Difference between revisions of "GChemPaint/C2/Editing-molecules/English"
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+ | Title of the tutorial: Editing molecules | ||
+ | |||
+ | Author: Madhuri Ganapathi | ||
+ | |||
+ | Key words: Video tutorial, GChemPaint tools- Add an electron pair to an atom, Add or modify an atom, Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one, Add a six membered cycle, Increment the charge of an atom | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
{|border =1 | {|border =1 | ||
!Visual Cue | !Visual Cue | ||
Line 17: | Line 24: | ||
* Add unbound electrons on an atom | * Add unbound electrons on an atom | ||
− | * Draw | + | * Draw Carbonic acid and Sulphuric acid structures. |
* Add and modify a local charge on a group of atoms | * Add and modify a local charge on a group of atoms | ||
Line 30: | Line 37: | ||
* Add cyclic molecules | * Add cyclic molecules | ||
− | * Convert | + | * Convert mono-cyclic molecules to bi-cyclic molecules. |
|- | |- | ||
||'''Slide Number 4''' | ||'''Slide Number 4''' | ||
Line 58: | Line 65: | ||
||Click on '''Current element''' drop down arrow button. | ||Click on '''Current element''' drop down arrow button. | ||
||Click on '''Current element''' drop down arrow button. | ||Click on '''Current element''' drop down arrow button. | ||
− | |- | + | |- |
− | + | ||
||Select '''N''' from the table. | ||Select '''N''' from the table. | ||
− | + | ||Select '''N''' from the table. | |
+ | |||
Observe '''N''' in the tool box. | Observe '''N''' in the tool box. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool>> click on '''Display area'''. | + | ||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool |
+ | |||
+ | >> click on '''Display area'''. | ||
||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool. | ||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool. | ||
Line 70: | Line 79: | ||
|- | |- | ||
||Point to '''NH<sub>3</sub>''' | ||Point to '''NH<sub>3</sub>''' | ||
− | || ''' | + | || '''NH<sub>3</sub>''' is seen on the '''Display area'''. |
|- | |- | ||
||Press capital '''H'''. | ||Press capital '''H'''. | ||
Line 82: | Line 91: | ||
||Select '''H''' from the list. | ||Select '''H''' from the list. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Click on '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool. | + | ||Click on |
− | ||Click on '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool. | + | |
+ | '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool. | ||
+ | ||Click on | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Click and drag the bonds thrice on | + | ||Click and drag the bonds thrice on '''Nitrogen''' atom. |
− | ||To draw | + | ||To draw three bonds to '''Nitrogen''' atom |
− | Click and drag the bonds thrice on Nitrogen atom. | + | Click and drag the bonds thrice on '''Nitrogen''' atom. |
|- | |- | ||
||Point to the bonds | ||Point to the bonds | ||
− | ||Orient the | + | ||Orient the bonds to form a '''Pyramid''' like structure. |
|- | |- | ||
|| | || | ||
Line 106: | Line 119: | ||
|- | |- | ||
||Point to the unbound electrons. | ||Point to the unbound electrons. | ||
− | ||Note that '''Nitrogen''' of '''Ammonia''' has a pair of electrons. | + | ||Note that '''Nitrogen''' of '''Ammonia''' now has a pair of electrons. |
This pair does not take part in bonding. | This pair does not take part in bonding. | ||
− | + | This pair of electrons is '''lone pair'''. | |
|- | |- | ||
||'''Slide Number 6''' | ||'''Slide Number 6''' | ||
'''Assignment''' | '''Assignment''' | ||
− | || | + | ||As an assignment, |
* Draw Phosphorus trichloride structure | * Draw Phosphorus trichloride structure | ||
− | * Add a pair of un-bound electrons | + | * Add a pair of un-bound electrons on the Phosphorus atom. |
|- | |- | ||
|| | || | ||
− | || | + | ||Now let's draw ''''Carbonic acid(H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>)''' and '''Sulphuric acid(H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>)''' structures. |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
||'''Slide Number 7''' | ||'''Slide Number 7''' | ||
Structures of '''Carbonic acid''' and '''Sulphuric acid'''. | Structures of '''Carbonic acid''' and '''Sulphuric acid'''. | ||
− | ||Here is a slide for | + | ||Here is a slide for, |
− | '''Carbonic acid''' and '''Sulphuric acid'''. | + | '''Carbonic acid''' and '''Sulphuric acid''' structures. |
|- | |- | ||
|| | || | ||
− | || | + | ||First let's move '''Ammonia'''structure aside. |
+ | |||
+ | To do so, click on '''Select one or more objects''' tool. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Then click on '''Ammonia''' structure and drag it to one side. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | || | ||
+ | ||Now let's draw '''Carbonic acid''' structure. | ||
|- | |- | ||
||Click on the '''Current element''' arrow button | ||Click on the '''Current element''' arrow button | ||
Line 143: | Line 161: | ||
Select '''C''' from the table. | Select '''C''' from the table. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Click on '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool. | + | ||Click on |
− | ||Click on '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool. | + | |
+ | '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool. | ||
+ | ||Click on | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool. | ||
|- | |- | ||
||Click on the '''Display area'''. | ||Click on the '''Display area'''. | ||
Line 151: | Line 173: | ||
||Click on the '''Display area'''. | ||Click on the '''Display area'''. | ||
− | '''Orient''' three bonds | + | '''Orient''' three bonds in such a way that they form an inverted Y. |
|- | |- | ||
||Point to the fourth bond. | ||Point to the fourth bond. | ||
− | ||Draw fourth bond as a '''double bond''' to any one of the bonds. | + | ||Draw the fourth bond as a '''double bond''' to any one of the bonds. |
|- | |- | ||
||Click on '''Current element''' drop down button. | ||Click on '''Current element''' drop down button. | ||
Line 166: | Line 188: | ||
|- | |- | ||
||Point to the cursor. | ||Point to the cursor. | ||
− | ||Place the cursor | + | ||Place the cursor near the bonds. |
|- | |- | ||
||Click on the bond positions. | ||Click on the bond positions. | ||
Line 174: | Line 196: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || | ||
− | || | + | ||Now let's draw '''Sulphuric acid''' structure. |
|- | |- | ||
||Click on '''Current element''' drop down button. | ||Click on '''Current element''' drop down button. | ||
Line 182: | Line 204: | ||
||Select '''S''' | ||Select '''S''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Click on | + | ||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool |
+ | |||
+ | >>Click on the '''Display area'''. | ||
||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool. | ||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool. | ||
− | Then click on | + | Then click on '''Display area'''. |
− | Observe ''' | + | Observe '''H<sub>2</sub>S'''. |
|- | |- | ||
||Click on the Display area>> Press capital '''O''' | ||Click on the Display area>> Press capital '''O''' | ||
A '''Submenu''' with '''O''' and '''Os''' opens. | A '''Submenu''' with '''O''' and '''Os''' opens. | ||
− | || | + | ||Now anywhere on the '''Display area''' press capital '''O''' |
+ | |||
A '''Submenu''' with 2 options '''O''' and '''Os''' opens. | A '''Submenu''' with 2 options '''O''' and '''Os''' opens. | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 198: | Line 223: | ||
||Select '''O'''. | ||Select '''O'''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool>> click on '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool. | + | ||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool |
+ | |||
+ | >> click on '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool. | ||
||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool. | ||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool. | ||
− | Then click on '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool. | + | Then click on |
+ | |||
+ | '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||In the '''Property''' menu>>make the '''Bond length value''' to 200 or above. | + | ||In the '''Property''' menu |
− | ||In the '''Property''' menu, increase the '''Bond length | + | |
+ | >>make the '''Bond length value''' to 200 or above. | ||
+ | ||In the '''Property''' menu, | ||
+ | |||
+ | increase the '''Bond length''' value to 200 or above. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Click on '''H<sub>2</sub>S''' to draw | + | ||Click on '''H<sub>2</sub>S''' to draw three bonds. |
− | ||Click on '''H<sub>2</sub>S''' to draw | + | ||Click on '''H<sub>2</sub>S''' to draw three bonds of '''OH''' to '''S'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | ||Point to positive charge near S. | |
+ | || Observe a positive charge near S. | ||
+ | |||
+ | This appears because '''Sulphur''' has to satisfy '''valency''' of 6. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | || | + | ||Click on '''S''' and drag the bond to a side without releasing the mouse. |
− | || | + | ||For the fourth bond, first click on '''S''' . |
− | + | Now drag the bond to one side without releasing the mouse. | |
|- | |- | ||
||Point to any 2 opposite bonds. | ||Point to any 2 opposite bonds. | ||
− | || | + | ||Now let's convert the opposite bonds into '''double bonds'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Click on '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the | + | ||Click on |
+ | |||
+ | '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool | ||
>>click on the existing bonds. | >>click on the existing bonds. | ||
− | ||Click on | + | ||Click on |
+ | '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one''' tool. | ||
Then click on the opposite existing bonds of the structure. | Then click on the opposite existing bonds of the structure. | ||
|- | |- | ||
||Point to the structure | ||Point to the structure | ||
− | ||Note that the | + | ||Note that the positive charge is no longer visible. |
'''Sulphuric acid''' structure is complete. | '''Sulphuric acid''' structure is complete. | ||
Line 242: | Line 279: | ||
|- | |- | ||
||Click on two '''O-H''' groups. | ||Click on two '''O-H''' groups. | ||
− | ||Click on the two '''O-H''' groups of the '''Carbonic acid'''. | + | ||Click on the two '''O-H''' groups of the '''Carbonic acid''' structure. |
Observe that '''Carbonate ion (CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>)''' is formed. | Observe that '''Carbonate ion (CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>)''' is formed. | ||
Line 256: | Line 293: | ||
Observe that '''Sulphate ion (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>)''' is formed. | Observe that '''Sulphate ion (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>)''' is formed. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||'''Slide Number | + | ||'''Slide Number 8''' |
'''Assignment''' | '''Assignment''' | ||
− | || | + | ||As an assignment, |
+ | |||
* Draw '''Nitric acid (HNO<sub>3</sub>)''' structure | * Draw '''Nitric acid (HNO<sub>3</sub>)''' structure | ||
− | * Show the local charge on the '''Nitrate ion(NO<sup> | + | * Show the local charge on the '''Nitrate ion(NO<sup>-</sup><sub>3</sub>)''' |
− | Your | + | Your completed assignment should look like this. |
|- | |- | ||
|| | || | ||
− | ||Let me quickly demonstrate how to add a charge | + | ||Let me quickly demonstrate how to add a local charge on an atom. |
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Press capital ''N'''. | + | ||Press capital '''N'''. |
Point to the '''Submenu''' | Point to the '''Submenu''' | ||
− | ||Anywhere on the '''Display area''', press capital ''N'''. | + | ||Anywhere on the '''Display area''', press capital '''N'''. |
− | A '''Submenu''' opens in which | + | A '''Submenu''' opens in which we will select '''Na'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool>>Click on the '''Display area'''. | + | ||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool |
− | ||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool | + | |
+ | >>Click on the '''Display area'''. | ||
+ | ||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool | ||
+ | |||
+ | Then click on the '''Display area'''. | ||
Sodium atom appears on the '''Display area'''. | Sodium atom appears on the '''Display area'''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Click on '''Increment the charge of | + | ||Click on '''Increment the charge of an atom''' tool |
+ | |||
+ | >>Click on '''Na'''. | ||
||Click on '''Increment the charge of an atom''' tool. | ||Click on '''Increment the charge of an atom''' tool. | ||
Line 300: | Line 344: | ||
||Click on '''Create a new file''' icon on the toolbar. | ||Click on '''Create a new file''' icon on the toolbar. | ||
||Click on '''Create a new file''' icon on the toolbar. | ||Click on '''Create a new file''' icon on the toolbar. | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || | ||
− | ||Ensure that C | + | ||Ensure that '''C''' that is '''Carbon''' is selected as element. |
− | Also, ensure that | + | Also, ensure that '''Bond length''' is 200 or above. |
|- | |- | ||
||Point to the cycle tools bar in the tool box | ||Point to the cycle tools bar in the tool box | ||
− | ||There are various | + | ||The Fourth toolbar in the tool box is '''Cycle''' tool |
+ | |||
+ | There are various tools here that we can use. | ||
For eg - | For eg - | ||
Line 318: | Line 361: | ||
* '''Add a four membered cycle''' | * '''Add a four membered cycle''' | ||
− | * and some more '''cycle | + | * and some more '''cycle''' tools and then |
* '''Add a cycle'''. | * '''Add a cycle'''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
||Point to '''Add a four membered cycle''' tool | ||Point to '''Add a four membered cycle''' tool | ||
− | ||We will use ''Add a four membered cycle | + | ||We will use '''Add a four membered cycle'''. |
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Click on '''Add a four membered cycle''' tool>>Click on the '''Display area'''. | + | ||Click on '''Add a four membered cycle''' tool |
+ | |||
+ | >>Click on the '''Display area'''. | ||
||So, click on it. | ||So, click on it. | ||
Line 333: | Line 378: | ||
||Let's add atoms to the cycle at the corners. | ||Let's add atoms to the cycle at the corners. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Right click on any one of the corners>>A '''Submenu''' opens. | + | ||Right click on any one of the corners |
+ | |||
+ | >>A '''Submenu''' opens. | ||
||Right click any one of the corners. | ||Right click any one of the corners. | ||
A '''Submenu''' opens. | A '''Submenu''' opens. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Select '''Atom'''>>Then click on '''Display symbol'''. | + | ||Select '''Atom''' |
+ | |||
+ | >>Then click on '''Display symbol'''. | ||
||Select '''Atom'''. | ||Select '''Atom'''. | ||
Line 349: | Line 398: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|| | || | ||
− | ||Let's now convert a | + | ||Let's now convert a mono-cyclic compound to bi-cyclic compound. |
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Click on '''Add a six membered cycle''' tool>> click on the '''Display area'''. | + | ||Click on '''Add a six membered cycle''' tool |
+ | |||
+ | >> click on the '''Display area'''. | ||
||Click on '''Add a six membered cycle''' tool. | ||Click on '''Add a six membered cycle''' tool. | ||
− | Then click on | + | Then click on '''Display area'''. |
|- | |- | ||
||Click on the cycle bond | ||Click on the cycle bond | ||
||Place the cursor on the cycle's bond and click again. | ||Place the cursor on the cycle's bond and click again. | ||
− | Observe the ''' | + | Observe the '''Bi-cyclic compound'''. |
|- | |- | ||
||Click on '''Save the current file''' icon on the toolbar. | ||Click on '''Save the current file''' icon on the toolbar. | ||
Line 369: | Line 420: | ||
||'''Save as''' dialog box opens. | ||'''Save as''' dialog box opens. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||Enter the | + | ||Enter the file name as '''Editing Molecules''' |
>>Click on '''Save''' button. | >>Click on '''Save''' button. | ||
− | ||Enter the | + | ||Enter the file name as '''Editing Molecules''' |
Click on '''Save''' button. | Click on '''Save''' button. | ||
Line 379: | Line 430: | ||
||Let's summarize. | ||Let's summarize. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||'''Slide Number | + | ||'''Slide Number 9''' |
'''Summary''' | '''Summary''' | ||
||In this tutorial, we have learnt to, | ||In this tutorial, we have learnt to, | ||
− | * Add | + | * Add unbound electrons on an atom |
* Draw Carbonic acid and Sulphuric acid structures. | * Draw Carbonic acid and Sulphuric acid structures. | ||
Line 390: | Line 441: | ||
* Add and modify a local charge on a group of atoms | * Add and modify a local charge on a group of atoms | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||'''Slide Number | + | ||'''Slide Number 10''' |
'''Summary''' | '''Summary''' | ||
Line 399: | Line 450: | ||
* Add cyclic molecules | * Add cyclic molecules | ||
− | * Convert | + | * Convert mono-cyclic molecules to bi-cyclic molecules. |
|- | |- | ||
− | ||'''Slide Number | + | ||'''Slide Number 11''' |
'''Assignment''' | '''Assignment''' | ||
||As an assignment | ||As an assignment | ||
− | * Add | + | * Add a seven membered cycle to the Display area |
− | * Change it to tricyclic compound. | + | * Change it to a tricyclic compound. |
|- | |- | ||
− | ||'''Slide Number | + | ||'''Slide Number 12''' |
'''Acknowledgement''' | '''Acknowledgement''' | ||
Line 421: | Line 472: | ||
If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ||''' Slide Number | + | ||''' Slide Number 13''' |
||The Spoken Tutorial Project Team: | ||The Spoken Tutorial Project Team: | ||
Line 437: | Line 488: | ||
It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India | ||
− | + | More information on this Mission is available at this link | |
+ | |||
+ | '''http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ''' | ||
This is '''Madhuri Ganapathi''' from '''IIT Bombay''' signing off. Thank you for joining. | This is '''Madhuri Ganapathi''' from '''IIT Bombay''' signing off. Thank you for joining. | ||
|- | |- |
Latest revision as of 15:11, 28 October 2020
Title of the tutorial: Editing molecules
Author: Madhuri Ganapathi
Key words: Video tutorial, GChemPaint tools- Add an electron pair to an atom, Add or modify an atom, Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one, Add a six membered cycle, Increment the charge of an atom
Visual Cue | Narration |
---|---|
Slide Number 1
Title Slide |
Hello everyone.
Welcome the tutorial on Editing Molecules in GChemPaint. |
Slide Number 2
Learning Objectives |
In this tutorial, we will learn to
|
Slide Number 3
Learning Objectives |
We will also learn to,
|
Slide Number 4
System Requirement |
Here I am using
Ubuntu Linux OS version. 12.04 GChemPaint version 0.12.10 |
Slide Number 5
Pre-requisites |
To follow this tutorial you should be familiar with,
GChemPaint chemical structure editor. If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website. |
Switch to GChemPaint application. | I have opened a new GChemPaint application. |
Let's first draw Ammonia structure. | |
Click on Current element drop down arrow button. | Click on Current element drop down arrow button. |
Select N from the table. | Select N from the table.
Observe N in the tool box. |
Click on Add or modify an atom tool
>> click on Display area. |
Click on Add or modify an atom tool.
Then click on Display area. |
Point to NH3 | NH3 is seen on the Display area. |
Press capital H.
Point to the Submenu. |
Press capital H.
A Submenu with a list of elements starting with H appears. |
Select H from the list. | Select H from the list. |
Click on
Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one tool. |
Click on
Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one tool. |
Click and drag the bonds thrice on Nitrogen atom. | To draw three bonds to Nitrogen atom
Click and drag the bonds thrice on Nitrogen atom. |
Point to the bonds | Orient the bonds to form a Pyramid like structure. |
Let's add a pair of un-bound electrons on Nitrogen atom. | |
Click on Add an electron pair to an atom tool
>> click on the Nitrogen atom. |
Click on Add an electron pair to an atom tool.
Then click on Nitrogen atom of Ammonia. Observe the changes. |
Point to the unbound electrons. | Note that Nitrogen of Ammonia now has a pair of electrons.
This pair does not take part in bonding. This pair of electrons is lone pair. |
Slide Number 6
Assignment |
As an assignment,
|
Now let's draw 'Carbonic acid(H2CO3) and Sulphuric acid(H2SO4) structures. | |
Slide Number 7
Structures of Carbonic acid and Sulphuric acid. |
Here is a slide for,
Carbonic acid and Sulphuric acid structures. |
First let's move Ammoniastructure aside.
To do so, click on Select one or more objects tool. Then click on Ammonia structure and drag it to one side. | |
Now let's draw Carbonic acid structure. | |
Click on the Current element arrow button
>>Select C from the table. |
Click on the Current element arrow button.
Select C from the table. |
Click on
Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one tool. |
Click on
Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one tool. |
Click on the Display area.
Point to the orientation |
Click on the Display area.
Orient three bonds in such a way that they form an inverted Y. |
Point to the fourth bond. | Draw the fourth bond as a double bond to any one of the bonds. |
Click on Current element drop down button. | Now click on Current element drop down button. |
Select O. | Select O. |
Click on Add or modify an atom tool | Click on Add or modify an atom tool |
Point to the cursor. | Place the cursor near the bonds. |
Click on the bond positions. | Click on the three bond positions.
Carbonic acid(H2CO3) structure is drawn. |
Now let's draw Sulphuric acid structure. | |
Click on Current element drop down button. | Click on Current element drop down button. |
Select S | Select S |
Click on Add or modify an atom tool
>>Click on the Display area. |
Click on Add or modify an atom tool.
Then click on Display area. Observe H2S. |
Click on the Display area>> Press capital O
A Submenu with O and Os opens. |
Now anywhere on the Display area press capital O
A Submenu with 2 options O and Os opens. |
Select O. | Select O. |
Click on Add or modify an atom tool
>> click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one tool. |
Click on Add or modify an atom tool.
Then click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one tool. |
In the Property menu
>>make the Bond length value to 200 or above. |
In the Property menu,
increase the Bond length value to 200 or above. |
Click on H2S to draw three bonds. | Click on H2S to draw three bonds of OH to S. |
Point to positive charge near S. | Observe a positive charge near S.
This appears because Sulphur has to satisfy valency of 6. |
Click on S and drag the bond to a side without releasing the mouse. | For the fourth bond, first click on S .
Now drag the bond to one side without releasing the mouse. |
Point to any 2 opposite bonds. | Now let's convert the opposite bonds into double bonds. |
Click on
Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one tool >>click on the existing bonds. |
Click on
Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one tool. Then click on the opposite existing bonds of the structure. |
Point to the structure | Note that the positive charge is no longer visible.
Sulphuric acid structure is complete. |
Next let's add a local charge on the Carbonic acid and Sulphuric acid structures. | |
Click on Decrement the charge of an atom tool. | To show local charge, Click on Decrement the charge of an atom tool. |
Click on two O-H groups. | Click on the two O-H groups of the Carbonic acid structure.
Observe that Carbonate ion (CO32-) is formed. |
Click on Decrement the charge of an atom tool. | To show local charge on Sulphuric acid structure.
Click on Decrement the charge of an atom tool. |
Click on the two opposite O-H groups. | Click on the two opposite O-H groups of Sulphuric acid.
Observe that Sulphate ion (SO42-) is formed. |
Slide Number 8
Assignment |
As an assignment,
Your completed assignment should look like this. |
Let me quickly demonstrate how to add a local charge on an atom. | |
Press capital N.
Point to the Submenu |
Anywhere on the Display area, press capital N.
A Submenu opens in which we will select Na. |
Click on Add or modify an atom tool
>>Click on the Display area. |
Click on Add or modify an atom tool
Then click on the Display area. Sodium atom appears on the Display area. |
Click on Increment the charge of an atom tool
>>Click on Na. |
Click on Increment the charge of an atom tool.
Then Click on Na. Observe a positive charge on the Sodium atom. |
Point to Decrement the charge of an atom tool. | In a similar way, we can add a negative charge to an atom.
This can be done by choosing Decrement the charge of an atom tool. |
Now let's learn to draw Cyclic molecules.
For this, we will open a new GChemPaint window. | |
Click on Create a new file icon on the toolbar. | Click on Create a new file icon on the toolbar. |
Ensure that C that is Carbon is selected as element.
Also, ensure that Bond length is 200 or above. | |
Point to the cycle tools bar in the tool box | The Fourth toolbar in the tool box is Cycle tool
There are various tools here that we can use. For eg -
|
Point to Add a four membered cycle tool | We will use Add a four membered cycle. |
Click on Add a four membered cycle tool
>>Click on the Display area. |
So, click on it.
Then click on the Display area. |
Let's add atoms to the cycle at the corners. | |
Right click on any one of the corners
>>A Submenu opens. |
Right click any one of the corners.
A Submenu opens. |
Select Atom
>>Then click on Display symbol. |
Select Atom.
Then click on Display symbol. |
Show this part fast. | Likewise let's add atoms on all the corners.
Obtained structure is Cyclobutane. |
Let's now convert a mono-cyclic compound to bi-cyclic compound. | |
Click on Add a six membered cycle tool
>> click on the Display area. |
Click on Add a six membered cycle tool.
Then click on Display area. |
Click on the cycle bond | Place the cursor on the cycle's bond and click again.
Observe the Bi-cyclic compound. |
Click on Save the current file icon on the toolbar. | To save the file,
Click on Save the current file icon on the toolbar. |
Save as dialog box opens. | Save as dialog box opens. |
Enter the file name as Editing Molecules
>>Click on Save button. |
Enter the file name as Editing Molecules
Click on Save button. |
Let's summarize. | |
Slide Number 9
Summary |
In this tutorial, we have learnt to,
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Slide Number 10
Summary |
We have also learnt to,
|
Slide Number 11
Assignment |
As an assignment
|
Slide Number 12
Acknowledgement |
Watch the video available at this URL.
http://spoken-tutorial.org/ What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project. If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
Slide Number 13 | The Spoken Tutorial Project Team:
Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials Gives certificates to those who pass an online test For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org |
Slide number 10 | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project
It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India More information on this Mission is available at this link http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro This is Madhuri Ganapathi from IIT Bombay signing off. Thank you for joining. |