Difference between revisions of "LaTeX/C3/Links-and-URLs/English"

Title Slide

Learning Objectives

• Create clickable URLs.
• Use url package to break long URLs.
• Set email, external & internal links.
• Customize link colors and styles with hyperref package.

System Requirements

• Linux Mint version 21.3
• TeXworks version 0.6.6
• A working internet connection.

Pre-requisites

Code files

The following code file is required to practice this tutorial.

1. hyperref-eg.tex

This file is provided in the Code Files link of this tutorial page.

This file is provided in the Code Files link of this tutorial page.

lines 19 to 26

\usepackage[

colorlinks=true, % color the text of links

linkcolor=blue, % color for internal links

urlcolor=magenta, % color for URLs

breaklinks=true, % allow links to break across lines

pdfborder={0 0 0}, % remove borders around links

bookmarks=true % enable PDF bookmarks

]{hyperref}

line 6 for all the lines in this row.

\usepackage[hyphens]{url}

Highlight line 26

{hyperref}

Make sure to load this command before hyperref, as it loads the url package.

We add this command to enable the hyphens option for better line breaks.

The hyphens allow long URLs to break at hyphens when they don’t fit the line.

line 39

\url{https://spoken-tutorial.org}

Highlight: \url

The \url command takes a url as its argument and typesets it as a clickable link.

Click on the link and select Yes.

Click the url and point the cursor to the website.

A pop up Open URL opens with a warning message.

Read the message and click on the Yes button.

Spoken tutorial page opens.

We see 2 long URLs.

One URL is wrapped to the next line, while the other extends to the margin.

One is wrapped because it breaks at the / (forward slash) automatically.

Let's wrap the second URL as well.

lines 10 to 16

\do\a\do\b\do\c\do\d\do\e\do\f\do\g\do\h\do\i\do\j%

\do\k\do\l\do\m\do\n\do\o\do\p\do\q\do\r\do\s\do\t%

\do\u\do\v\do\w\do\x\do\y\do\z

\do\A\do\B\do\C\do\D\do\E\do\F\do\G\do\H\do\I\do\J%

\do\K\do\L\do\M\do\N\do\O\do\P\do\Q\do\R\do\S\do\T%

\do\U\do\V\do\W\do\X\do\Y\do\Z}

This command allows URL breaks after any lowercase or uppercase letter from A to Z.

Point the cursor to the second long URL.

Click on the link.

Click Yes in the warning pop up window.

Page directed to the website.

We now see that the second long URL wraps neatly to the next line.

This is because we allowed line breaks after every alphabet in the URL.

Let us click on the link.

If the pop up appears please click the Yes button.

The link takes us to its website.

line 56

This command takes 2 arguments.

URL: The hyperlink target (web addresses, email, or internal reference).

text: The visible, clickable text.

Click Yes in the warning pop up window.

Point the cursor to the Email link.

The output shows an Email link

Let us click on the email link

Clicking this link opens the default email client.

Let us see how to code it.

line 62

Here, clicking on Spoken Tutorial opens the specified webpage.

Show the output

Click Yes in the warning pop up window.

The output shows an external link.

Let us click on it

It takes us to the Spoken Tutorial website.

line 67

It takes 2 arguments

1.label: The name of the label to link to which is defined earlier with \label command.

2.link text: The clickable text shown in the document.

Here, it takes us to the section labelled sec:target

line 71, 72

Here is the target section labeled sec:target which the internal link jumps to.

Show the output

We run the code twice.

Let us run the code.

In the first run, it collects information for labels, references, page numbers etc

At this point \ref, \pageref, \autoref used by hyperref don’t have values yet.

Cursor on the output.

Point the cursor to the clickable url.

Click on it.

Cursor to the target section.

This time it uses the stored info and creates hyperlinks, bookmarks, TOC etc.

Now we can see a clickable url after the second run which takes us to a website.

Let us click on it.

It takes us to the target section.

Summary

In this tutorial, we have learnt to:

• Create clickable URLs.
• Use url package to break long URLs.
• Set email, external & internal links.
• Customize link colors and styles with hyperref package.

Let us summarise.

Assignment

As an assignment,

1. Create an external link with custom text

2. Create an internal link to a labeled section within your document

Thank you