Difference between revisions of "Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Kangaroo-Mother-Care/English"

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Revision as of 15:53, 5 February 2019

Visual Cue
Narration
Title Slide Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on Kangaroo mother care.
Image: Mother is holding the baby in the KMC position.

Image: Skin-to-skin contact with the mother.

Image: A mother is breastfeeding a baby.

Image: A grouped image of advantages of KMC.

Image: A grouped image of steps involved in KMC.

In this tutorial, we will learn -
  • What is Kangaroo mother care?
  • The components, importance and
  • Procedure of Kangaroo mother care
Image: Skin-to-skin contact with the mother.

Image: Kangaroo

Image: Kangaroo mother care

Let us begin with the introduction of Kangaroo mother care?

As the name suggests -

1. it involves, keeping the baby in skin to skin contact with the mother.

2. and it is popularly known as KMC.

Image: Delivery of a baby

Image: A baby kept on the weighing scale with a downward arrow.

Image: A healthy full-term baby.

Image: A baby with respiratory problems

Image: A baby kept in radiant warmer.

Remember,

KMC should be given as soon as the baby is born.

  • It is especially recommended for low birth weight babies-
    • whose birth weight is less than 2.5 kilograms and
    • who do not require continuous monitoring
  • However, it can be used for all normal, healthy full-term babies too.  
Image: Skin-to-skin contact.

Image: A mother is breastfeeding baby.

GIF: Clock animation.

KMC consists of two main components:
  • Continuous and prolonged skin to skin contact between the mother and her baby and
  • Exclusive breastfeeding
Image: A baby is placed on a mother’s upper abdomen in KMC position.

Image: Let down reflex

Image: A mother is breastfeeding the baby with an upward arrow.


Let’s discuss these components in detail.
  • The first component is skin to skin contact.
    • it improves the Let down reflex
    • and ultimately increases the breast milk production.
Image: Bonding between mother and baby Let down reflex has been explained in another tutorial of the same series.
Image: A health worker is monitoring the mother while breastfeeding.

GIF: Calendar animation.

The second component is exclusive breastfeeding.

Note that-

  • Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months.
Image: Skin-to-skin contact between the mother and the baby.

Image: Thermometer and new-born baby.


Next, let’s discuss the importance of Kangaroo care
  • Prolonged skin to skin contact during KMC helps maintain the baby's body temperature
  • and the baby feels more secure.
Image: Bacterias.

GIF: Infant apnea.

KMC also decreases -

1. the frequency of infection and

2. the rate of apnea in babies.

  • Apnea is defined as long pauses in breathing.
GIF: Animation of a clock to show the duration

Image: A mother is breastfeeding the baby.

Apart from these-

  • KMC improves the frequency and duration of breastfeeding
  • And it strengthens the emotional bonding between the mother and her baby.
Image: A mother carrying the baby in KMC position

Image: A baby kept in the radiant warmer

Image: A stressed mother and a baby

Image: KMC baby and stable baby

KMC also helps the baby-

to gain weight than any other conventional methods such as-

  • keeping the baby in radiant warmer.
  • which creates stress for the baby and the mother as well.
Image: A mother is looking(smiling) at the baby while carrying her in KMC position.

It also improves the satisfaction and confidence in the mother -

  • as she takes extra effort for her baby.
Image: The father carrying a baby in the KMC position.

Image: Other adult family member carrying a baby in the KMC position.

Interestingly, apart from mothers, KMC can be provided by-
  • Father or
  • Any adult family member too.
Image: Handwashing

Image: Daily bath

Image: Clipped fingernails

Image: Tied up hair

Image: Clean clothes

We will now discuss the points to be followed by KMC provider:

  • The KMC provider should be healthy and free from illness.
  • He or she should follow basic hygiene practices such as-
    • hand washing,
    • daily bath,
    • clipped fingernails,
    • tied up hair and
    • clean clothes.
Image: Jewellery, watches, threads, etc.

He or she should not wear any jewellery, watches and threads -

  • as these may become the barriers to maintain the hygiene
  • and it can cause injury to the baby.
Image: Front open dress, sari-blouse Now, let us discuss the type of clothes the provider should wear during KMC -
  • clothes should be front open and lightweight
  • for example, sari-blouse or front open gown
Image: Front open gown or blouse around the KMC wrap Note that,

The KMC provider should wear this front open gown or blouse around the KMC wrap.

Image: KMC binders.

GIF: Clock animation.

Image: Soft cotton fabric.

Kangaroo bags or binders can be bought from the market as well.
  • These are useful if KMC has to be done for an extended period.
  • Alternately, KMC provider can use soft clean cotton fabric.
Image: A mother is carrying the baby in KMC position where a baby has worn a cap and a nappy.

Image: A baby passing urine during KMC.

Image: A mother cleaning the baby’s bottom.

Whereas, the baby during KMC should -

1. wear a cap and a nappy.

2. if the baby passes stool or urine during KMC then -

  • she should be cleaned and dried thoroughly.
Image: A baby in KMC position.

Image: A mother is standing in an upright position.

Next, we will move onto the procedure of Kangaroo care in detail.
  • Firstly, the mother should stand in an upright position.
Image: A health worker is placing the baby on mother’s breast.

Image: A health worker is turning the baby’s head towards one side.

Then, either a health worker or any family member should do -

the following things, step-wise-

  • By supporting the baby’s bottom and head-
    • place the baby between the mother’s bare breasts in an upright position.
    • then, turn the baby’s head to one side.
Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for KMC. Make sure,
  • the baby’s head is slightly bending backward.
Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for KMC. This position will -
  • keep the baby’s nose airways open
  • and will allow the baby to make eye to eye contact with the mother.
Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for KMC. Then bend the baby’s hips slightly outward.
Image: A baby is placed on the mother’s chest for KMC. Remember -
  • to keep baby’s arms above the mother’s breast and
  • legs below the mother’s breast and
  • the baby’s abdomen on the chest of the mother.
Image: Warm icon

Image: A health worker is placing a blanket on the baby. (KMC position)

Before wrapping with the cloth-
  • Cover the baby with a blanket if environment is cold.
  • It will keep the baby and the mother warm.
Image: A health worker is wrapping a cloth around the baby and abdomen of the mother. Then,
  • Wrap a cloth around the baby and mother’s chest and abdomen.
Image: A health worker is wrapping a cloth around the baby and the mother’s abdomen for KMC.


While wrapping make sure -

1. The center of the cloth is on a baby

2. And both ends of the cloth should -

  • pass through the armpits of the mother
  • and should cross at the back.
Image: A health worker is wrapping a cloth around the baby and the mother’s abdomen for KMC. 3. After that bring the edges of the cloth in the front.

4. Secure these edges of the cloth with a safe knot under the baby’s bottom.

  • This is comfortable and helps support the baby.
  • Also it avoids slipping of the baby.
Image: A mother is wrapping a cloth around herself and the baby for KMC.

Image: A Mother is looking at the baby.

Remember-
  • as the mother becomes comfortable, she should learn to wrap the cloth by herself.
Image: A mother is wrapping a cloth around herself and the baby for KMC. The technique of -

Self-wrapping during KMC will be explained in another tutorial of the same series.

Image: A mother is wrapping a cloth around herself and the baby for KMC. It will increase the mother’s confidence and make her independent.
Image: Stretchy band

If mother is uncomfortable while using a cloth then she can use a stretchy band.

  • It is easy and comfortable to use.
Image: A health worker is adjusting the edge of the wrap.

Image: A health worker is adjusting the baby’s head.

While using a stretchy band-
  • adjust the edge of the band above the baby’s ear to support his head.
Image: The baby is looking at the mother. Then, tilt the baby’s head slightly-
  • to allow the baby to breathe freely and
  • to make eye to eye contact with the mother as explained earlier.
Image: Too tight wrapped cloth and too loose wrapped cloth with a red cross mark.

Image: Comfortably wrapped cloth with a green check mark.

The wrapped cloth or stretchy band should not be too tight or too loose.

  • it should be comfortable enough for the baby to breathe freely.
Image: A KMC provider is standing.

Image: A KMC provider is walking.

Image: A KMC provider is sitting.

Image: A KMC provider is doing household chores.

Remember, while carrying a baby in KMC position, mother should be able to-

  • walk,
  • stand,
  • sit or
  • involve in different activities.
Image: A KMC provider is sleeping in a reclined position.

Image: A KMC provider is sleeping in a semi-reclined position.

  • If a mother is very comfortable then-

she can even sleep during Kangaroo care in a reclined or a semi-reclined position.

Image: A mother is loosening the wrap for breastfeeding.

Image: A mother is breastfeeding the baby

Now let’s discuss how to feed the baby during KMC-

1. Either mother can feed the baby-

  • by simply loosening the wrapped cloth and
  • positioning the baby for breastfeeding.
Image: A mother is manually expressing the breastmilk.

Image: A mother is feeding the baby using a cup and spoon.

Or

2. she can manually express the breast milk and

  • feed the baby using a cup or spoon.
Image: A baby is kept on a digital weighing scale. Remember,
  • Each day baby should gain up to 25-30 grams of weight.
  • Expected weight gain of a baby in a month is up to 900 to 1,000 grams.
Image: A baby is kept on a digital weighing scale. Hence, mother or health worker should -
  • monitor the weight of the baby during routine check-ups.
Image: A health worker is monitoring the breastfeeding technique of the mother.

Image: A mother is changing the nappy of the baby.

Image: A health worker is guiding the mother.

If the baby fails to gain sufficient weight-

  • health worker should monitor the breastfeeding technique of the mother or
  • check how many times the baby urinates
  • also, guide the mother about the correct latching.
Image: Correct latching. Correct latching has been explained in an another tutorial in the same series.
Image: A mother is un-tying the knot.

Image: A mother is supporting the baby's bottom with one hand from outside of the wrapped cloth.

Next,

Let’s learn how to remove the baby from the wrapped cloth -

1. firstly, the mother should sit in the upright position.

2. then, start untying the knot with one hand and

3. support the baby’s bottom with other hand on the outside of wrapped cloth.

Image: A mother is loosening the wrapped cloth. After that-
  • loosen the wrapped cloth with the same hand which was earlier used for untying the knot.
Image: A mother is shifting her hand inside the wrapped cloth. Then-
  • shift the hand under the cloth which was supporting the baby’s bottom and
  • use the other hand to support the baby’s bottom from outside the cloth.
Image: A mother is removing the baby from the wrapped cloth.
  • Now, lift the baby up and free her from the wrapped cloth.
Image: A mother is removing the baby from the wrapped cloth. After that, remember to hold the baby’s head in a way-
  • where the thumb is behind one ear and
  • other fingers are around the other ear.
Image: Inactive baby during KMC

GIF: Too long pauses during breathing

GIF: Too fast breathing.

Image: Baby’s lips and tongue

Image: Baby’s feet.

Image: A mother is talking to a doctor or health worker.

During KMC-

the mother should immediately consult the doctor and the health worker -

  • if the baby is not alert and active.
  • if the baby is breathing too fast or taking too long pauses.
  • if the baby’s lips or tongue turns blue and
  • if baby’s feet are cold


This brings us to the end of this tutorial on Kangaroo mother care.

Acknowledgement slide Thanks for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Bellatony911, Rajani st

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