In the Search bar, type KTurtle.

Click on the option. KTurtle Application opens.

Let me first explain about what is control execution?
Slide Number 5

Control execution

Control execution is controlling the flow of a program.

Different conditions are used to control program execution.

Slide Number 6

Loop

Loop is a block of code is executed repeatedly till a certain condition is satisfied.

Eg. “while” loop and “for” loop

Let's begin the tutorial with “while” loop
Slide Number 7

“while” loop

In the “while” loop, the code inside the loop repeats till boolean evaluates to 'false'.
Slide Number 8

Syntax of “while” loop

Let me explain the structure of “while” loop.

while loop condition { 

 do something

with loop increment variable }

I already have the code in a text editor.
#program to print a series of multiples 3 upto 30

reset

$x=0

message"In while loop, code inside the loop repeats till boolean evaluates false"

while $x<30 {

$x=$x+3

fontsize 15

forward 20

print $x }

Let me copy the program from text editor and paste it into KTurtle editor


Please pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.

Resume the turtorial after typing the program

Let me zoom into the program text it may possibly be a little blurred.
Let me explain the program.
Highlight # # sign comments a line written after it.

It means, this line will not be executed while running the program.

Highlight reset reset command sets “Turtle” to its default position.
Highlight $x $x=0 initialises the value of variable x to zero.
Highlight message" " Message in a program is given within double quotes after the keyword message " "

“message” command takes “string” as input.

It shows a pop-up dialog box containing text from the string.

Highlight while $x<30 while $x<30 checks the “while” condition.
Highlight $x=$x+3 $x=$x+3 increments the value of variable $x by 3
Highlight fontsize 15 fontsize 15 sets the font size used by print command.

Fontsize takes number as input, set in pixels.

Highlight forward 20 forward 20 commands “Turtle” to move 20 steps forward on the canvas.
Highlight print $x print $x displays the value of variable x on the canvas.
Run the program Let me click on the “Run” button to run the program.

A message dialog box pops up. Let me click OK.

Run the program Multiples of 3 from 3 to 30 are displayed on the canvas.

“Turtle” moves 20 steps forward on the canvas.

Let's next work with “for” loop
Slide Number 9

"for" loop

“for” loop is a counting loop.

Every time the code inside “for” loop is executed,

variable value is incremented, till it reaches the end value.

Slide Number 10

Syntax of “for” loop

Let me explain the structure of “for” loop.

for variable = start number to end number { Statement}

Clear the editor and canvas Let me clear the current program.

Let me type clear command and run to clean the canvas.

#program print to sum of first 15 natural numbers

reset'

$r=0

for $x= 1 to 15{

$r=$x*($x+1)/2

fontsize 18

print $r

forward 15 }

go 10,250

wait 2

print "Sum of first 15 natural numbers ="+$r

Let me copy the program from text editor and paste it into KTurtle's editor


Please pause the tutorial here and type the program into your KTurtle editor.

Resume the turtorial after typing the program.

Let me zoom into the program text it may possibly be a little blurred.
Let me explain the program.
Highlight # # sign comments a line written after it.
Highlight reset reset command sets “Turtle” to its default position.
Highlight $r=0 $r=0 initialises the value of variable r to zero.
Highlight for $x= 1 to 15 for $x= 1 to 15 checks “for” condition from 1 to 15.
Highlight $r=$x*($x+1)/2 $r=$x*($x+1)/2 calculates the value of variable r.
Highlight fontsize 18 fontsize 18 sets the font size used by print command.
Highlight print $r print $r displays the value of variable r on the canvas.
Highlight forward 15 forward 15 commands Turtle to move 15 steps foward on the canvas.
Highlight go 10,250 go 10,250 commands Turtle to go 10 pixels from left of canvas and 250 pixels from top of canvas.
Highlight wait 2 “Turtle” displays all print commands without any time gap.

“Wait 2” command makes Turtle to wait for 2 seconds before executing next command.

print "Sum of first 15 natural numbers ="+$r “print” command displays the “string” within double quotes and also displays variable $r.
Run the program Let me click the on “ Run” button to run the program.

A series of sum of first 15 natural numbers and sum of first 15 natural numbers is displayed on the canvas.

Turtle moves 15 steps forward on the canvas.

With this we come to end of this tutorial.
Slide Number 11

Summary

Let us summarize.

In this tutorial we have learnt to use,

  • “while” loop and
  • “for” loop
Slide Number 12

Assignment

As an assignment I would like you to write programs to evaluate
  • Multiples of 2 using “while” loop
  • Multiplication table of a number using “for” loop
Slide number 13 Acknowledgement

Watch the video available at this URL

http://spoken-tutorial.org/What is a Spoken Tutorial

It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project

If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it

Slide Number 14 The Spoken Tutorial Project Team :

Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials

Gives certificates to those who pass an online test

For more details, please write to

contact@spoken-tutorial.org

Slide number 15 Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project

It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India

More information on this Mission is available at this link http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ]

This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay signing off Thank you for joining

Contributors and Content Editors

Madhurig

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